Exchange Rate In Canada

Any sports one looks at can be classified as a money-making pit. Scouts looking at young talent ready to sign them for a quick buck and then once they stop producing, move on to the next potential talent. Baseball is the sport that is an industry dominated by trying to gain a profit from a region’s juvenile talent (Ruck). Since 1947, when Jackie Robinson broke the color barrier, there has been an increase in Latin American countries represented in MLB. More than a quarter of major league players are from Latin American, with about half of the minor league players being Latino (Ruck). On the opening day of the 2011 season, eighty-six players represented the Dominican Republic alone. That is more than a tenth of major leaguers (Ruck). One would

good scouting, marketing contracts, and good performance increase the roster value. In contrast, injuries and retirements decrease the value because the list of names of the players is constantly changing. Also the team revenues are influenced by the performance of their players, as better the team is playing more fans come to the games.

This paper addresses the issue of the extreme increases in salaries of major league baseball players. It looks at the effects of these increases on all areas of the game, from competitiveness, to fan appeal, to financial issues. It also looks at the different perspectives of all involved, including the owners, players, and the fans. Also shown in the paper are the possible solutions to the problem of baseball salaries, along with some of the possible negative outcomes in the future if nothing is done

Baseball is considered America's pastime as it is steeped in history and prestige. However, due in part to the emergence of alternative sporting events such as skateboarding, snowboarding and competitive biking, the profits previously garnered within the industry are not growing as fast as they once where. In fact, in many instances, individual player salaries are outpacing the growth of ticket and television revenue. Table 1 within the appendix was constructed by Michael J. Haupert, a professor at the University of Wisconsin. The table depicts TV revenue (excluding local markets), average ticket price, and average player salary from 1964 to 2002. For your convenience the pertinent information is highlighted in yellow. As depicted from the chart, total television revenue from 1964 to 2002 increased nearly 1000% on an inflation adjusted basis. During this same period however, player salaries have increase by over 2500%. Likewise, average ticket prices have not increased by this magnitude either (Haupert, 2010). Futhermore, according to the Forbes, every team in baseball with the exception of one (The Florida Marlins) spent at least 80% of their revenue on baseball operations last year. These operations include player salaries as well. The percentages vary and ranged from the Detroit Tigers who spent 116% of their revenue (operated at a loss), to the Marlins who spent 68%. Seventeen teams spent 90% or more on baseball operating expenses (Pasnanski, 2010). To many individuals,

Major League Baseball is the only major professional sport that does not have a salary cap (the maximum in total payroll that a team can pay its players). For example, the National Football League has a salary cap for 2004 of about $75 million and the National Basketball Association has a salary cap for 2004 of approximately $44 million. There are multiple reasons for a salary cap but two of the underlying reasons are parity (equality) and competitiveness. It is assumed that without a salary cap, large market teams such as New York, Los Angeles, and Chicago will be able to ‘buy up’ all the good players leaving the small market cities such as Minneapolis, Cincinnati, and Phoenix with the less-talented left-overs. Additionally, teams that win more games and make the playoffs and World Series receive extra revenue from TV, thereby creating even more of a discrepancy if large market teams have an advantage in winning more games and playing in the post-season.

The value of the Canadian dollar demonstrates how well the Canadian economy is doing compared to other countries. Likewise, in chapter three of Dinner Party Economics it is states that “money measures the standard of living” (19). The Canadian dollar either increases or decreases in value depending on the amount of goods and services purchased. Currently the Canadian dollar has dropped, which demonstrates how the Canadian government is doing a poor job improving the economy. The value of the Canadian dollar dropping causes inflation to occur, making too many Canadians save their money opposed to spending it. In chapter six it mentions that inflation is the real enemy of money (62). Therefore, in order to decrease inflation, spending money is essential. If Canadians do not spend their money, the increase of prices on goods and services will cause unemployment

May 13, 2013- A day that will go down in history as one of the most devastating days for fans of the Toronto Maple Leafs. After an 113 day lockout at the beginning of the season, the Leafs made the playoffs for the first time in 9 years. They were playing the Boston Bruins in the first round and made it all the way to game 7. Leafs fans around the world were glued to their TV 's as they watched their team build a seemingly impenetrable 4-1 lead with 15 minutes to go in the third period, all they had to do was hang on to it… The Bruins added a second goal with 9:18 remaining, and then the unthinkable happened. In the span of thirty-one seconds, Boston netted their third and fourth of the game to tie things up with only seconds remaining, sending the game to overtime. There 's nothing more exciting and nerve wracking than Game Seven overtime, but unfortunately for the Toronto Maple Leafs, their dreams of winning the cup were once again extinguished. They added another year since the last time they won the coveted Stanley Cup: 46 years and counting (now up to 48 years in 2016)-the longest drought without a Cup for any NHL team in history. Yet even with such a long drought without a cup, Maple Leaf fans remain some of the most loyal and dedicated in all of professional sports. The team also brings in some of the highest revenues in all of the NHL. How can a losing team be one of the most profitable? This paper will examine the case of the Toronto Maple Leafs from a number of

