When Arthur Miller wrote The Crucible in 1952 he wrote it with the hope that it would be applicable long after. He should take pride in the fact that his play is exactly that. Though the play was written about the Salem Witch Trials by Arthur Miller to shine light on McCarthyism, the universal truth in it can be applied to many different situations today, such as Islamophobia or Arabophobia today. In The Crucible, author Arthur Miller uses indirect characterization to establish John Proctor as a tragic hero. Miller then uses the characterization of John Proctor to suggest that in human nature fear and pride are more powerful that rational thinking. In this essay I will use evidence from the play to establish John Proctor as a tragic hero and …show more content…
were Puritans. Puritans had an extreme fear of the devil which added fuel to the fire of Abigail's lies. John and Elizabeth were two of her more outrageous targets. She went after them because she wanted a real relationship with John, but he would not leave his wife. John’s other hamartia was his pride. John’s pride could also be seen as hubris because it ended up being excessive, but it does not fit many of the other characteristics of hubris. John’s pride also stood in the way of many things, including his rational thinking. John’s peripeteia occurs in act 3 scene 1 where he admits his affair with Abigail in court in order to clear Elizabeth of witchcraft charges, but Elizabeth lies about the affair thinking that she is helping him. Elizabeth lying about the affair is the main reason behind John being jailed under accusations of witchcraft. Elizabeth lied out of fear of hurting and disappointing John, which in turn hurt him more than it helped him. John’s anagnorisis, which is when the hero recognizes and acknowledges that he/she is to blame for his/her downfall, occurs when John rips his confession of witchcraft in order to save his name and reputation in Salem Village (Miller 141-144). This would be why I say …show more content…
Throughout the play pride and fear are two constant motifs. In the play most of Salem Village put fear and pride over rational thought. After being questioned by Parris about her dismissal from the Proctor home Abigail’s first instinct was to protect her name. She claimed "My name is good in the village! I will not have it said my name is soiled! Goody Proctor is a gossiping liar (Miller 12) !" and she went on to accuse Elizabeth of witchcraft, all over pride of her reputation. Her instinct to protect her name overshadowed all rational thought. In act 2 Rebecca Nurse was accused of witchcraft out of fear from the accusers. Hale stated "if Rebecca Nurse be tainted, then nothing's left to stop the whole green world from burning (Miller 72)." Rebecca had previously been seen as a very devout Puritan and wife. She had done no wrong. Hale’s quote is more proof that the accusers had put their fear over all rational thought. In act 3 when Danford realized that executing the rest of the accused was wrong, he decided not to act on his instinct because he wanted to save his name. Another example of someone putting their reputation over rational thought is in act 5 where John Proctor has a chance to go home free with his family, but he has to confess. John signs the confession, but ends us tearing it up because he wanted to protect his name (Miller 141-144). John choose
Arthur Miller’s The Crucible is a tragic play set in 1692 in Salem, Massachusetts, where Miller uses the Salem Trials as a metaphor for the 1950s McCarthy hearings. In Salem, people value their good names. The Puritan community acts as a theocracy in which there appears to be no right to privacy, and people must conform to a strict moral code. The theme of reputation, lying, and deceit are shown in Abigail, John Proctor, Elizabeth Proctor, Mary Warren, and other characters. In the play’s dialogue, Miller uses Biblical allusions, situational irony, and dramatic irony to develop these themes.
Within the community of Salem, John Proctor is a well known member of the community who has a reputation of always doing what’s right. When he is confronted by Abigail about their affair, she insults his wife, Elizabeth, by calling her “a cold, sniveling woman…”(I.202-205). He does what is right by defending his wife’s honor by snapping back, “You’ll speak nothin’ of Elizabeth!” (I.197-198). Even
Pride can be both beneficial and detrimental. Pride is the feeling of intense satisfaction because of one’s achievements. In the play, The Crucible by Arthur Miller, Miller shows different types of pride throughout the play. Miller shows examples of good pride, bad pride, and mixed pride through various characters in the play. He wants us to learn the difference between the good pride and the bad pride so we can focus on the good.
Abigail is a selfish and manipulative person which gives her the courage to do the things that she does. In act 3, Abigail says "Oh, Mary, this is a black art to change your shape. No, I cannot, I cannot stop my mouth; It's God's work I do" (III.115). Abigail claims that she is doing God’s work, but she is actually doing the devil's work because she is lying and forcing her friends to agree with her and go against Mary. She has the courage to go through with anything that comes to her mind, no matter what harm it could cause. “The girl, the Williams girl, Abigail Williams, sir. She sat to dinner in Reverend Parris's house tonight, and without word nor warning she falls to the floor. Like a struck beast, he says, and screamed a scream that a bull would weep to hear. And he goes to save her, and, stuck two inches in the flesh of her belly, he draw a needle out. And demanding of her how she come to be so stabbed, she --- testify it were your wife's familiar spirit pushed it in”(Act II.1282). This explains how Abigail is willing to go through with anything to be with John Proctor. She shows a monstrous amount of intrepidness just to do so. Abigail Williams has the courage to do anything when it comes to John Proctor. She stabs herself with a needle just to accuse Elizabeth of witchcraft.
American playwright Arthur Miller, in his play The Crucible (1952) displays to us that which hunt still exists in American society. Miller supports this claim by drawing parallels between the Salem Witch trials and the senator Joseph McCarthy. His purpose is to warn his readers of the dangers of mass hysteria. He uses emotional appeals and logic to convince the readers that mass “hunts” are still a danger to Americans today. The crucial way however, that Miller achieves his supreme objective of revealing the risks of reputation vs. integrity is through a fascinating character, John Proctor. John is an example of an internally conflicted character because he had a huge argument with Elizabeth over Abigail, Proctor also had an affair with Abigail, and lastly John had a choice between life and death at the end of the play.
