Experiment 8 Limiting Reactant

As a group, we obtained our salt mixture of calcium chloride and potassium oxalate, and weighed the mixture. We were able to make an aqueous solution from the mixture and distilled water. We boiled and filtered off the solution, leaving the precipitate. Once the precipitate was dried overnight, it was weighed and the mass was measured. Then we calculated the moles of the precipitate.

The purpose of this experiment was to determine the percent by mass in a hydrated salt, as well as to learn to handle laboratory apparatus without touching it. The hydrated salt, calcium carbonate, was heated with high temperature to release water molecules. Gravimetric analysis was used in this experiment to determine the percent by mass of water in a hydrated salt. The hypothesis of this experiment was accepted on the basis that the percent by mass of volatile water in the hydrated salt would be fewer than 30%. The percent by mass was determined by the mass of water loss devised by the mass of hydrated salt multiplied by total capacity

In this design report, the the calculations needed to create precisely two grams of precipitate from a reaction has been determined. 4 grams of water was added to the 2.94 grams of Calcium Chloride, and 10 grams of water was added to the 2.12 grams of Sodium Carbonate in an attempt to create two grams of precipitate. The final mass of the Calcium Chloride and Sodium Carbonate was 2.037 grams, resulting in a percent error of 1.85%.

In reference to the analysis of anions, Table 1 shows that a precipitate was formed when our unknown was combined with HNO3 and AgNO3, thus indicating the presence of a chloride ion. Because our unknown did not form a precipitate due to HCl and BaCl2, separate, effervesce, or smell, we concluded that neither sulfate, nitrate, carbonate nor

The methods used for part one was (I) to pick between part A or part B. (II) weigh out the part that you picked. And lastly (III) let the chemicals precipitate when adding distilled water. The methods that were used during the second part of the lab was to calculate how much of the compounds that you need than to add 5ml distilled water to both and combine together. What was found in this lab was which chemical compound from the product of the equation is the limiting reactant.

In this experiment, the limiting reactant of all trials was the magnesium while the excess reactant was the hydrochloric acid. This means that, in this reaction, the magnesium is used up completely first, leaving extra hydrochloric acid behind. This was found through stoichiometry, as the reactants were converted into each other through mass-mass calculations. As such, through stoichiometry, it was discovered that magnesium was the limiting reactant as 2.5 grams of magnesium requires 7.5g or 7.5ml (Note: 1g = 1ml) of hydrochloric acid to react. On the other hand, 50g of hydrochloric acid requires approximately 17g of magnesium to react, which is far from the original amount had. Likewise, if 2.5g of magnesium, the largest amount of magnesium

The purpose of this experiment was to determine the molar solubility, the solubility constant, and the effect of a common ion on the molar solubility of calcium hydroxide. To accomplish this the experiment was split into two parts; part A and Part B. in Part A of the experiment a standardized 0.05 M solution of HCl was titrated into a 25 mL solution of saturated Ca(OH)2 which contained 2 drops of orange methyl identifier. Once the titration began, the HCl was added until the methyl orange endpoint was reached, and as a result the volume of the HCl needed for the endpoint to be reached could be used in

1. Limewater Test: As we exhaled CO2 in the limewater solution, the CO2 reacted with Ca(OH)2 and changed the clear colorless limewater solution to precipitated white solution. The precipitation was caused due to the calcium in the limewater solution. It took us 5 attempts to turn the clear colorless limewater solution to a milky white solution. 2.

One of the major error was human error, during the procedure of the experiment we were unable to properly filtrate the solution due to the precipitate falling through with the HNO3 (aq) and Cu(NO3) (aq) solutions

In the experiment we were determining the chemical formulas for the hydrated, and dehydrated samples. The purpose of this was to asses our knowledge of chemical formulas, and how they relate to each other.

have an effect on its pH. A more detailed information about the procedure can be found in

In this experiment, the Ksp for calcium sulfate dihydrate, CaSO4·2H2O, by titrating 4 times a calcium sulfate dihydrate solution with diprotic EDTA, H2(EDTA)2-. For each trial we found the Ksp by means of molarities and activities. The results for the Ksp using only molarities was very different than the Ksp using activities. The average Ksp using molarity only was 2.26 x 10-4 and the average Ksp using activity turned out to be 2.31 x 10-5. The actual Ksp however, is 3.14 x 10-5. A percent error of 26.6 % was calculated.

The cations in both the known and unknown samples were identified by using qualitative analysis, of which were determined to be acidic, basic, or neutral by using litmus paper. Acid-base reactions, oxidation-reduction reactions, and the formation of complex ions are often used in a systematic way for either separating ions or for determining the presence of specific ions. When white precipitate formed after adding hydroxide, aluminum ion was determined to be present in the solution. However, nickel was determined to test positive when the solution changed to a hot pink color after adding a few drops of dimethylglyoxime reagent and iron was present when the solution was a reddish brown color when sodium hydroxide was added to the mixture at the very beginning of the experiment. Qualitative analysis determines that ions will undergo specific chemical reactions with certain reagents to yield observable products to detect the presence of specific ions in an aqueous solution where precipitation reactions play a major role. The qualitative analysis of ions in a mixture must add reagents that exploit the more general properties of ions to separate major groups of ions, separate major groups into subgroups with reactions that will distinguish less general properties, and add reagents that will specifically confirm the presence of individual

This report discusses a laboratory procedure to study the effect of reactant concentration on the rate of the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium thiosulfate, with the aim of determining the order of each reactant and the rate law for the reaction.

3. Heat the beaker until it is boiling. Use a glass rod to stir the solution vigorously, while adding 10ml of 10% barium chloride solution from a measuring cylinder drop-by-drop.