Discriminatory Desires Othello, by William Shakespeare, is a tragic play that raises the controversial matter of miscegenation, or the act of people of two different races engaging in sexual relations, while also fusing power conflict and manipulation into its thick plot. Desdemona, a virginal Venetian maid, elopes with Othello, a North African military general, much to her father’s dismay. Othello has appointed Michael Cassio his lieutenant ahead of Iago, who believes he deserves this honor. Once Othello relocates his military to Cyprus, Iago infiltrates a plan to dismantle Othello and Cassio, among others. Iago is the character who is most responsible for the tragic events in the play; his actions were motivated by his desire …show more content…
Upon arrival to Cyprus, Cassio refers to Desdemona as the “captain’s captain” (2.1.74), implying that her mental and physical dominance over Othello is acknowledged by all, despite his robustness in war. Because Desdemona has power over the general, this also means that she has authority over Iago, which is frustrating to a misogynist. In order to dismantle her authority and prevent a woman from having power over him, Iago must convince Othello, guilty of acute jealousy, that Desdemona has been promiscuous. If Desdemona was ever disloyal to Othello, he would deteriorate emotionally and cause harm to Desdemona; therefore, Iago knows the strings to pull. During a soliloquy addressing how he plans to use Desdemona’s handkerchief that Emilia has stolen to trigger Othello’s jealousy, Iago states: “Trifles light as air/ Are to the jealous confirmations strong/ As proofs of holy writ” (3.3.323-325). Throughout Elizabethan England, Venetian women were notorious for being adulterers, and Iago uses this knowledge and Othello’s unbridled jealousy to convince him that his wife is unfaithful, even without concrete evidence. This represents Iago’s plan to use Desdemona as an accessory to topple Othello and his lack of concern for her happiness or reputation. Furthermore, Iago is able to recognize and utilize Othello’s envy and mistrust to his advantage because he is guilty of it himself. After hearing a rumor that Othello has slept with his wife, Iago declares: “And nothing can or shall content my soul/Till I am even'd with him, wife for wife/ Or failing so, yet that I put the Moor/At least into a jealousy so strong/That judgement cannot cure” (2.2.287-290). Iago’s fixation on this rumor, presented without evidence, discloses his underlying insecurities about his marriage and perhaps his impotence. If Emilia was
Haply, for I am black/ And have not those soft parts of conversation/ That chamberers have, or for I am declin’d/ Into the vale of years (yet that’s not much) She’s gone. I am abus’d: and my relief/ Must be to loathe her” (III.III. 304-309). As the emanation of social interaction among various races appear within English literature, the vault of new beginnings and change takes hold. William Shakespeare’s Othello, is most notably recognized for the character, Othello. Through various texts of literature, the idea of racial construct and discrimination was never an easy topic to come by. Since the play was written in Europe during the 1600s, the emergence of slave trades in this area further divided races. The play itself follows the tragedy for Othello, and the transition from a military general to a tragic hero. The limitation of power plays a huge role in Othello’s ability to withstand the manipulation of multiple characters. Although he is Moorish general in the Venetian army, he is still indeed a Moor, a socially lower class, muslim man. From this, cultural collision of ethnicity influences how Othello is treated and the disadvantages he faces because of his color. Through the mere jealousy in which Iago, Othello’s standard-bearer, has for Othello’s life, he proposes the idea to manipulate his life by using the one difference between all men, race. When Iago awakes Brabantio, the father of Desdemona, he hopes to initiate his plan to take down Othello. His description
The following situation also proves Iago’s ability to effectively use his power over Othello’s intelligence and jealousy. Othello was very gullible and innocent, so Iago took complete advantage of that. He makes Othello believe that Desdemona is unfaithful toward him with Cassio. He does so through a multitude of ways: “If I can fasten but one cup upon him,
She begins the play as a independent and thoughtful person, but she must struggle against all odds to make Othello believe that she is not too independent. Desdemona is a symbol of innocence and helplessness. However in the beginning of the play, she seems to be mature and quite insightful of events around her. Iago often tells Othello that she is unfaithful. It seems that she refuses to accept what Iago is doing. She has a tendency to be sympathetic towards other people's situations, like Cassio. This also further inspired Othello's jealousy when Iago pointed out that Cassio and Desdemona were speaking in private. She often pays attention to other people’s thoughts, yet remains distrustful if they differ from her own. She has a loyalty to her husband in all aspects of life,
