Explain The Four Theoretical School

John Molson School of Business Department of Management Comm 222: Organizational Behaviour and Theory Winter 2013 General  Information   Comm  222   Section   E   Class  times:  Monday  &  Wednesday  8:45  –  10:00   Class  location:  MB  3.430   Credits:  3     Instructor:  

There are three well-established theories of classical management: Taylor's Theory of Scientific Management, Fayol's Administrative Theory, Weber's Theory of Bureaucracy. Although these schools, or theories, developed historical sequence, later ideas have not replaced

Taylor’s scientific management focused on increasing productivity, whereas Fayol’s administrative management theory focuses on ways to make the organisation more effective and efficient. Scientific management focused on employees as individuals and their tasks, general administrative management theory dealt with total management organization. According to Pindur & Rogers, 1995, General management theory was a much broader theory concerned with administrative management functions and is considered the forerunner of modern organization theory.

Henri Fayol (1841-1925), was ‘’famous for the classical school of management, that emphasises command and control’’. (Robinson, 2005) He is deemed to be one of the founders of general and modern management; also referred to as the administrative theory and later becoming known as ‘Fayolism’.

According to traditional theorists such as Fayol, Weber, and Taylor, a school of thought identifies a level of agreement in their view of organizational system implementation. These classical theorists indicate in their readings that there is

In this essay, I have chosen to discuss how Max Weber (1864-1920) and Henri Fayol (1841-1925) compare and contrast in their ideology and contributions to the field of management. Max Weber focused on how to structure an organisation to become successful. He developed six main elements to promote this success, which he considered would develop efficiency. He called it bureaucracy. Bureaucracy has its advantages and disadvantages, it was considered to be “both rational and efficient” (Tiernan, Morley, 2013, p. 17), but for example Weber’s rather strict division of labour also led to workers becoming bored and unmotivated. The six elements that he created were; Division of labour, Hierarchy, Selection, Career orientation, Formalisation and Impersonality.

The study of Organizational Behavior (OB) is related to individuals, group of people working together in teams. The study becomes more challenging when situational factors interact. No two individuals are likely to behave in the same manner in a particular work situation. It is the predictability of a manager about the expected behavior of an individual. There are no absolutes in human behavior. It is the human factor that is contributory to the productivity hence the study of human behavior is important. Great importance therefore must be attached to the study.

Organizational studies the behaviour, attitudes and performance of people in organisations. This field puts the lens of analysis on how employees’ work contributes to or detracts from the effectiveness and productivity of the organisation. The field has three units of analysis: the individual, the group and the organisation (competitive advantage once again). A ‘micro’ – individual-employee level – aspect of OB emphasises the first two units of analysis and stresses topics such as personality traits (individual differences), employee attitudes and motivation to work, leadership, group formation and group decision making. The ‘macro’ or big-picture approach addresses the organisation as the primary unit of analysis. This is called organisational theory, and its focus is on the topics of organisational structure and organisa- tional design . OB draws support from the fields of individual psychology (personality and cognition), social psychology (people interacting), industrial psychology (people at work), political science (power and influence), anthropology (cultural systems) and economics (incentives and transactions). OT is directly related to OB and draws concepts and research from anthropolo- gy, sociology (nature and behaviour of human groups) and theories of complex organisations (how they form, grow, compete and collaborate). Our approach to OB will use both estab- lished theories and reliable managerial practices to explain the behaviour of

There are many Management Theorists who have devised ways in which a business can achieve success efficiently. The two management theorists that I am going to talk about are Fredrick Winslow Taylor and Max Weber, and I will also compare and contrast their contributions to the field of management. There are 4 main classical theories in management which are: 1. Scientific Management 2. Bureaucracy 3. Administrative Management 4. Human Relations. The two that I will be focusing on for this assignment are Scientific Management and Bureaucracy. Frederick Taylor (March 20th, 1856-March 21st, 1915) was an American Engineer. He sought to improve industrial efficiency in the workplace. The birth of Scientific Method is attributed to Taylor and his main

Non classical conceptualizations of managerial work (Mintzberg, Stewart etc.) help define the nature of managerial work. However Fayol’s classical approach best conceptualizes management functions and a manager’s job, so it is the best source to be used for educational purposes.

The purpose of this academic essay is to compare and contrast two management theorists in their individual fields of work and further more discuss how these theorists made contributions to the field of management. The author of this academic essay plans to use parameters to discuss their findings through books, journal articles and credible online resources. The theorists the author plans to discuss are Frederick Winslow Taylor and Henri Fayol.

Early management theories adopted by such proponents as Henri Fayol, Mary Parker Follett and Max Weber are relevant in todays’ world. In this essay I am going to discuss about all three theorists and how their theories are still relevant for managers in the 21st century in meeting the challenges. In the classical approach to management there are three branches under it. They are, scientific management, administrative principles and bureaucratic organisation. Henry Fayol and Mary Parker Follett developed theories for administrative principles and Max Weber developed a theory for bureaucratic organisation (Schermerhorn et al. 2014, p.36). First we will be going through Henri Fayol and then Mary Parker Follett as they both made theories

Throughout this essay I will be looking at the management structure Henry Fayol had discovered from his research and how it is still present today and how it has affected our perspective on how we believe managers operate. Moreover, I will analyse Fayol’s work and look at what other theorists such as Mintzberg have said concerning what effective management is. Also I will look at the Human Relations theorists and see how they play an important role in management and how they differ from the theory of classical theorists. Taking this into account I will then give my views on what I think is important to managing effectively and what I believe is true management and compromise all the information to help me conduct my

The purpose of this academic essay is to compare and contrast two management theorists in their individual fields of work and further more discuss how these theorists made contributions to the field of management. The author of this academic essay plans to use parameters to discuss their findings through books, journal articles and credible online resources. The theorists the author plans to discuss are Frederick Winslow Taylor and Henri Fayol.

Each stage of the management theories development brought new ideas about the nature of an organization, the place and importance of the workplace learning. One of the oldest theories of management is the Scientific Management theory developed by Frederick Taylor, who tried to develop the standards of organizations and their tasks. It is followed by the Bureaucratic Management Theory suggested by Max Weber. This theory mostly concentrated on the types of organizations and the hierarchy of organizational tasks and responsibilities.