Explain The Characteristics Of PPBS In Overcoming Weakness In LIBS

Budget management analysis is used by mangers as a tool and helps determine that all resources available are being used efficiently. The budgets are determined yearly and are based upon the previous year’s budget and variances. This paper will discuss specific strategies to manage budgets within forecast, compare five to seven expense results with budget expectations, describe possible reasons for variances, give strategies to keep results aligned with expectations, recommend three benchmarking techniques, and identify those that might improve budget accuracy, and justify the choices made.

Budget preparation is a process with designated groups and individuals having defined responsibilities. According to Irene S. Rubin “ The public budget process mediates between organizations and individuals who want different things and determines who gets what out of the budget.”1The Government set up an annual budget that includes people perspectives, opinions , accountability and than determine how the budget will get divided based on protected interests. Moreover, Public budgeting determines how government spend money, provide necessary resources , and limit government expenditures to prevent overspending.

In cases where funding is low, a government should put funding in priority A. Such cases should only temporarily withhold B. funding if A. does not have enough to sustain basic of operation, including electricity, staff and sound building structure. This descend into paternalism, in that a government chooses what it believes is right for the citizens. If actions are not supported by populous, government may revoke the action, or apologize if actions completed or be overturned (not all actions mentioned,multiple other courses of actions are permissible to undertake).

“To budget is to fight over money and the things money buys” (Document A). The federal budget is adjusted every year and has to follow certain criteria set forward by the Preamble to the Constitution. The Preamble sets five goals that the budget must fulfill, these goals are: to establish justice, to insure domestic tranquility, to provide for the common defence, to promote the general welfare, and to secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our prosperity. Furthermore, it is difficult to decide what clusters of the federal budget to allocate money to in order to meet the five goals of the Preamble which are “The Big Five”, “The Middle Five”, and “The Little Guys.” In each of the three budget clusters,

This research paper is a brief discussion of budget management analysis. Budgeting is the key to financial management, and is the key to translates an organization goals or plan into money. Budgeting is a rough estimate of how much a company will need to get their work done, and provides the basis for evaluating performance, a source of motivation, coordinating business activities, a tool for management communication and instructions to employees. Without a budget an organization would be like a driver, driving blinded without instructions or any sense of direction, that’s how important a budget is to every organization and individual likewise (Clark, 2005).

The General Fund (Fund 10) includes funding from the federal, state, and local governments. Examples of revenues and expenditures from this fund are taxes, interest on investments, salaries, and instructional costs. The Special Fund (Fund 20) is monies allotted for specific programs; Special Education being the largest portion. Having a Special Fund provides an additional layer of accountability to the government and taxpayers that the public funds are being distributed according to their intention. For instance, s restrictive grant indicates that the money must be spent according to the criteria. The Capital Fund (Fund 30) is dedicated to projects or improvements such as building an addition to a school. In order for districts to afford capital projects, they bond for the money which requires voter approval and results in a tax levy. Lastly, is the Debt Service Fund (Fund 40) that illustrates the

Performance Budget: Performance budget is compilation of programs and activities of different departments. It focuses on

Should the Federal Budget be spent evenly or are some categories more important than others? There were goals for the United States when it was created, it is called the Preamble. The United States wants to fulfill these goals, however they have a budget. The government hasn’t been spreading the money evenly between the categories. (BGE) The category of the Big Five has way too much of the budget. If we spent more money on other categories, will the government be able to fulfill the goals of the Preamble? Within each of the three budget clusters -the Big Five, the Middle Five, and the Little Guys - several changes should be made because the amount of money the government is spending on one cluster isn’t benefitting our country.

The federal budget is an annual plan created by the president of the United States that sets a certain amount of money to fund different federal expenses such as national defense, transportation, and income security, in fact; the federal expenses are divided into two categories, mandatory and discretionary spending. Mandatory spending is any expenditure that is required by legislation in which Medicare and Social Security are the main funded programs. In addition, discretionary spending is spending not mandatory but decided by congress based on appropriations in which it funds education, agriculture,and administration of justice, just to name a few. The federal budget is created using the constitution’s preamble as a guideline in order for

The U.S. government budget is made up of different content that present financial proposals from the President with advised importance for ration of revenue from the local government. More importantly, the budgets focus being the budget year. This is the next budgetary year where changes would have to be made by Congress. The budget not only covers the present year, but the next 4 years after the budget year to be able to resonate the outcome of budget verdicts past the extended term. This includes funding zones given for the present year in order for the reader to be able to make a comparison of Presidential budget propositions and the newest executed zones. Here the President starts the lengthy procedure of creating a budget by means of policy guidelines, at least 9 months prior sending his budget proposal off to Congress. Following the guidelines, the Budget Office along with Federal agencies create a policy for the present and future budget years.

Budget formulation and use are tools that guide many decision making strategies in business. The measures that are least effective could create an avalanche of catastrophic events that can negatively impact the decision making strategies. It is in the best interest of the pertinent parties to draft an operating budget based on a collective set of information relating to organizational vision and mission. Ineffective measures can be catastrophic based on the foundation for measures used in creating the budget. Among the many issues organizations face that relates to creating an effective operating budget results from poor

Budgetary control is part of overall organisation control and is concerned primarily with the control of performance. The use of budgetary control in performance management has of late taken on greater importance especially as a more integrative control mechanism for the organisation. Discuss.

The budgeting system allows the managers of each department monitor their expenses in which budgets have been set for materials, salaries and legal expenses amongst others.

Along with the development of globalization, companies must have an efficient system to keep the competitive advantage. The broad application of new technology gives a basis to the advent of ABB. Nowadays, more and more companies start to use ABB in the budgeting process. Referring to ABB, companies do well in their budgeting period. This shows that ABB itself has many outstanding characters. In this article we will compare it with traditional budget method, so that it could give us a general survey about the characters and benefits ABB has.

Budgetary cycle in Malaysia, consist of four stages which are planning, budget preparation, budget implementation and budget evaluation. In first stage, government organisations are accountable in planning the budget target. Also, they require planning activities and programs for following year with efficiency. Second stage, budget is prepared and approved. Third stage, after Parliament has been approved the budget; a General Allocation Warrant to the Accountant General’s office will issue by the Finance Minister. It is as an authority for Accountant General’s office to expend the consolidated funds required for the expenditure. Government organisations are accountable to keep all accounting records in a vote book; so that, the allocation gets control and the expenditure occurred has been account. Fourth stage, the final of budgetary process cycle, Accountant General’s Department, Auditor General’s Department, Parliament and others will involve. According to the Federal Constitution Article 106 and 107, all public accounts have to be audited by the Auditor General’s Department and must be presented in Parliament. Thus, government organisations shall be update and present all information to the Auditor General with accurately and completely to ensure that there is no misuse of public fund. Auditor General will audit, examine and evaluate the financial performance of the government organisation’s