Examples Of Phenomenal Concepts

An objection to this statement would be that we are not actually gaining any new knowledge after experiencing events. What if, in reality, all we are doing is obtaining a new ability? Since we already know all the physical information about experiencing the color red, the physicalist would say that there would not be any new knowledge to obtained from this event, but instead, we just know the ability to see the color red now.

Perceived view can be seen as the opposite of received view. In perceived view, also known as interpretive views, phenomenology and constructivism are two major characteristics. Phenomenology can be described as “emphasis of the appearance of things and not things themselves, each individual experience is unique, and can have multiple interpretations of reality” (Bargagliotti, n.d.). Overall, this means that people can have different interpretations of a same experience.

Physicalism is a philosophical theory that attempts to solve the mind-body problem with its explanation of the results of the interactions between our brains and our bodies. Physicalism explains that everything in the universe is made up of

Kim’s essential argument relies on two different metaphysical principles. Firstly, he presents the ‘Casual Individuation of Kinds’ principle that states that kinds in science are individuated on the

Standpoint theory refers that any social position that an individual holds is greatly influenced by his/her experience. It means the marginalized group can give a max total picture on a particular topic as they experience the domination more acutely than the privileged group. The marginalized groups face oppression in different layers because of class, gender, race, ethnicity and other identities which they hold. As they are in the margin so their experience is more diverse than the privileged group. Even if living in the same society, two people will have different experience to share because of their social position. This experience helps one to have a view point of the surroundings. As the marginalized group experience the oppression and discrimination more than the privileged individuals, so their experience can be the total picture of the social problems.

(2) The second question concerns the status of phenomenal qualities: Are the phenomenal qualities of visual perceptions non-intentional qualities, or do they belong to a certain type of intentional qualities? In other words, are phenomenal and intentional contents essentially different, or are the so-called phenomenal contents of visual perceptions really part of their intentional contents?

In denying that the mind and mental properties, like qualia, are nonphysical things, mind-brain theory objects to both substance and property dualism. Therefore it is a physicalist approach to the philosophy of

In the paper "Epiphenomenal Qualia," Frank Jackson presents the concept of Qualia and the knowledge argument in order to prove physicalism false. Jackson 's knowledge argument introduces a thought experiment about a neuroscientist called Mary. His thought experiment is designed to refute physicalism by showing that there is non-physical knowledge in the world. However, there are many flaws in Jackson 's thought experiment that lead to its ultimate failure in proving that physicalism is wrong, such as its appeal to a misleading intuition, the ambiguity of its premises, and the assumption that it is possible to gain all physical knowledge of color from a colorless room.

There are two main theories that make up the knowledge argument. The first is Physicalism, (or better known as materialism) which is the thesis that “All facts are dependent upon physical processes.”(Smart) The other main stance taken is property dualism. The thesis of property dualism states that there are “Non-physical properties of physical substances” (Calef) or that there are physical and mental properties. In this article, I will defend the stance of property dualism by acknowledging objections and replying to these objections to show why the argument for property dualism works.

This theory focused on three components which are as followed; the first one is individual elements of consciousness, second is how they organized into more complex experiences, and third is how these mental phenomena correlated with physical events.

A physicalist is one who believes that all information is physical. This is a view that sees all factual knowledge as that which can be formulated as a statement about physical objects and activities. Thus, the language of science can be reduced to third

This leaves only one possible solution. The world had to be at some point physicalist, which will be used as a tool throughout the rest of this paper.

Type physicalism means that every property (way of describing events) in a special science is identical to a property in Physics. Taking this into consideration, Fodor is not a type physicalist. Although Fodor believes that everything in the world is physical, one of Fodor’s major points is that the world is physical and can be described in terms of physics, but the conceptual ideas that are used within the “special sciences” are not able to be reduced. Fodor also argues that it’s difficult to reduce subjective to objective, as a matter of fact, it’s not even possible in the Natural Sciences. And that we live in two worlds at the same time, and it’s not possible for either one to be reduced to the other. This means that you would need to find

perception and reality - perception being the evident meaning of each symbol and reality, being