Explain Briefly the Physiological Process of Hearing in Humans. Which Factors Affect Our Hearing in Terms of Perception of Loudness and Pitch, and What Part Does Psychoacoustics Play in Our Perception of Sound? Then,

The ear is an extraordinary human organ that many people take for granted until it doesn’t function. It is the only device that allows the human to hear sounds in their environment. The ear is made up of many parts that distinguish various sounds through different means. The ear anatomy and physiology along with how sound waves are transmitted into meaningful sounds will help one understand how hearing loss occurs.

This essay will reflect my thoughts on chapter 9. In brief this chapter deals with how the ears allow us to be able to hear and process sound. When I first think of sound I think of the frequency. This makes me think of songs that I listen too in order to determine it 's a high frequency or a low frequency. I 'll be able to determine the amount of hertz that are in songs on the radio. I do feel that it would be hard to determine because most of that music is reordered, hearing people sing a cappella would be easier to determine the amount of hertz present. I know what hertz are, but I 'm still not sure how they are actually determined? Are they sounds just determined by our brain if we have unimpaired hearing. How would someone like my brother with a whole in his ear be able to determine frequency?

interpreted by sound receptors on the skin. This is transmitted to the brain for integration before

Sound waves are nothing more than an energy transfer through a medium be it through a liquid, solid, or a gas. Sound pressure or intensity is measured on logarithmic scale in decibels dB which increases on an order of magnitude. For instance a quiet conversation would be around 30 dB and whereas the human pain threshold would be just over 100 dB. While the pitch or frequency of the sound is measured in hertz or Hz, the higher the hertz the higher the pitch of the sound and vice versa (Hildebrand, 2004).

Have you ever wondered why our ears are shaped the way they are? The curves and dips in or ears help us receive the longitudinal waves in the air. After we hear a noise, the temporal lobe in our brain allows us to comprehend that sound.

Sound is very interesting and has many topics to discuss on what systems we use to understand all of it. Humans brains are very important for sounds and vibrations but so are our ears. Ears are how we hear and gather sounds and our brain is used for understanding and processing all of the sounds and vibrations we have previously

R Studio was used to calculate the statistics in this experiment. We compared participant’s perception of sounds (proportion of voiced responses) with stimuli of different laterality and precursor. A voiced sound is a speech sound produced with the vibration of the vocal cords while devoiced sound is one produced with no vibration of the vocal cord. Data from 19 participants were included in the analysis. Each participant listened to 4 different types of sound: 1) Laterality of 0 (sounds presented with equal amplitude) and a precursor of 1. For example, “span” seemed to be presented to the center sounding like “s-pan.” 2) Laterality of 150 (sounds presented with opposing amplitude) and a precursor of 1. For example, “s” seemed to be presented to the right while “pan” is to the left, or vice versa. 3) Laterality of 0 (sounds presented with equal

Audition is the term used to define hearing, and involves sound waves, which are interpreted by our brains to help us distinguish individual sounds. The process of hearing starts in the outer ear, which sends sound waves to the ear drum. The ear drum vibrates and hits the tiny bones in the middle ears, followed by the stirrup, one of the tiny bones, to hit the oval window of the cochlea. Vibrations from the striking of the oval window cause waves in the fluid in the inner ear to deflect the basilar membrane. Hair cells are bent, then interact with the auditory nerve, followed by neural impulses being passed onto the brain which translate the impulse into information that tells us what sound was just heard.

The snail like shape of the cochlear effectively boosts the strength of the vibrations caused by sound, especially for low pitches. When sound waves hit the ear drum, tiny bones in the ear transmit the vibrations to the fluid of the cochlea, where they travel along a tube that winds into a spiral. The tube’s properties gradually change along its length, so the waves grow and then die away, much as an ocean wave travelling towards the shore gets taller and narrower before breaking at the beach.

A sound source in space will stimulate both ears. Experiments with headphones have suggested that the side on which a source is heard depends on timing and intensity differences at the two ears. A sound source on one side will stimulate the nearest ear first, because the sound path to that ear is shorter. This cue is particularly important for low-frequency sounds, because with low-frequency sounds, the phase differences at the two ears produced by the difference in path length are unambiguous. The intensity at the nearest ear will also be greater, because the farther ear is shadowed by the head. Localization depending only on these binaural cues lead to potential ambiguities, because they do not give information on the elevation of a sound source, or whether the source is in front of or behind the head. Information on these is contributed by the pinna, which for high-frequency sounds produces further shadows and reflections. The cues from the pinna also mean that some localization is possible when using only one ear.

Hypothesis: People who are exposed to loud music at least once every day in day to day life will have lower hearing capacity percentages than those who are not exposed to loud music at least once daily in day to day life.

How I know what I do is a direct result of previous experience, either firsthand or through a secondary source, and it’s how I and all people grow and learn. However, if just for a moment I can put aside those associations and biases, some of which are perhaps instinctive and neuroscientific in nature, I gain a new perspective on what I observe. I entered this exercise with expectations and left with a new understanding of not only the soundscape, but of my own preconceptions.

The McGurk effect, Shows that human senses interact with each other, and how information from one sense can impact and dominate another sense. It shows how the brain automatically combines the visual and auditory information in our perception of speech. This multi modal perception demonstrates that the senses did not develop in isolation (Kuhl, 2017). The potential for manipulating sense perception in this way, opens up some interesting auditory illusions, which can be exploited by the

The experiment could be changed to have a more accurate answer if more frequencies were tested. This would give a wider range of frequencies to make absolutely sure that every frequency as it gets lower the wavelength gets longer. This experiment answered my primary question with specific and meaningful data.

Whoever starts making the measurement of sound intensity should have basic knowledge of its limitations and errors. Many researchers are focusing more in identifying and studying the errors and limitations of measurement of sound intensity, the study of errors and limitations is attracting the researchers more to look into measurement of sound intensity. This preoccupation with errors and limitations is not the result of a particularly gloomy disposition among the members of the ‘intensity community’; it results from the disturbing observation that the accuracy of sound intensity measurements depends strongly on the sound field under study, in combination with the fact that small