In Othello by WIlliam Shakespeare, we follow the life of an African American male, who is the lead commander of Cyprus military unit. He was a very respected man and soldier though unbeknownst to him, was a victim of a spiralling love tragedy. Iago, his ancient who acts as his trusted friend, secretly despises him due to not being promoted to Othello’s personal lieutenant, leading him to commit a murder most foul. Moving along we are informed of Othello’s relationship with the daughter of Brabantio, a rich important figure in Venice, a senate, who learns of the secret relationship and tries to separate the two, believing that she was bewitched. Desdemona lets it be
In many of his works, William Shakespeare explores ideas of gender differences and racial tensions. Othello, a play whose characters are judged again and again based on appearances and outward characteristics, is one such work. The protagonist's different ethnic background provides a platform for probing ideas of racial conflict. Similarly, the presence of well-developed yet opposing female characters adds a dimension of gender conflict and feminist views. These seemingly separate themes of Othello-sexual difference and racial conflict-are closely connected because of similar ties of prejudgment and stereotype. The play's treatment of sexual difference and gender roles strengthens Othello's racist tones
Racism is a belief that discriminates against someone for particular characteristics. It's a just belief that makes a particular group believe they are superior to others. It may be defined as the hatred of one person by another or the belief that another person is less than human because of skin color, language or many other reasons. It has influenced wars, slavery and a lot of other events. The great play writer William Shakespeare wrote a play Othello, which demonstrates the idea of racism and discrimination. In this play, Shakespeare describes a character Othello who is a hero and is a different race than everyone else. Othello behavior in shows how he's fighting society to establish himself in his successful career as a soldier. Racism
In this manner, Iago manipulates the men through their wives by providing innuendos to create jealousy among the husbands. Iago plants the seed in the mind of Othello, concerning Desdemona, as Iago states “Did Michael Cassio, When you woo'd my lady, know of your love?”, which draws Othello’s attention as to why Iago desires to know this question (Bevington, 2014, p. 631, Act: 3 Scene 1, Line 103). Iago then begins to draw Othello in further until he finally confesses “I speak not yet of proof. Look to your wife; observe her well with Cassio” (Bevington, 2014, p. 633, Act: 3 Scene 1, Lines 210-211). While Iago has no reason to assume that there has been any infidelity between Cassio and Desdemona, he only offers the suggestion that Othello watch the two of them, and this creates an immediate form of jealousy in the heart and mind of Othello.
Othello’s race does not prominently impact his demise, although Shakespeare touches upon the issue of race, the reason for Othello’s demise lies somewhere else. However, the allegations of race directly lead to its tragic ending. Feelings of inadequacy and distrust without question aid in the tragedy. The fact that Othello’s skin color is important alters the interpretation of the tragedy within the play. The racism represented in Othello is not just about an instance of prejudices and prejudgments made by a crowd of people against another, but in fact has much more subtle and devastating consequences, specifically, that it is proliferated not only by the discriminatory section of society, but also by the target of this discrimination.
Othello is an easy target in this drama, because Iago already knows that he is a very insecure person. With that stated, it will be easy for Iago to use Othello’s jealousy to trick him into thinking that Desdemona is an unfaithful wife. Iago will manipulate the way Othello sees things in order to convince him that what he sees is innocent acts between Desdemona and Casillo. Iago’s starts to plant the idea in Othello’s head of an affair after Othello sees Casillo rush leaving Desdemona in a manner that looked as though he is guilty (1223). Alone with Othello, Iago begins to make Othello feel threatened by Casillo and Desdemona’s apparent relationship by bringing up the fact that Casillo served as Desdemona’s and Othello’s go-between during the time of their courtship. The conversation ends with Iago asking Othello to watch carefully of Desdemona and Casillo, and Iago exits giving Othello time to question the accusation of Iago (1225-1228).
