Explain The Expected Pattern Of Child Development

1.1 Describe the expected pattern of children and young people’s development from birth to 19 years, to include: physical, social, emotional, behavioural, intellectual and communicational development.

The word development refers not to the physical growth of children and young people, but to the skills and knowledge that they are developing. When looking at child development it is divided into the following areas –

A child’s development can be measured through physical and language milestones, intellectual, emotional and social development.

Children’s development can be grouped into four different aspects: physical, social and emotional, intellectual and language.

The aspects of development are defined as Physical, Social & Emotional, Language and Intellectual. There are different stages of development for each category, 0-3 years, 3-7 years, 7-12 years and 12-19 years.

Through a young person’s development, from birth to 19 they are expected to follow a development pattern including physical, social, environmental, behavioural, intellectual and communicational. The expected pattern is seen as the average time period it would take to accomplish these skills.

A child?s development is divided into five areas: physical, emotional, cognitive, social, and moral development (Mitchell and David 1992). Although each area will be discussed separately, it is important to remember that all these areas overlap. Together, they make up the whole person. Physical development is an increase in body size and shape. Motor development is included in physical development because it shows the development of the large and small muscles.

Explain the reasons why children and young people's development may not follow the expected pattern

The difference between sequence of development and rate of development is that a sequence of development is the order in which the development of a child will occur. The rate of development is in which speed/ time this development would happen. Child development experts have carried out a lot of research on young children to work out what most children can do at different ages and the rate at which they grow. From this research, milestones have been identified. A ‘milestone of development’ refers to the age at which most children should have reached a certain stage of development. We think about stages and sequences of development in stages:

Motor development usually occurs in stages; turning from stomach to the side, Turing from stomach to back, turning from back to stomach, sitting, crawling, kneeling, standing, and walking. Social development involves the ways in which infants and children learn to relate to other people. Many important factors affect social development. Factors like parenting styles, child care, child abuse and neglect, and self-esteem. Attachment is the emotional ties that form between people.

Development is the methodical changes and continuities in an individual that occur between conception and death (Sigelman, Rider & De George-Walker, 2013). There are seven domains of development: physical/biological, psychosocial, cognitive/learning, social, emotional, behavioural and moral/spiritual (AIHW, 2011). Development of these domains occurs in stages, where each stage gives rise to behaviour that is suitable for that stage (Schmidt Neven, 2010). These foreseeable changes are known as milestones.

There are many theories on how a human develops. Most babies follow a certain pattern of development but the controversy is which person 's developmental pattern of development is correct? Erik Erickson, Sigmund Freud and Jean Piaget 's developmental theories are similar. Each of the theories goes through a human 's development chronologically, giving a guideline of when certain developments happen. For example when a child is supposed to walk or when a child is going to speak. It is only a guideline and these theories are not supposed to be held too strictly.

Child development starts from the birth and continues to adulthood. By understanding child development, it is known that, what children can do at various ages. For instance, one year –old tries to walk and two-year-old child likes to run. It is required to provide space to move and run. This is the first design criteria for any children’s gallery. Infants explore their environment with their senses, often mouthing. Knowing this, it is required to make toys or exhibits for infants are hygienic and safe. Childhood is described by different name at different ages. From birth to the first year, children are called infants. From age one up to three as toddlers, three to six years age as pre-schoolers. The basic patterns of child development are

Child development is a process where every child goes through during their life time. This process

Child development theories provide various explanations of how children progress, and some also provide answers as to why certain outcomes or behaviors occur as a child grows. Two theories provide the best perspective regarding development when the two processes are used collectively: behavioral theory and cognitive developmental theory.