Pre-Lab Questions
1. How could you test to see if an enzyme was completely depleted during an experiment?
My understanding is that enzymes have the capacity of acceleration a biochemical reaction without being consumed or depleted (Santhosh, 2017). However, a possible way to detect if the enzyme is still reacting is by seeing if the reaction is still occurring. For instance, in experiment two, after about a minute, the reaction stopped bubbling and producing gases.
2. Describe an experiment that could test the hypothesis that an enzyme binds to a substrate when it acts.
3. List three conditions that would alter the activity of an enzyme. Be specific with your explanation.
As stated in the introduction, three conditions that may affect enzyme activity are salinity, temperature, and pH. In experiment two, we explored how temperature can affect enzymatic activity. Since most enzymes function best at their optimum temperature or room temperature, it was expected that the best reaction is in this environment. The higher the temperature that faster the reaction unless the enzyme is denatured because it is too hot. Similarly, pH and salinity can affect enzyme activity.
4. Take a look around your house and identify household products that work by means of an enzyme. Name the products, and indicate how you know they work with an enzyme.
Most household cleaning products work by using enzymes. In my house, I found laundry detergent, dishwashing soap, and the soap itself. The
In the experiment we used Turnip, Hydrogen Peroxide, Distilled Water, and Guaiacol as my substances. On the first activity, Effect of Enzyme concentration of Reaction Rate for low enzyme concentration, we tested three concentrations of the turnip extract, and hydrogen peroxide. For the Turnip Extract I used 0.5 ml, 1.0 ml, and 2.0 ml. For hydrogen peroxide we used 0.1 ml, 0.2 ml, and 0.4 ml. We used a control to see the standard, and used a control for each enzyme concentration used. The control contains turnip extract and the color reagent, Guaiacol. We prepared my substrate tubes separately from the enzyme tubes. My substrate tube
Used to see if the temperature of the water is at 37oc – 40oc and if
Enzyme catalysis is dependant upon factors such as concentration of enzyme and substrate, temperature and pH. These factors determine the rate of reaction, and an increase in temperature or pH above the optimum will
Students will be observing normal catalase reaction, the effect of temperature on enzyme activity, and the effect of pH on enzyme activity in this experiment. The enzymes will all around perform better when exposed in room temperature than when it is exposed to hot and cold temperatures. This is based on the fact that the higher the temperature, the better the enzymes will perform, but as the temperature reaches a certain high degree, the enzymes will start to denature, or lose their function.
Hypothesis: I believe the rate of reaction will speed up as the temperature increases until it reaches about 37oC, which is the body temperature, where it will begin to slow down and stop reacting. I believe this will occur because enzymes have a temperature range at which they work best in and once the temperature goes out of this range the enzyme will stop working.
Question: How does changing enzyme concentration or temperature affect the reaction time of enzyme activity?
These results show how temperature of extreme high, or low affects enzyme activity. The highest rate of enzyme activity occurred at 37 Cº. Anything that was hotter or cold than 37 Cº slowed the reaction rate. As I thought, 100 degrees would denature the enzyme, and that was the case. The data provided shows exactly what temperatures enzymes work best, and worst. The objective was achieved as we discovered the different reaction rates under different temperatures. The results are reliable, as we know enzymes do not work well when under extreme heat or denaturation occurs. What I learned in this experiment was that enzymes don’t work well under cold temperatures because they tend to move slower. My hypothesis did not quite match, because I thought they work best at lower temperatures.
What other conditions that may affect the action of enzymes? Substrates could affect the action of the
An Enzyme is a protein, which is capable of starting a chemical reaction, which involves the formation or breakage of chemical bonds. A substrate is the surface or material on or from which an organism lives, grows, or obtains its nourishment. In this case it is hydrogen peroxide. This lab report will be explaining the experiment held to understand the effects of the changes in the amount of substrate on the enzyme’s reaction.
chemical reactions. Enzymes have a set of conditions at which they work perfectly; this is known
Enzymes are a key aspect in our everyday life and are a key to sustaining life. They are biological catalysts that help speed up the rate of reactions. They do this by lowering the activation energy of chemical reactions (Biology Department, 2011).
Hydrogen Peroxide, or H2O2, is harmful to most living organisms but can be converted to oxygen and water before the damage is permanent. This is thanks to enzymes, the biological catalysts that increase the rate of reactions. Enzymes can be studied by measuring the rates of enzyme-catalyzed reactions. This can be done in a number of ways, including measuring the pressure of the product as it appears, measuring the rate of disappearance of the substrate, and measuring the rate of appearance of a product.
Describe an experiment (assay) that could be used to determine the kinetic parameters of your enzyme.
The Effect of low pH on Enzyme Activity Frank Keith Welsh, BIO 102, Fall semester Today I will be providing an experiment on the effects of pH on enzymes. Enzymes are affected by changes in pH. Exceptionally high or low pH values commonly cause in complete loss of activity for most enzymes. Furthermore to include temperature and pH there are other elements, such as ionic strength, that can shake the enzymatic reaction. To each of these both physical and chemical parameters should be considered and optimized for an enzymatic reaction to be precise.
Living organisms must undergo chemical reactions of cellular metabolism to maintain life. This process is performed with the help of the active site found on the enzyme. The active site is sensible to changes that are made to the enzyme, so when a factor that affects the enzyme is present, the reaction rate will be affected. In this experiment the effects of enzyme concentrations, substrate concentrations, temperature concentrations and adding an inhibitor on the enzyme’s reaction rate will be tested. In activity one, if the enzyme concentration is fairly low, then adding more enzyme concentration will cause the substrates to attach onto the enzyme and be changed into the products. In activity two, if the substrate concentration is not restricted,