Othello, not knowing that Cassio was in fact speaking with Desdemona in hopes of being reinstated as Lieutenant, mistakenly believes that the two are having an affair and that Desdemona has lost her chastity. Iago skillfully capitalizes on the situation by developing his attack further: "She did deceive her father, marrying you" (3.3.220). Othello begins to see Iago's reasoning: if she could deceive her father, she could just as easily deceive her new husband. Once Othello's bliss has been decimated, Iago concentrates on weakening Othello's perception of himself; Iago very carefully and very tactfully chooses words and metaphors that subconsciously pit Othello against the Venetians. Othello begins to perceive himself as an outsider in his own country, "a malignant and turbaned Turk" (5.2.365). A fruitful marriage with a Venetian woman becomes out of the question in Othello's mind. Iago's successful manipulation takes a self-confidant man and reduces him to one at ends with himself and with the woman he loved.
Othello or The Moor of Venice by William Shakespeare is a tragedy of race. Shakespeare creates a hero who does not fall under a racist stereotype, Othello is a nobleman, a decorated soldier, very well respected by his men (with the exception of Iago). One of the few characteristics that harms, rather than helps him, is that he is dark-skinned in a society utterly dominated by men prejudiced against those with dark skin. At the start of the play, he appears confident that, "My parts, my title, and my perfect soul / Shall manifest me rightly." (Shakespeare, 1, 2, 36-37) But Iago makes sure to use Othello's race against him as much as possible. As a brave soldier from Africa and recently instated supreme commander of the Venetian army, Shakespeare still allows Othello to succumb to the subtle racism that surrounds him. Most of it comes forward through the dialog, and is directed toward Othello. Shakespeare makes no effort to hide this colorful language, nearly every character uses a racial slur to insult Othello at some point in the play. Even Emilia, who doesn’t trust her own husband, sinks to the level of insulting Othello based on the color of his skin. Though the main character to make racist remarks in Othello is Iago, making him a representation of white supremacy. The effect of racism on Othello is quite evident and is one of the main causes of his insecurity about his marriage. These black stereotypes show up in the play and lead to the problem with trying to produce
Othello replies with "Damn her, lewd minx. O damn her, damn her". From that reaction we can tell that Iago has reminded Othello of what she has done, and rather than agree with what he has said it sounds like he is more determined to kill her. Iago has succeeded in condemning Desdemona to death at Othello´s hands. Iago´s effectiveness at noticing innocent situations and making them look suspect is another way in which he gets Othello to believe of Desdemona´s unfaithfulness.
Othello, from the onset, is shown to us a play of love and jealousy. There is however more to this play than just love and jealousy; there is underlying racism, hate, deception, pride, and even sexism between these pages. Othello is a transcendent play, one that will survive the perils of time simply because it is still relevant. Even today, over 400 years later, there are still issues of racism and sexism. Hate is as natural as love in humans and Othello gets right to the root of that. We witness this from the very first scene, “…you’ll have your daughter covered with a Barbary horse/ you’ll have your nephews neigh to you” (I.i.112-14); to the very last, “Moor she was chaste. She loved thee, cruel Moor” (V.ii.258). Moor however is
Iago seems sincere enough, and he makes a concerted effort to ensure that he remains aces in everyone's book. So when Iago begins to plant the seeds of doubt into Othello's mind, Othello has no cause to doubt him. Desdemona is his wife, the woman that he loves with all his heart. Yet, see how quickly he is dissuaded, and how he disparages her. "Ay, let her rot, and perish, and be damn'd tonight, for she shall not live. No, me heart is turn'd to stone, I strike it, and it hurts my hand?I will chop her into messes. Cuckold me!" (1167). But Othello never thinks to disbelieve Iago. He believes Iago to be an honest man, wise and simply trying to help. So he doesn't stop to think that maybe he should talk this over with his wife before he launches himself into a state of panic.
Prejudice is an act of dehumanization. Throughout the Shakespearean play The Tragedy of Othello the theme of prejudice dominates the society in which the characters are restrained to. For the duration of the play the character Othello encounters various verbal slanders of racism and slurs leading to his spiral and demise. To the extent in which it contributes to him murdering his wife out of jealousy and, later, executing himself. The discrimination present in the play casts an influence on his character, consequently leading to pivotal downfalls. The act of prejudice is evident through Iago’s promotion of racial bias, the prevalence of racial attitudes, and the exemplification of Othello as an outcast in their society. Thus, the story becoming a tragedy for the existence of racial bias. Allocating that the influence of prejudice can obstruct one’s mindset, ultimately leading to the disintegration of one’s character.