Exercise 2 Skeletal Muscle

Weight training is an important essential in life, but of course it’s not really needed. Weight training is a series of exercises that use weights for resistance. After lifting weights people feel different, like they have achieved greatness. Part of weight training is eating right and being healthy. In order to see progress good rest is required, or all the work done in the weight room was all for nothing.

1. Strength is operationally defined as the maximal force that can be exerted in a single effort. Using this definition, strength should be assessed using one repetition maximum (1 RM), though we often estimate strength using tests that may involve multiple repetitions.

Two of the main causes of poor posture are muscle tightness and muscle weakness, therefore it is important to design a stretching program to improve muscle length, as well as a resistance training program to improve strength.

Skeletal muscles allow us to move our bodies. They are composed of three different types of muscle fibers; slow-twitch (type 1), fast-twitch oxidative fibers (type 2a), and fast-twitch glycolytic fibers (type 2b).

Skeletal muscle contractions play a pivotal role in our day-to-day lives. Their main function is to generate force and provide our bodies with structural integrity. For many of us, muscle contractions seem effortless, but there’s actually quite a bit going on under the surface. Our muscles are composed of sarcomeres, units of skeletal muscle fibers, which are made up of actin and myosin contractile filaments. These filaments need to bind to each other in order to lengthen and shorten the sarcomere. However, the binding sites for actin and myosin are blocked by troponin and tropomyosin proteins. In order to get them off of the binding sites, calcium needs to bind to the troponin, which then lifts

During A, ACh has been released which made an action potential. Then at B, summation is occurring because the action potentials are happening in an extended period of time. The summation of the action potentials will cause the muscle fiber to not relax since it can’t lose any tension while action potentials are occurring. Afterwards, during C, tetanus occurs which is when the maximum level of contraction of muscle fiber is happening. Finally, at D, the tetanus decreases and shows that the action potentials are starting to generate at a lower rate which also represents the muscle fiber relaxing and losing its built up

Times available for general use: Not sure what you mean by this question. Most crowded times are around 4-7 PM. General public can go as long as they are open.

REVIEW SHEET EXERCISE 2 Skeletal Muscle Physiology NAME: Jasmine Young LAB TIME/DATE: 1. Define each of the following terms: • motor unit - A motor unit consists of a motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it innervates. • twitch - Skeletal Muscle twitch is the mechanical response to a single action potential. It has three phases known as the latent, contraction, and relaxation phase. • threshold - the threshold is the minimal stimulus needed to cause a depolarization of the muscle plasma membrane (sarcolemma.) The threshold is the point at which sodium ions start to move into the cell (instead of out of the cell) to bring about the membrane depolarization. • treppe - the progressive increase in force generated when a muscle is

2. What happens to the active force as the muscle length is increased from 50mm to 100mm?

Myosin head pivots and moves the thin filament closer to the M line (center structure of the H zone) proteins as the thick filament slides past

1. Heart is a hollow muscular organ located between the lungs in the mediastinum and pumps oxygenated blood to all parts of the body. Heart is present in the pericardial sac and has four chambers namely right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium and left ventricle and is separated into left and right side by a muscular wall called septum. Interatrial septum separates the two atria and interventricular septum separates two ventricles. The heart wall has three layers epicardium, myocardium and endocardium. Two large veins such as superior vena cava and inferior vena cava open in right atrium. Atria are superior, and ventricles are located inferiorly. Two atrioventricular valves namely tricuspid valve and mitral valve(bicuspid) and two semilunar

Malliaropoulos et.al (2012) defines a weak link as the most vulnerable and undependable section of something such as body muscles. It is vital for every exercise and fitness trainers, trainees and professional to understand the weakest links on their musts to ensure the training is impressive. In compound exercises, a group of body muscles work together as compared to practices. Muscles are analogized to chains, chains are said to be strong as their weakest links. The group of muscles may be working together, but a small weakness in it would make it snap and incapacitate it. For instance the muscles of limbs are strong and work together, however, weak back muscles limit the ability to push or pull a load. When doing fitness exercises such as sit-ups, press-ups, squats and pull-ups the muscles affects the amount of the training that are done. Athletes who have frail hamstrings often experience injuries as they limit strides they make while running (Malliaropoulos et.al, 2012). For efficient working muscles, the fitness should center on compound exercises that work together the several group of muscles rather than exercises that isolate particular

One activity that most people perform daily is exercising/walking. Exercise help with anyone health who isn’t in good health, and it help to relax the body and mind. Skeletal muscle is the muscle we normally attached to the moveable parts of the skeleton. They are capable of rapid, powerful contractions and long states of partially sustained contractions, allowing for voluntary movement. Skeletal muscle is striated having transverse bands that run down the length of muscle fiber. The muscle is under conscious control; and skeletal, because these muscles are attached to the skeleton. We can be alternating light bands of the thin protein filaments of action and dark bands of the thick protein filaments myosis muscle makes up about 40% of our

Definition: Reaction time is the amount of time it takes to respond to a stimulus

The study of the response of the sciatic nerve and the neuromuscular to the Rana pipens was constructed by the Comparative Animal Physiology lab manual for both the nerve compound action potential (Lab five) and the neuromuscular junction (Lab six) (Norris, et al.,2016). In order to analyze the responses of the sciatic nerve and the gastrocnemius of a Rana pipens, one exercise was selected from Lab five and five exercises were selected from Lab six. Both lab five and Lab six had a study length of three weeks to be performed. Therefore, the first experiment focused on the nerve compound action potentials, while the second experiment focus on the neuromuscular junction. In the first experiment, the only exercise analyzed (Exercise one), was the determination of the threshold voltage and the relationship between stimulus intensity and compound action potentials(CAP). On the second experiment, five exercises were analyzed, these experiments focused on the stimulus intensity and strength of contraction, the effect of stretch on contractile force, the effect of paired pulses on contraction force(summation), muscle tetanus, and muscle and nerve fatigue.