Explain The Homeostasis Of Acid-Base Balance

4. How does the blood pH value change as Pco2 changes? The Pco2 binds with the water in the blood to form carbonic acid which then forms H+ and HCO3-. When the H+ increases it causes the blood to become more acidic and lowers the pH, and when the H+ is low the blood pH rises.

The level of H+ was normal in the urine. 2. What level of [HCO3-] was present in the urine? HCO3- level was normal in the urine. 3. Why does the blood pH value change as PCO2 changes? The blood pH value changes as PCO2 changes because CO2 dissolves in the blood forming carbonic acidic and lowering the pH value.

Neutralization: Neutralization reactions are those that involve the reaction of an acid and a base to form water and salt. A solution with a high hydrogen ion concentration is acidic, and a solution with a high concentration of hydroxide ions is

What is the effect of acids and bases on biological solutions?* INTRODUCTION It is important for organisms to be able to protect themselves from changes in internal and environmental pH. Any changes could disrupt metabolic activities. Organisms have developed ways in which to cope with these changes. Today you will look at how some biological materials can help moderate drastic swings in pH. Working with your bench mates, you will use a pH sensor attached to a computer to see changes in pH as you add acid or base to water, to biological buffers, and to several biological solutions. You will then share your information with the

An acid is a compound that donates hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. A base is a compound that releases hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. When an acid and base are mixed together, they neutralize each other, forming a salt and water.

An acid is a substance which has an excess of H+ ions. Common characteristics of acids include tasting sour and reacting strongly with metals. The acid used in this lab was Hydrochloric Acid (HCl). A base is

ids Acids, Bases, Buffers and Respiration Darlene E. McDonald WCCC Fall 2012 Ap Lab 071-07 Dr. Roxanne Levandosky August 31, 2012 I. INTRODUCTION: A.PURPOSE: a. To define and understand the key terms. ~acid ~buffer system ~base ~acidosis ~pH ~alkalosis ~pH scale ~hypoventilation ~pH indicators ~hyperventilation b. To determine the acidic or base nature and actual pH of various substances. c. To discuss the formation of the carbonic acid/bicarbonate ion buffer system in maintaining homeostasis, especially with regard to ventilation. B. BACKGROUND: Homeostasis is the tendency of a system, especially the physiological system of higher animals, to maintain internal stability, owing to

The possible causes of this acid base imbalance are the vomiting and the overuse of antacids. As the name implies it is bicarbonate which has been added to the body. The vomiting reduces the extracellular fluid and this in turn leads to a release of angiotensin and aldersterone. This release then increases the bicarbonate absorption and increased hydrogen ion and potassium excreted. This patient may also have hypokalemia which is very common in metabolic alkalosis and would need to be replaced if it occurred ( Thomas, 2015). The respiratory rate would also slow to try and compensate for the alkalosis.

Accepted 13 May 2007 KEYWORDS Acid base balance; Arterial blood gases; Acidosis; Alkalosis Summary There are many disorders/diseases that lead to changes in acid base balance. These conditions are not rare or uncommon in clinical practice, but everyday occurrences on the ward or in critical care. Conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (bronchitis or emphasaemia), diabetic ketoacidosis,

pH level is what determines the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. It refers to the amount of Hydrogen ions in the solution. In this case, hemoglobin. The normal pH level in hemoglobin is 7.2 - 7.4. (S. Hudon-Miller, 2012). A low pH level will have a higher number of Hydrogen ions which will make it acidic, and a high pH level will have a lower number of Hydrogen ions which will make it alkaline. Carbon dioxide is produced in the Citric Acid Cycle, and when CO2 combines with H2O it makes carbonic acid. CO2 is the acidic part of our blood. Many of our cells produce CO2, and as it is toxic to our bodies, we must have a way to get it out of our bodies which is normally exhaled through the lungs. We breathe in O2 and breathe out CO2. Now, just as the blood is carrying O2 throughout our bodies, it is also carrying CO2 to our lungs to be expelled. The more CO2 in our blood, the lower the pH level and the higher the acidity. As this happens, CO2 binds to the blood cell decreasing the blood cells ability to bind with O2. The CO2 and O2 compete to bind to the blood cell. This called the Bohr effect. (Wikipedia,

Acid-base balance in the body is important to maintain our normal functions. The regulation of hydrogen ions is essential for the body to perform normally and to achieve homeostasis. Our bodies maintain a pH level between a small margin of 7.35 to 7.45. If the pH level becomes too low, the body goes into a state called acidosis. On the contrary, if it elevates too far, the body enters into a state called alkalosis.

Raymond Yee Southerd Physiology 6 22 September 2015 Lab 1: Homeostasis Background Information: Homeostasis is the ability or tendency to maintain internal stability in an organism to adjust to the environmental changes. An example of homeostasis is a thermostat that operates by switching heaters and air-conditioners on and off in response to the temperature inputs’ change. The two types of homeostasis that occurs are positive and negative feedback loops. In a positive feedback loop, an organism is producing a certain product at a faster rate to adapt. An example of a positive feedback loop is a woman after labor who lost a lot of water in the progress, will have an increase of water production to become stable again. Negative feedback loops are when an organism need to lose a certain product to keep balance. An example of a negative feedback loop is sweating. When the temperature becomes too hot for the body, it will release sweat to cool down and maintain equilibrium inside the body.

A person’s normal pH range is between 7.35 and 7.45. (Tortora, G., Derrickson, B. H. ,2014-01-22). This range is important for the body to function properly. There certain conditions that can cause the pH range to fluctuate. Acidosis is a condition in which the blood pH is below 7.35 and alkalosis is a condition in which the blood pH is higher than 7.45. Significant changes in pH range can affect cellular function and possibly lead to death. “Your blood needs the right balance of acid and basic (alkaline) compounds to function properly”. (George, K., 2013)

Carbonic acid–bicarbonate buffer system; here CO2 (carbon dioxide) binds with H2O (water) to form H2CO3 (carbonic acid). Carbonic acid breaks down to form hydrogen ion (H+) and bicarbonate (HCO3-). Breathing rapidly removes excess of CO2 from the system and this will rise the blood pH. Breathing impaired will retain excess CO2 in the blood which will reduce the pH.

Disturbances of Acid-Base Balance If an acid-base disturbance shifts the pH outside of the physiologic range, various control measures are activated to resist the change in pH. Compensatory mechanisms try to preserve the normal 20:1 ratio of bicarbonate to carbonic acid to keep the pH at normal range. The body works to maintain normal ratios through a compensation mechanism using renal and respiratory methods (Crowley, 2010).