Explain the Physiology the Cardiovascular and the Digestive System in the Body in Relation to Energy Metabolism in the Body. Discuss the Role of Energy in the Body and Analyse How Those Two Body Systems Interrelate to Perform a Named Functions.

Swallowing is the movement of food from the mouth into the Esophagus. The esophagus secretes mucus and transports the food to the stomach via peristalsis.

Energy keeps all living organisms alive, as they need a continual supply of energy to function in order to survive. Some of these processes are continuous such as, metabolism, which is the chemical reactions which occur in the body, these occur by using or releasing energy from chemical substances. Another continuous process which use energy is the transporting of molecules in order for them to break down, and to build new ones. The breakdown of large molecules into their simpler forms to release energy is known as catabolism, for example, when glucose is used in a cell to release energy. And the opposite reaction, is called anabolism. This is when energy is used to build complex structures from simple cells, for example, tissue growth and

Energy metabolism is where the nutrients oxygen and glucose are took in and delivered the organs. Energy is needed in order for our body to be able to function. Energy helps break down molecules and to build new molecules.

Digestion starts in the mouth. Chewing mechanically breaks down the food with saliva. Saliva moistens the food and is an essential enzyme for the digestion of starch. Saliva contains ptyalin, which is capable of breaking down starch into simpler sugars such as maltose and dextrin that can be further broken down in the small intestine. About 10-15 seconds after chewing has begun, the food bolus passes through the pharynx and in the oesophagus. When you swallow, the epiglottis closes to prevent the food from entering the respiratory system. The soft palate closes to prevent food from entering the nasal cavity.

(P4) Explain the physiology of two named body systems in relation to energy metabolism in the body

Digestion is a multistep process that begins the moment you put a piece of food in your mouth or sip or drink.The mouth is the beginning of the digestive track,and in fact digestion starts here.When taking the first bite of food ,chewing breaks the food into pieces that are more easily digested,while saliva mixes with food to begin the process of breaking it down into a form your body can absorb and use.

The digestive systems starts as food begins to enter the oral cavity through the mouth. As digestion continues the tongue plays an important role by pushing broken down food from the secretions during the chemical reaction of salivary glands releasing amylase from mouth to the oropharynx. The oropharynx reactions with epiglottis, which a flap that closes during digestion to make sure food does not enter windpipe. The glottis is the opening that goes to lungs, if food enters the oropharynx it would make the epiglottis fold back whenever the glottis is closed food is allowed to go into the esophagus. There are two sphincters of the esophagus, the upper and lower esophageal sphincters. The upper esophagus is concluded of a buddle of muscles who

Smell that yummy pumpkin pie? Mouth is getting watery. You start to salivate. That is the beginning process of digestion getting you ready to eat that delicious pumpkin pie. That’s why people say digestion starts in your mouth. The digestive tract also known as the alimentary canal, the liver, pancreas, and other abdominal organs make up the digestive system. The esophagus, the stomach, and the intestines, (from the mouth to the anus) all belongs in the alimentary canal. In an adult the whole

The mouth crushes up food. The release of saliva in the salivary glands is controlled by the nervous system. Saliva is able to moisten food and break chemical bonds through the use of enzymes like amylase. Amylase is an enzyme released by the mouth that breaks food molecules up into simpler sugars. This is the beginning processes in chemical and mechanical digestion. Chemical digestion is when nutrients are are broken down chemically by enzymes, whereas mechanical digestion breaks food down physically. From the mouth the nutrients travel to the pharynx. The pharynx is what connects the esophagus to the stomach. The esophagus is where the nutrients are passed down to the stomach. The stomach is lined with mucus which helps protect the stomach

THe digestive system is the system that breaks down what one eats into the nutrients the body needs to function properly. It also takes the parts the body does not need and eliminates it from the body. There are three major functions of the digestive system (Coolidge-Stolz et al 60). First, the food one eats is broken down into molecules that the body can use and turns the other parts into waste. Next, the useful molecules are absorbed into the blood and carried throughout the body. Lastly, the waste, or parts the body doesn’t need is eliminated from the body (Coolidge-Stolz et al 60). The digestive system has many parts. Some of these are the mouth, salivary gland, epiglottis, esophagus, liver, stomach, gallbladder, pancreas, large and small intestine, and the rectum. The digestive process starts in the mouth. The salivary glands release saliva that assist the teeth in breaking down food (Coolidge-Stolz et al 60). After chewing is done, one swallows and the food particles and it goes down the esophagus. Before it goes down the esophagus, the epiglottis closes so no food goes down the windpipe.The epiglottis is a tiny flap of

Once food leaves the mouth, it travels down the oesophagus and into the second cavity the stomach. Here digestives enzymes are released such as hydrochloric acid and gastric

The mouth is where it all starts. Before you even take a bite of your food, the smell of the food is what triggers your salivary glands which include the parotid, sublingual, and submandibular glands in your mouth making it start to water. Your saliva increases when you taste the food. When you chew the food into smaller pieces the enzyme amylase breaks food into small sugar molecules. To start fat digestion another enzyme is released at the base of the tongue called lingual lipase. A bolus is easy to swallow and is formed when saliva and other fluids in the mouth mixed with mucous. Bolus slides past the epiglottis and then goes through the esophagus and to the stomach where it is then digested.

Metabolism includes all activities by which cells acquire and use energy as they build, break down of remodel organic molecules. The research done in the articles were on how metabolic syndromes affect the studied groups. The groups are studied over a period of time and

Since this student had a bag of chips which is carbs and turkey sandwich which is considered protein and fat and water. The first stage in the digestive system is ingestion when the student enters his lunch in their mouth. In this stage there is mechanical and chemical digestion taken place. The mechanical digestion is take place by biting and tearing the food into smaller parts which would then be known as bolus. Chemical digestion is occurred when the three salivary glands sublingual, submandibular, and paratoid gland that secretes saliva which contains amylase. Amylase is used in this case to breakdown starch. In the mouth the carbohydrates and fat are broken down. In carbohydrates the starch and disaccharides are mixed with the salivary amylase, and in fats the unemulsified triglycerides are mixed with lingual lipase. Once mechanical and chemical digestion is complete in the mouth food continues its route to the digestive system going through deglutition. In deglutition the esophagus sphincter begins to contract in which the tongue forces the bolus upward towards the hard palate making the bolus to enter the oropharynx. Once it enter the oropharynx in order to prevent the bolus to enter the trachea the uvula and larynx rise upward and the superior esophageal sphincter starts to relax which would then allow food to enter the esophagus. Once that occurs the muscles of pharynx contract making the bolus to travel down the

Once formed into a small rounded mass, called a bolus, the food passes through a sphincter, a muscular ring that regulates the size of an opening, and enters the esophagus, a muscular tube leading to the stomach. No additional digestion occurs here. For the food to travel, it is lubricated with mucus and moved by peristalsis into the stomach. At the end of the esophagus, at the opening to the stomach, is a sphincter.