1. Describe two of the three column styles found in ancient Greek architecture.
One column style is Ionic order. It originated in Eastern Greece, and had a more ornate column and capital than the Doric order. The columns rest on ornate, detailed bases and the fluted shaft is slender. There are 24 fluted grooves on the column, and has a large double scroll or volute as the capital.
Another column style is Corinthian order. It grew from Ionic order, but is more ornate and elaborate. There are two rows of leaves that fan out from the capital and four scrolls.
2. What were Ushabti? What purpose did they have?
Ushabti were small figurines that were placed in tombs to act as a substitute for the person in case he or she was called upon to do manual
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Describe the typical way of depicting humans in Egyptian art. Why were humans depicted in this way?
The torso faces the viewer, and the head and legs are in profile. It shows the divine aspects of the pharaoh.
4. What is the "proportional system" in Egyptian art? What effect did this have on Egyptian art?
The proportional system was a grid used for sculptures, paintings, and other forms of art to create a uniform representation. The human depictions all look similar to each other.
5. Identify and describe two different styles of Greek pottery.
One style of Greek pottery is black-figure style. It used silhouetted figures, and had the first examples of artist’s signatures. Another style is red-figure style. It was the opposite of black-figure style, as it had a black background and red figures. It allowed for more details.
Critical Thinking Questions
1. Compare and contrast the statues of humans found in ancient Egypt and ancient Greece.
The statues in Egypt looked mostly the same due to their proportional system. The figures were all stiff, and had frontal stances. The Greek statues started out like the Egyptian statues, but changed throughout time. The Greek statues grew more and more natural and detailed in
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Most sculptures are of common people or gods and goddesses. The cultures had architecture play a big part in their art. Both the Warka Vase from Sumerian art and The Narmer Palette from Egyptian art both tell a narrative. Unlike Egyptian and Greek architecture, Mesopotamian architecture is not able to be studied. The Mesopotamian architecture was worn away by time because of the poor building materials. Unlike Mesopotamian and Greek art, Egyptians did not make pottery.
4. Choose one piece of art shown in the unit. In about two paragraphs, create an art critique for this piece of art.
The piece of art I choose is the sunk relief image of Pharaoh Akhenaten, Nefertiti, and their children. The image was made in Ancient Egypt, during Akhenaten’s reign. It is a relief, so the background is carved away from the outlines to make them stand out. What attracts my attention in the image is how deep the lines are. It creates a strong contrast between them and the background. There is a lot of negative space in the piece that helps create the image and make it pop more. There are many curved lines in the picture to create movement and to better show the human
The main purpose of this paper is to describe the visual analysis of the artwork. This paper examines an Egyptian half nude portrait art which is taken from Metropolitan Museum of Art (Fig.1). The statue characterized both male and female seated figure with a Braid hair. In this essay, I will present a complete visual description of this artwork (its preservation, costume and iconography), and then I will compare it to another artwork which is chosen from Textbook that is Akhenaten and his Family (Fig. 2).
A work from Chapter one that stood out to me was the "Tomb of Ti." (p. 39) It is a tomb sculpture that depicts a hunt for hippopotamus and birds. The hunt is comprised of a few hunters, out in the wild with their tools or weapons, while there is another person commanding them who is noticeable larger than the hunters. This is to signify the dominance or rank of the huntsman. The work is started by sketching a grid onto the wall of the tomb. After doing that wherever they wanted to position the humans they would begin to place their body parts in certain positions. The artists did not proportionize the humans, thus making it seem more like they were observers of everyday life. This method for art lasted around 2,500
For The Principles of Composition paper I chose two pieces of art that I thought dramatized one specific principle of art. I decided to chose “Temple I in the great plaza,” constructed by the Mayan Indians on page 276 and “Untitled” by Donald Judd on page 441. I thought both of these pieces of art were unique and displayed balance.
When looking at the Sculpture of Menkaure and a Queen as well as Augustus of Primaporta, one can see some strong similarities as well as some vast differences in the way the Egyptians and Ancient Romans portrayed the desired qualities of their rulers. Some of the similarities include more detailed sculpture. You can see some fine details in the Sculpture of Menkaure and a Queen, but the Romans took this detailing to the next level. Both cultures also used symbolism. The usage of symbolism differed a lot, but it is seen in both cultures. I can also see that both cultures had a tendency to idealize what they wanted to see in their ruler. Both cultures focused on a broad-shoulder, strong, youthful leader. However, there are certainly more differences than there are similarities between the two cultures.
Choose a work of art from the reading in Chapter 1. Discuss how the work is a reflection of the ancient culture that created it. Also, did anything particularly surprise or impress
The artworks of Mesopotamia, Ancient Egypt, the Aegean cultures, and Ancient Greece have similarities that not only reflect objects and images, but also the media, style and representation. These countries were not always wealthy, clever, creative and powerful enough to gain supplies, but they all find a way to create art with what they had. They have all influenced on each other’s cultures and belief through their artistic values and ways, ranging from the materials and tools they use, position and representation of their monuments and their religious intent.