The Crucible, written by Arthur Miller, was not only a captivating play, but also a platform to fight against the iniquitous force of McCarthyism during the 1950s. Set in Salem, a town in the Province of Massachusetts Bay, the play dramatized the witch trials that brought widespread paranoia during 1692 to 1693. So to no one’s surprise, The Crucible and McCarthyism were juxtaposed. Since Arthur Miller wanted to criticize the acts of Senator Joseph McCarthy, he chose to express specific themes that appeared in both the play’s Puritan setting and in the United States. One of the major themes Arthur Miller wanted to convey through his work is the distrust of nature. In the remainder of this essay, I will be discussing the relationship of this theme to the play’s
Arthur Miller’s The Crucible is based on actual events led to the Salem Witch Trials. These trials were a group of hearings to prosecute those accused of witchcraft. Pride influenced the characters throughout the play. Pride is a sense of one's dignity. Excessive pride is the driving force behind arrogance. Throughout the play pride influences the actions of three main characters. The three characters that have excessive pride are, Hale, Elizabeth Proctor and John Proctor.
In Miller’s “The Crucible” the pride of the people of Salem leads to a massacre of innocent lives. Pride is delight or elation arising from some act, possession, or relationship. One of the main characters, John Proctor, has pride in his beliefs of purifying the Church of England. His wife, Elizabeth, has pride in her ability to use the trials as an ultimate revenge against Abigail Williams. John Hale is the “expert” on witches his pride springs from his extensive knowledge, but later in the play he recants and loses all his respect. Hale is the chemical that cause the conflict to come into full swing between Elizabeth and John Proctor.
In this paper, I will be talking about The Crucible, a story written by Arthur Miller in 1952 about the Salem Witch Trials in 1692, and the Red Scare, a time in the 1950’s when Americans were scared that Communists were a threat to them. I will also talk about how Arthur Miller uses “The Crucible” to help the reader understand that similarities such as fear and nationalism occur in historical witch hunts such as the Red Scare still exist, and society persecutes those who do not fit into society because it fears those who are different.
In the play The Crucible by Authur Miller, John Proctor's pride is threatened by the Salem Witch trials. Proctor, like almost everyone else in Salem, is accused of witchcraft and working for the devil. Cracking under constant pressure and fed up with the attacks of the court, most of the accused confess; John Proctor, however, believes that he must stand for what is right, and protect his own reputation. Proctor greatly demonstrates the theme of pride throughout this play, for he would rather die than give up the good name he set for himself in Salem.
Pride can be defined positively and negatively, it can mean a sense of one's own proper dignity or value or self-respect, or an excessively high opinion of oneself or conceit, respectively. In the play which portrays both sides of pride we are transported to the late sixteen hundreds and introduced to the town of Salem in the province of Massachusetts Bay during the time of witch trials, and it’s excessively superstitious habitants. Some of the fictitious but notable habitants of the town are John Proctor, his wife Elizabeth Proctor and Reverend Hale, all of whom show various facets of pride, its benefits and its consequences.
The theme one could say in the play is, believing and spreading false accusations can be life threatening. In The Crucible, this happened quite often as people who had no relation to Abigail’s spell in the woods were accused of witchcraft. If they refused to confess to practicing witchcraft, they would be killed. If they confessed to practicing witchcraft, (even if it wasn’t true), they would be jailed and have their lives saved, but their reputations ruined forever. I think the author, Arthur Miller, is trying to teach readers and viewers a lesson that even innocent people can be accused of crimes they did not commit and to not believe everything we hear when people are panicking and are in fear. Abigail Williams is a prime example of spreading false accusations, even early on in the play when she falsely blames Tituba for everything Abigail says,“She made me do it! She made Betty do it! She makes me drink blood!”(23). In Salem, everyone was panicked and spreading rumors out of fear, and falsely accusing people of witchcraft, even unexpected people, like John Proctor’s maid, Mary Warren when she turned on him to save herself and said to him in court, “Don’t touch me - don’t touch me … you’re the Devil’s man!” (52). This betrayal and false accusation is what eventually causes Proctor to give up his fight.
The Crucible Pride is a normal emotion that every human carries with them. Parents can be Prideful of their child graduating or their daughter achieving her dream job, this pride is normal to have, but there is a limit on how much Pride we own. In the play “The Crucible” by Arthur MIller conveys his dak message warning us that pride can blind people to the truth. Pride makes betrayal easier in order to protect names, social status and the opinions other people have on them. Compliments and a high Social Status can build up our pride for bad and can lead to the harm of others.
One of the many works written and driven by Puritan influence, The Crucible by Arthur Miller has continued to influence life and thinkings. Its story tracing the 1692 Salem Witch Trials has been widely read, received and understood, along with influencing the reader and their ideals. The play has manifested into more than words on a page and has become of the greatest influences, even sixty years after its publication. Though its story has not changed and is merely a retelling of the original itself, its themes have greatly impacted its universal and enduring state.
The play, “The Crucible” is written by Arthur Miller in 1953. During this time of American history, a war had just ended and there was a deeply rooted fear of communists infiltrating American soil; Americans had begun to turn on each other out of fear that people around them were against American ideals. Arthur Miller expressed his concern for the time by writing “The Crucible,” which is written about a witch hunt that occurred in Salem, Massachusetts in 1692. Arthur Miller used the themes of an earlier American event to remind people of his time that their actions were indeed following a historical pattern of fear. The play, “The Crucible” takes place in America in a time of deeply rooted religion, fear of the unknown, and early civilization. The juxtaposition of this play, it’s characters, and the time in which the play was written, teaches a very difficult, yet important, lesson about fear and it’s position in a society of people.