On August 8th, 1988 Wayne Gretzky gave a tearful farewell to Edmonton after being traded to the Los Angeles Kings. The Gretzky trade had effects beyond the two teams. The landscape of the National Hockey League changed in the years following the Gretzky trade. Ten years after the trade Anaheim, Dallas, Phoenix, Miami, San Jose, and Tampa were awarded NHL franchises. The National Hockey League’s southern expansion was partially driven by the attendance increase the Los Angeles Kings experienced after the Gretzky trade. The goal of this essay is to determine what drives attendance in Sun Belt cities. Our study should interest sports economists in academia and National Hockey league executives who make decisions on the league’s product placement. Team attendance is the dependent variable in the model and eleven independent variables were run in two different regressions. The first regression run was a Least Squares regression and the second was a time series regression. The time series regression was necessary to run since the results of the Least Squares regression may have been biased. The time series regression reveled two important conclusions. First, winning a championship had a positive and statistically significant impact on attendance in southern cities. Second, the time series regression illustrated that each city has special characteristics driving attendance that we cannot measure. This essay I will review other research papers on attendance at sporting

September 16, 2004 the National Hockey League had a labour dispute that led to a lockout. The dispute was about the end of the collective bargaining agreement (CBA). The National Football League has a working salary cap for the teams in their league. NHL is trying to establish the same type of system that the NFL has. The negotiation between the NHL Players association and the NHL did not come easy. The disagreements were that NHL clubs spent too much on player 's salary. The clubs spent over 76 percent of their revenue on the players. With the salary cap the NHL was trying to instill, players felt that the idea was unfair and inflexible. The players didn 't want to cut their salaries.

For that question, I believe that there is nothing to discuss. Whoever decided to come to Canada knew that they would be able to maintain their culture, their beliefs, and they cannot be discriminated for those. However, they have to follow the Canadian law, or they can face the consequences. There is no room for compromise if there is a difference in values. We have to remember that many people, especially women, escaped their countries so they can be safe from practices that are degrading or endangers them. What I like in Canada, is that everyone is under one flag, the Canadian. Everyone can be proud and maintain their own traditions and heritage, but we are Canadians

As a result of the effect that it has on the Canadian economy, hockey should be named Canada’s true national sport. Accounting for roughly one-third of the National Hockey Leagues ticket sale revenue, the seven Canadian hockey teams have a much larger market than the 23 American teams. Not including the newly added Winnipeg Jets, the six Canadian teams account for 31% of the $1.2 billion (U.S) sales ticket revenue of the NHL. This means that $341,000,000.00 (U.S) is contributing to the Canadian economy annually. The Toronto Maple Leafs has the largest franchise revenue at an estimated $119,000,000.00. The ticket revenue of the Toronto Maple Leafs is the highest in the NHL at $1.5 million per game. This is an astonishing amount in comparison to the Dallas Stars at $660,000. The construction of sport facilities could cost upwards to over $1 billion (U.S). With this in mind, Canadian hockey facilities (e.g.: the Air Canada Centre in Toronto, Ontario) revenue millions of dollars annually and creates thousands of jobs. Costing $265 million to build, the Air Canada Centre generates revenue of nearly $23 million annually. Additionally, large Canadian sponsors such as Air Canada, Molson Canadian, and Tim Hortons

It is generally assumed with sports teams that the more you pay, the more you win. Without further insight this sounds like a logical statement. But is it factual. Of the four major American sports leagues all but one have a salary cap. A salary cap is defined as the maximum amount a team can pay in player salaries before they are required to pay a luxury tax. Major League baseball is the only major American sports league to not utilize a salary cap, thus making it an exemplary model to investigate the abstract of this paper. There are several factors that determine the payroll of an MLB franchise such as media rights, concession sales, and ticket revenue. Media rights are not equal for all teams, thus some teams may have an unfair

The agreement seemed to be a victory for the owners, but they continued to pay big salaries to the players. Average salaries grew and started to exceed revenue growth. In 2004, the National Hockey League claimed that they had lost nearly two billion dollars in the past decade. In the negotiations, the league was focuses on the idea of the costs being certain. They would make sure that costs are certain by introducing a salary cap.

Established on November 26, 1917, the National Hockey League (NHL) has been showcasing the skills of the world’s best hockey players for nearly a century. The NHL is composed of 30 teams all over North America and has 50 million die-hard fans worldwide. But even with a total revenue of $4.1 billion, the NHL still experienced 4 work stoppages throughout its history. During the most recent lockout from September 15, 2012 until January 12, 2013, the players and the league weren’t the only ones who were affected. Many Canadians felt the impact of the lockout in their daily lives, which isn’t much of a surprise as hockey is Canada’s favourite sport.

One of the fundamental problems with Canadian hockey teams competing with their American counterparts is that Canadian teams pay all of the player's salaries and travel are in American currency. However, all the revenue from ticket sales, concessions and advertising is in Canadian currency. American teams have an advantage over their Canadian counterparts because all the money that was created from ticket sales, concessions and selling advertising is one-third more than what Canadian teams will make. This is because of a weaker Canadian dollar, 69 cents to one American dollar, means that Canadian franchises will always make one-third less from basic franchise profits as long as the Canadian dollar stays the same. "The teams are among Canada's fewest businesses that pay most of their salaries and expenses in U.S. dollars out of revenue earned in depressed Canadian dollars" (May p 2). This is a problem because the weaker Canadian dollar makes it harder for these franchises to run day-to-day operations (Duhatschek 7). "The result is