As the saying goes, great art is mad with its own loveliness. Over the decades, Greek-inspired architecture has been seen all over the world. Ideas are often borrowed while constructing buildings, monuments, and even houses. Greeks mostly used wood, limestone, unbaked bricks, terracotta and metal for construction. Most architecture were inspired by religion, politics, and form of recreation. Of all designs from Greek architecture three of them have withstood the test of time and their application can be seen today. They include Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian order. However, each order is distinct from the other and one cannot differentiate unless trained. This paper will look at Doric and Corinthian orders while comparing and contrasting them. It will also trace their prevalence and popularity throughout history.
The slate relief Palette of King Narmer illustrates many formal and iconographic conventions Egyptian artists employed for the next 2500 years; primary among these is the Egyptian preference for descriptive rather than optical representation. The conventional figures offer a composite view of the human body, with the ruler rigid and formal, while lesser humans display greater movement and a variety of poses. The palette's narrative imagery is composed in registers without regard for three-dimensional space or setting. Hieroglyphic text explains the palette's subject, which ,unlike most surviving Egyptian art, is commemorative but not funerary, most egyptian art and architecture was made for the
There were a few people that could make sculpture. They were an inspiring piece that showed everyone how they represented each others during their time. Greek architecture were during the Archaic Period, roughly 600 to 480 BC. This is one of the periods where practice of fine art in ancient Greece. This was the first time that Greek architects learned to make massive temples out of stone, generally using soft white stones like marble or limestone. During the Archaic Period, two orders of Greek architects emerged. First was the Doric Order, with smooth capitals on the tops of each column and decorations in the superstructure that resembled the ends of wooden beams, a nod to earlier temples. After that came the Ionic Order, with capitals that looked like scrolls and thinner columns. During the sculture time there was architect's that learned how to make massive temples out of stone, generally using soft white stones like marble or limestone. These sculptures were impressive and carried an elegant look during their
The popularity of and the fascination with Egyptian Art come from the pyramids, mummies, and hieroglyphs. The theme of the exhibition is about racial types in Ancient Egyptian Art it will survey the various naturalistic facial features found in the non-royal sculptures. In contrast, the Royal portraits are extremely symbolic in representing human figures with the combination of human gods and animal forms that tend to portray idealized, conventional faces of Egypt. Utilizing objects from the permanent collection at the Brooklyn Museum of Art, this exhibit will display 25 portraits of nobleman, officials, and local individuals in order to hint at a variety of racial subdivision such as the Hykos, Nubian, Persian and Roman influence in the
The top if the column has a scroll like design. The Ionic order is mostly found in the eastern part of Greece and some of its islands along the coast (“Ancient Greece” 2). The base supports the columns. The capitol of the column has two volutes and they rest atop a band of palm-leaf ornaments (“Architecture in Ancient Greece” 1). “The most important feature of the Ionic order is the frieze” (“Architecture in Ancient Greece” 1). The area in ancient Greece where the Ionic order was most prevalent was around Greeks in Asia Minor and the Greek islands. A monument that includes the Ionic order columns is the temple of Athena Nike.
The artworks of Ancient Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt are both strikingly different and similar at the same time. Consistent is the theme of serving the different gods the two cultures believed in. In Mesopotamia the various city-states each had their own protective deity, and in Egypt they sometimes differed from one dynasty to the next. Whatever the case, with the beginning of kingdoms and rulership came the need to justify a position of power and establish a hierarchy. And as more time passed came also the human need to leave an impression on their world. Looking at the example of the statues of Gudea from the Neo-Sumerian period and the Temple of Ramses II from the New Kingdom of Egypt in the 19th dynasty, will show how both rulers of
One of the most interesting artifacts that are found throughout this reading are one of the Sumerian civilizations of the ancient world. According to the textbook, there are various structures that these people in the past have made. These people were responsible for finding that the ancient Mesopotamian civilization (p. 8). Where the most important aspects of this civilization was probably the sculpture of Hammurabi; this being an eye for an eye and a tooth for tooth. These people showed intense skills in the way that they portrayed the rocks to instruct the people. In the earlier chapters, it was obvious that humans developed an intelligent way to sculpture other human beings and animals, but the people in Ancient Sumer and Mesopotamia showed
Egyptian sculpture evolved to represent the ancient Egyptian gods, and Pharaohs, the divine kings and queens, in physical form. Massive and magnificent statues were built
Artists created their own unique style in Greek culture and with the creation of the Roman Empire, Greek artwork had been spread throughout the region. When the empire eventually split and faded from existence, Greek artwork had left its mark on the remaining civilizations. Because Byzantium had arisen from the ashes of the Roman Empire, Byzantine artwork incorporated aspects of Greek art within their own artwork. The purpose of this investigation is to compare and contrast art in ancient Greece and Byzantium. Recognizing the similarities and differences between two related cultures is vital in understanding the evolution of art from one culture to another. Within this investigation designs/patterns and