Exercise And Exercise : Aerobic Exercise

Aerobic capacity can be defined as the ability to persist in physical activities that rely on oxygen to keep producing energy to fuel the whole body for an extended period of time. Aerobic capacity uses the aerobic energy system, a system that is used for long-term energy and has unlimited amounts. As the middles role is to align and drive their team both forward and backwards, they must have a strong aerobic base to rely on. A game of forty minutes requires a long duration of energy and almost 20% of a touch game uses the aerobic energy

#2. What changes in Jim's muscles promote unloading of O2 from hemoglobin for use by the muscles cells?

About.com., 2013. Sports Medicine. [online] Endurance Training for Sports - What is Cardiovascular and Aerobic Fitness? Available at: [Assessed 15 May 2013].

As stated before the three energy systems used by the body are the ATP-PC, anaerobic glycolysis and aerobic system. The ATP-PC and anaerobic glycolysis system (also known as lactic acid system) are anaerobicly based meaning that they don’t need a sufficient amount of oxygen to produce ATP. The aerobic system requires oxygen to produce ATP hence its name. All three system have fuels’ which produce energy. The ATP-PC uses phoso creatine and creatine phosphate, the lactic acid system uses glycogen and the aerobic system uses glycogen and triglycerides . Glycolysis refers to the breaking down of glycogen to from glucose which is used in ATP.

Metabolism comprises of a vital set of biochemical reactions that all living organisms require to sustain life. For a marathon runner, their physiological response to strenuous exercise depletes both their fats and carbohydrate storage in order to supply energy in the form of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP). ATP is the energy form that the human body uses for biological processes such as movement and synthesis of biomacromolecules. In regards to running a marathon, the athlete is capable of using a combination of both anaerobic and aerobic pathways, but these different systems predominate at different intervals in order to increase the energy allowed for the muscles.

Exercising is an activity that requires the actions of multiple body organ systems. Each system performs its specific tasks, but all of the systems must work together to allow effective total body function during exercising.

Lactate is then converted back into glucose by the liver. The liver is using an aerobic reaction to produce ATP. It takes 6 ATP from the liver during the cori cycle to produce 2 ATP for the muscle cells. Cells would not be able to survive long in a single muscle cell because it does not have the liver to produce more ATP and to convert lactate back into glucose (Hudon-Miller, 2012).

Introduction: Exercise is a physical activity or particular movement that is used in order to become healthier and stronger. (1) Exercise, in all of its forms, has various effects on the different systems in the human body. One of the main benefits is cardiovascular health, including circulation and heart health. Exercise uses a lot of energy, which the cells derive from oxidising glucose. Meaning that the heart has to work harder to pump more blood throughout the body and the heart has to beat faster in order to achieve a high effort. (2) The heart benefits from exercise include being able to pump more blood through the body and continue working at a higher level with less strain. (3)

For muscles to work adenosine triphosphate (ATP) must be created. But because ATP is not stored in large amounts, as soon as you start to work your muscles need to produce more ATP. The fuels you need are nutrients and you also produce metabolic waste.

Aerobic exercise is an endurance activity which lasts longer than one minute and utilizes large muscle groups, using oxidative phosphorylation to extract energy from ATP (Chamari & Padulo, 2015). Anaerobic exercise is a short duration activity that uses glycolysis and fermentation to extract energy from ATP (patel et al., 2017). Cardio exercise refers to aerobic exercise that lasts ten minutes or more and causes the heart to beat faster and breathing rate to increase (Pate et al., 1995). Resistance training utilizes both anaerobic and aerobic forms of exercise, depending on intensity and intervals of activity, and stimulates muscle synthesis while simultaneously increasing muscle breakdown (Kerksick et al., 2005).

As we eat protein, fat and carbohydrates, as the main energy source, carbohydrates or glucose (simple sugar) break down into complex molecules. We need steady supply of glucose in between meals and at times like doing extensive workouts, there is an elevated demand for

Muscles need energy in the form of ATP to perform. In muscle cells, ATP can be produced by aerobic respiration or by anaerobic respiration. For most of our daily activities, our muscles are working aerobically. They are using glucose and oxygen in a series of chemical reactions that will ultimately produce water, carbon dioxide and energy in the form of ATP. Sometimes, however, our muscles must perform intense, rapid, repetitive movements, like sprinting 100 meters. In these instances of intense exercise, the muscle fibers must use anaerobic respiration, specifically the type which produces lactic acid. In this process, also known as glycolysis, 2 ATP molecules are used to break down a single molecule of glucose into 2 molecules of pyruvic

During intense activites, anaerobic energy is the major contributor for 1 to 3 minutes. Because of intense muscle contractions, there is a limited oxygen supply from the constricted blood vessels.

Physical fitness has two main classifications-performance related and health related. People have different performance related requirements in accordance with their occupation but all people have the same health related requirements (The World). Then there are two types of exercise that helps tone a person’s body while increasing its endurance. These are aerobic and anaerobic. Aerobic exercise is exercise that uses the muscles and bones. Cardio activities are a good example of this, such as running or biking. This type of exercise increases the strength of a person’s heart and boosts their lung capacity. Anaerobic exercise is an intense but short amount of exercise (Payment). Since it is only for a brief amount of time, it does not require the amount of oxygen aerobic exercise does. Instead it uses glycogen which comes from the sugar in a person’s blood. An example of this exercise is weight lifting or sprinting. A person’s requires both anaerobic and aerobic exercise for good health. Simply doing a cardio work out is not healthy, and for a person to see real results there must be some activity like weight lifting (“Anaerobic”).

The benefits of physical exercise in humans far outweighs the harmful effects associated with exercise. A prescription of physical activity has been known to delay the onset or prevention of many chronic diseases. An improvement in heart function, lower blood pressure and improve functional capacity is noticed after just a few weeks of exercising. Physical activity will also result in an increase of lean muscle mass, promote weight maintenance, increased flexibility, and a generally stronger more fit individual. Conversely, exercise when preformed strenuously or obsessively can counteract such positive effects, bringing up some issues like oxidative stresses, injuries, and