Experiment Into the Impact of Automatic Processing on Identifying Ink Colour on Colour Related and Colour Neutral Words

In experiment 1, participants were instructed to press a key to determine if the stimulus was red, blue, yellow, or green. On the second half of the experiment, the stimulus appeared in grey with only one colored letter which was positioned randomly. Error rates for the experiment were below 2.5% for each condition, which is quite low. Experiment 2 was the same as experiment 1 except that there were 114 data collections instead of 288 and there were 36 practice trials instead of 72. According to experiment 1 and 2 it is suggested that the effect of

Colorful words are words that can be used to provide a picture or show an emotion. Some people may be blessed with the gift of colorful writing, but other writers like me, face dilemmas while trying to make the upmost beautiful sentence. Most amateur writers such as myself use plain, easy, or boring words to describe our sentences; consequently, they provide no life to the sentences. Colorful words are used to illuminate dull sentences, but these words may be put in the completely wrong context. Roberts says, “A writer’s work is a constant struggle to get the right word in the right place” (Roberts 233).

If the response time for this experiment by saying the word” now” falls between 100 and 200 milliseconds, I would conclude that

The independent variable was represented by three conditions; three word lists printed in a variety of color inks. Two of the lists consisted of word colors; one in black ink and the other in incongruent colors. The third list consisted of square blocks in contrasting colors. The dependent variable was the time taken to name the black ink words, the square block colors, and the color names in

The reaction timer from Maths Is Fun (2014) is specific to three decimal places. The accuracy of the chosen source reduces the risk of statistical measures being slightly greater or less than they would be if only one or two decimal places were provided. Unlike other reaction timers that are available online, this particular source requires the subject to complete five trials before the mean is calculated. Undertaking multiple trials will be vital to this investigation because if the subject was to anticipate the event or have one delayed response, the trials that follow would reveal such errors, therefore increasing the reliability of the results.

It was found that tasks involving colors cause more interference. These two studies were similar to the present experiment, as they both required participants to verbally name colors while inhibiting themselves from naming the typed color, as fast as possible.

The Stroop experiment by J. Ridley Stroop in 1935 was performed in order to analyze the reaction time of participant’s stimuli and desired results while also obtaining a collective result of color interference and word reading(Stroop, 1935; Lee & Chan, 2000). In the experiment three forms of the test were given, the first consisting of color patches, the second had the color words printed in black and the other was an incongruent test beaming the color did not match the color word

The trials for each of the six conditions were presented in a random order. The experimenter controlled for differences among participants by having them set their own equiluminant point for the cue stimuli and eliminated luminance differences by embedding the stimuli in a random luminance noise. The experimenter also controlled for outliers by eliminating response

The order of these trials were shown at random. All stimuli were shown for 200 milliseconds.

Ink can be defined as a pigmented substance which can be used to create markings on a surface; however, over the course of history ink has been composed of different materials. The earliest form of ink known to historians, Indian Ink, was created around 2500 BC by the Chinese. This ink was a mixture of soot from pine smoke, lamp oil from animal skins, and musk. Scholars and scribes used this it to record information such as farm accounts, religious texts, and possessions and the people who owned them. Further down the timeline, Europeans created Iron Gall Ink from crushed gall nuts, iron or copper salt, and comarabic (which held the mixture together). Because of its durable nature, people such as Bach, Leonardo Da Vinci, and Van Gogh used it

In the experiment, a ruler was dropped and a test subject reacted as fast as they could to catch it. The ruler was first dropped while they were concentrated and looking at the ruler. Then, it was dropped while the test subject was distracted by reading a paper out loud. When the ruler was dropped, the test subject caught it aThe reaction time of someone who is distracted will be slower than someone who is concentrated. nd recorded where their thumb and forefinger landed.

Word recognition involves an individual’s ability to identify words independently without requiring related words for contextual help. A widely examined topic in the field of cognitive psychology, it deals with understanding printed letters as a word which has been kept in the lexicon. The word frequency effect is important in the recognition of words. It suggests more common words in printed language are easier, faster and more accurate to distinguish than words that appear less frequently. Outlined in their journal article, Howes and Solomon utilized Thorndike-Lorge’s word count for word frequency and measured the threshold of recognition. They found correlation coefficients of -.68 to -.75 between word frequency and threshold or duration.

The reaction time (RT) of students was measured in the experiment to determine whether light or sound stimulus initiates a quicker response time. The question of whether or not RT was related to movement time (MT) was also challenged. Each student performed two test in random order; one testing the reaction time of a red light stimulus, or visual reaction time (VRT); and the other testing the reaction time of a “beeping” sound stimulus, or auditory reaction time (ART). The student completed the VRT trial by simply receiving the stimulus and pressing a button. The student placing and holding their hand on a button starts the ART trial. Once the student receives the stimulus (beep) they press the adjacent button as fast as they can. The ART trial does not only include the data of the RT, but also the data from the MT. Having previous knowledge that light travels faster than sound; one can predict that VRT is faster than ART. The prediction that MT is independent upon RT can be made with the thought that there are so many opposing variables that could affect the MT of an individual unrelated RT such as old age

We are replicating J.R. Stroop’s original experiment The Stroop Effect (Stroop, 1935). The aim of the study was to understand how automatic processing interferes with attempts to attend to sensory information. The independent variable of our experiment was the three conditions, the congruent words, the incongruent words, and the colored squares, and the dependent variable was the time that it took participants to state the ink color of the list of words in each condition. We used repeated measures for the experiment in order to avoid influence of extraneous variables. The participants were 16-17 years of age from Garland High School. The participants will be timed on how long it takes them to say the color of the squares and the color of the words. The research was conducted in the Math Studies class. The participants were aged 16-17 and were students at Garland High School. The results showed that participants took the most time with the incongruent words.

Abstract—Character Recognition by machines is an innovative way by which the dependence on manpower is reduced. Character recognition provides a reliable alternative of converting manual text into digitized format. Now-a-days, as technology becomes integral part of human life, many applications have enabled the incorporation of English OCR for real time inputs. The advantages that the English alphabet has is its simplicity offered by less number of letters i.e. 26 and easier classification due to the concept of lowercase and uppercase. If we consider Devnagari script in this scenario, we will come across myriad hurdles because this script lacks the simplicity of English. The concept of fused letters, modifiers, shirorekha and spitting similarities in some letters make recognition difficult. Also, character recognition for handwritten text is far more complex than that for machine printed characters. This is because of the versatility and different writing techniques adopted by people. The direction of strokes, pressure applied on writing equipments, quality of writing equipment and the mentality of the writer itself highly affects the written text. These problems when combined with the intricate details of Devnagari script, the complications in constructing a HCR of this script are increased. The proposed system focuses on these two issues by adopting Hough transform for detecting features from lines and curves. Further, for classification, SVM is used. These two methods