Exclusionary Practices Case Study

Background Hartford Public Schools (HPS) implements exclusionary discipline practices such as out-of-school suspension and expulsion, with 43310 student school days lost to discipline in 2009-2010. This loss of school time fell disproportionately and excessively against Black students, especially males. In the 2009-2010 school year, 52.3 percent of Black students and 64.8 percent of Black males enrolled in K-12 schools in HPS faced suspension or expulsion at least once compared to only 16.3 percent

that they are often ineptly applied, used unfairly against students of color and seemingly ineffective at producing better behavior. Also known as exclusionary discipline, the majority of offenses that led to OSS have not been centered around violence but instead emphasised issues of classroom insubordination and defiance. In some rather extreme cases

Exclusionary Rule Evaluation [In the many rulings that have come from Supreme Court decisions one of the most controversial is the exclusionary rule. The exclusionary rule arose from cases where the court discovered that evidence was being presented in court that was in violation to the Fourth Amendment. The court constructed the exclusionary rule to place restrictions on unreasonable search, seizure and presentation of evidence in court cases. To understand the nature of the rule the details of

justice system reveals one controversial statute facing our legal procedures and investigations: the exclusionary rule is an essential extension of the Fourth Amendment or the statue is an unnecessary law that is taken advantage of by criminals. The Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution protects Americans against unreasonable searches and seizures by law enforcement officials. The Exclusionary Rule, which mandates that evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment, is inadmissible in

concerned about drug use and gang activity among students, and dramatic events such as the shooting at Columbine High School further solidified fears about school safety. In response to these problems, many schools began implementing policies of exclusionary discipline, (Skiba & Rausch, 2006).  Such policies are generally based on the assumption that removing students from schools when they behave disruptively will create peaceful learning environments and deter others from engaging in similar patterns

through this process of ‘othering’ and the representations of it that the inclusion and exclusion of groups occurs, resulting in the subordination and domination of these groups (Hall, 2001). This essay will discuss these notions of inclusionary and exclusionary othering, specifically within the South African context. The importance of doing so lies in that various literature has been written on ‘othering’ however, most of it explores othering as an

freedom of speech, free religious practice, expansion and contraction of protections, and finally additional liberties to be protected beyond those specifically listed in the constitution. The first amendment includes the establishment clause that prevents government from establishing an official religion or giving more priority to one particular religion, people are given the freedom to practice their religion without any barriers. However, in Engel vs Vitale case, A New York State law required public

actions teachers, administrators, parents, and students follow to enhance student academic and social success.” How discipline is administered in a school has a significant impact on the overall school climate and academic success. In schools where exclusionary or punishing discipline methods are used, the school climate is viewed by students as punitive. In schools where educational and supportive behavior interventions are used, the school climate is viewed by students as constructive and supportive

Abstract The purpose of this paper is to design a comparative case study that will reveal a viable solution toward desegregation in community planning. The study will answer the question of why segregation persist in modern America and how can community planning desegregate communities in the future. By answering preliminary questions of: What is housing segregation and what are the problems, as a result? What are the casual effects on modern community planning? Can solutions be implemented to desegregate

of Hearsay The main reason for excluding hearsay from evidence is that its veracity cannot be vouched for sense the person who had made the statement would not be available in the court for cross-examination. The rule cannot be strictly invoked in case of confessions because here the maker of the statement is the accused himself who is a party to the proceedings. He obviously cannot cross-examine himself but can certainly, put forth a defence either denying 22 that he made such a statement or explaining