Explanation For Third Wave ' African Democracy After The Cold War

In the midst of the prevalence of democratic transitions, a number of developing countries are seeking to achieve the successful consolidation of civil order in modern days. Among those participants, Mexico and Nigeria has been spotlighted for the completely contrastive endings at the end of their long-adventures towards democratization since their independence; Mexico, from its independence, has maintained the political stability despite the authoritarian single-party regime and even accomplished the solid democratization at the time of the 2000 election whereas Nigerian regime has been deteriorated by a series of military cues d’états and

“African Perspectives on Colonialism” is a book written by A. Adu Boahen. This book classifies the African responses to European colonialism in the 19th century. Boahen begins with the status of Africa in the last quarter of the 19th century and follows through the first years of African independence. This book deals with a twenty year time period between 1880 and 1900. Boahen talks about when Africa was seized and occupied by the Imperial Powers of Europe. Eurocentric points of view dominated the study of this era but Boahen gives us the African perspective. There are always two sides of the story and Boehen tells us the side less talked about informing us of what he knows.

As the anti-apartheid struggle ramped up in South Africa in the 1980s, the Kagiso Trust was formed as a NGO to support the struggle against apartheid and to distribute funds from the European Union and other donors. This was to provide the uplifting and empowerment of disadvantaged communities in South Africa through various development initiatives. At this stage, the core focus of the Kagiso Trust was on “building partnerships and collaborations to strengthen the implementation capacity of people and organisations in development”[1]. Following South Africa’s transition into democracy in 1994, the Kagiso Trust refocused its goals and efforts on education [1], which is considered a critical component in the eradication of inequality.

Ikechi Mgbeoji’s book, Collective Insecurity examines the hidden causes of West Africa’s civil wars and addresses an important question: “Why has the U.N. system not worked to protect people and to enhance their welfare, as intended, in Africa and elsewhere?” In his book, Mgbeoji proposes, “the solution to African political instability lies in a structural rearrangement of the African polity for the purpose of legitimate governance of African peoples.”

Africa has undergone a long history of being invaded, taken advantage of and colonized. European powers are primarily at fault for this, however they have experienced their own turmoil in this time period: war. This led Europe to create mercenary armies of African soldiers to fight for their countries, particularly in the World Wars. The rampant injustice of this system and many African lives lost was a spark for the African nation states under colonial rule. It led to the wildfire that was African independence movements, protests, and riots. It also led to the Year of Africa, where most countries were recognized as their own entities and no longer colonies. While there are many factors involved in this portion of history, the importance of

In the second half of the twentieth-century, African countries were able to gain their independence and strive to create unified countries. However, many countries were plagued with civil wars and the issues left behind the colonial era. The adversities faced by these new African nations are at the hands of their old colonial powers and the neo-colonialism that has taken place. These new independent countries were left to unify their people of different backgrounds, create a strong government and economy, and leave the post-colonial legacy behind.

In the late nineteenth century the European powers of the world began imperializing Africa. This annexation, occupation, and division of African territory has since led to much strife within the continent and has caused many struggles politically. This period known as the “Scramble for Africa” has led to the many problems that Africa faces today and has been the root of several wars in Africa to assume control. After World War II many European imperialists began to give African nations autonomy. This seemed like a step forward for African nations, but without any plan to transition into self governance many African nations have faced bloody civil wars and corruption. Along with political struggles, numerous African nations face rising debt and other economic problems. Many of these political and economic issues stem from the “Scramble for Africa”. Once the European countries left Africa had very little to support itself. To explain the issues left by imperialism the three African nations of Rwanda, South Africa, and Sierra Leone will be put under the scope.

First, Africa was finally given a place in the international community because of New Imperialism. For hundreds of years, an entire fifth of the inhabited Earth was excluded from the world’s most important decisions. But because of New Imperialism, they were able to

Wrong Power Power is a dangerous thing when in the wrong hands. European and the U.S. colonists took power into their own hands in the 1800’s. King Leopold II of Belgium took it upon himself to control the “Congolese People”. Europeans and the U.S during 1876 through 1914 were known as the “Gold Diggers” to Africans. Native Congolese hold hands that was served to Congolese people.

The Soviet Union believed that African societies could progress considerably if only they would steer away from Western influence and maneuver themselves towards Soviet ideologies. Moreover, the Soviet Union would eventually collapse, paving the way for Western aid and free-market ideas to spread throughout Africa. New theories influenced Africans to demand a democratic system. A system that would allow for freedom of speech, and a multi-party system. However, positive results were minimal. As not all countries were able to acquire prosperity, and poverty still

The Cold War was hostile and fall short of armed conflict. The cold emerged after World War II, when the Soviet Union expansion into Eastern Europe. Stalin believed because the Red Army defected the counties he had the right to expand, just like the Americans were doing in Italy and Japan. This feed into the fear of the American people who were afraid that the Soviet Union wanted to control the world. Along with the cold war came the Iron Curtain which was the name giving to the line that divided Western Europe and Eastern Europe by Winston Churchill. He didn’t believe that the Soviet Union wanted war they just wanted to expand their land and their people. The cold war was a war trying to convince other nations and countries which Government tactics were best. The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

Several of South African leaders show up to mourn Fidel Castro harrowing him a revolutionary of his time. Approximately 15 leaders and six prime ministers attended Castro's funeral. Among those in attendance is South African leader Jacob Zuma. Many influential leaders felt they could not stay away and came to say farewell.

Since the initiation of the Third Wave of Democracy, several countries have attempted to form a democratic system of governs. We take note that not all have succeeded. At the dawn of this era, democracy was being applied to countries with no prior history of a governing body that was place by the people for the people hence success of such a system could not be guaranteed because of the innumerous variables that existed in each country. People being the highlighted factor of variance, it may become easier to understand how countries such as Pakistan and Nigeria, both countries prior to the Wave had no local governing machinery. Pakistan further endured a partition from India which resulted in not only an instant religious and

Modern African states have several problems ranging from corruption, to armed conflict, to stunted structural development. The effects of colonialism have been offered as a starting point for much of the analysis on African states, but the question of why African states are particularly dysfunctional needs to be examined, given the extent to which they have lagged behind other former European colonies in many aspects. In the first section, I will consider the problems with African states from the level of the state. That is, the nature of the states' inceptions and the underlying flaws may explain some of the issues that have been associated with African states today. Next I examine the development of, or lack of, civil

In third world countries even in the so called civilized country 's political power is a means to and end.if it wasn 't no one would want it.so the question is,if the western countries left a promise to help Africa develop and help it financially if possible hast happens or the benefits have been overshadowed by the wars and in ending conflicts of our beloved motherland.the question is whose fault is it,whose fault is it.how come soon after independence Africa experience dictatorships that still exist till today.who taught these president to act the way they do.i mean this was not done before there were no rule books of cheating elections hiding money in foreign banks and corruption.are Africans that evil naturally that they just destroy their people because of wealth