Explanatory Model

Cultural consideration must be taken into account when discussing end-of-life issues with patients and family members. One cannot assume that cultural affiliation equals a deep connection to cultural beliefs and affiliation with one or more groups should not be used as an assumption about

Leininger (1988) defined nursing as a transcultural phenomenon requiring knowledge of different cultures to provide care that is congruent with the clients’ life ways, social structure, and environmental context. This definition from the founder of transcultural care would support applying a cultural sensitive nursing care in the clinical setting, and highly linked to her definition of transcultural nursing as a legitimate and formal area of study focused on culturally based care beliefs, values, and practices to help cultures or subcultures maintain or regain their health (wellbeing) and face disabilities or death in culturally congruent and beneficial caring ways (Leininger, 1970, 1978, 1995). Moreover Leininger summarized the process of applying transcultural care as providing care that fits with cultural beliefs and life ways. From a professional perspective, it refers to the use of emic (local cultural knowledge and life ways) in meaningful and tailored ways that fit with etic (largely professional outsiders’ knowledge), in other words care should be individualized according to patient’s culture to promote holistic and effective nursing care.

Caring for patients at the end of life is a challenging task that requires not only the consideration of the patient as a whole but also an understanding of the family, social, legal, economic, and institutional circumstances that surround patient care.

The family is struggling to find their identity in the face of this illness. Each family member reflects values in keeping with their Southern Baptist background with faith playing an integral role in their daily lives.

Evaluation of how family subscribes to these traditions and practices is offered in detail, while offering insight and/or reflection.It is essential for nurses to provide culturally sensitive care to each and every patient in order to establish repor and maintain a safe working relationship with each individual. To provide culturally sensitive care to a nurses patient’s he or she must first assess their own beliefs, values, and culture at large. The nurse can do this by using the Heritage Assessment Tool. This tool shows the nurse how important their heritage is to them and if they have adopted their ways of life from their family’s history and influence. This gives the nurse a starting point

Multiple family members gather together to give care to the loved one from far and near. The father or the oldest male relative holds the greatest power in most families to make health-related decisions for an ill loved one. Family members feel responsible for bathing, changing, and feeding their loved one daily even during hospital stays (Taxis, 2008). In addition, prayer and ritual are also critical components of the dying process. Family members may pray with the patient at the bedside, at a home altar, or at church. At times, candles are kept lit for 24 hours a day as a symbol of continuous worship. Clergy members may visit to offer spiritual support. As the ill loved one approaches death, the sacrament of anointing of the sick is administered by a priest or lay member (Kemp, 2001). Mexican American families use religious beliefs in the afterlife to help them cope with this emotional process.

The Purnell Domains of Culture assessment gives a vast amount of information in regards to a persons cultural background, family and heritage that gives care provides a better understanding of their client or clients family. As a future care provider, I took the time to speak to Mrs. Smith about herself and family to gain insight on whom they are as a family and what influences them to be who they are today. Over the course of the domains of culture I have been able to increase my perception of who and what drives this family and how their beliefs came about.

The profession of nursing is more than caring for the physiological health of an individual. It also includes caring for their spiritual, mental, and overall wellbeing. Nurses, and all health care workers, need to take into consideration a patient’s cultural preference in order to maintain their spiritual well-being. This paper will address Native American cultural considerations relating to end of life using the Giger and Davidhizar assessment model as explained in chapter 4 of Sagar (2012) Transcultural Nursing Theory and Models: Application in Nursing Education Practice, and Administration. It will overview the assessment model, then apply it to death in the Native American culture as well as present nursing implications.

Most of the healing came from her mother and grandmother. Her first experience with illness was with grandmother. S.D describes her grandmother as being a very round women who loved food. She was active at home and took care of her family. While S.D was still in school, her grandmother would come and walk her home from school, as her mother had young children at home. One day her Grandmother did not come, so S.D went to her house on her way home from school. Her grandmother told her she was not feeling well and would try to walk home with her tomorrow. The next day she did not come again. This went on for several months. One day S.D’s mother came and picked her up from school early, when they arrived at her home her grandmother could not get out of bed. S.D noticed that her grandmother was no longer round, but very skinny and bony. She made funny noises when she coughed and wouldn’t open up her eyes. She passed away a few days later, knowing what she knows now S.D believed that she had some form of cancer. S.D’s mother reassured her that it was simply her time to leave this earth. A doctor never saw her grandmother, and her family cared for her the best that they could. S.D can remember her grandmother sitting on the side of the bed, leaning over a pot of boiling water with a piece of cloth over her head. Her mother told her that the steam would help her to breath better and clear her passages. At the

There are many different cultures in the world, therefore there are many ways people approach health care. To examine these different approaches or methods, it is important to have a model to help lay out a particular culture. These models assist nurses in trying to become as culturally competent as possible. The purpose of this paper is to look at Giger and Davidhizar’s Transcultural Assessment Model (GDTAM, 2002) to assist in understanding Jewish end of life care. It will include the GDTAM and 2 nursing implications that come with interventions the nurse should think about. The assessment model will break down the culture into the six different pieces: communication, time, space, social organization, environmental control, and biological

This paper explores the Jewish culture and end of life within the Jewish culture. It will focus on the Giger and Davidhizar’s Transcultural Assessment Model, which has six phenomena’s; communication, space, time, environmental control, biological variation and social organization. This model will provide a framework to assess the Jewish culture and their beliefs during the transition period of end of life. This paper will discuss two implications of nursing care. From those implications, a culturally appropriate nursing intervention will be discussed.

Spirituality is a delicate topic, and some may not be open to talking about their beliefs. Spirituality is generally understood to be an essential aspect of being human (Lyndo-Lam, 2012). Assessing the spiritual needs of patients is a key component in the nursing process. A compassionate and thoughtful nurse can make a patient feel more secure, making it easier for him to express his spirituality. The participation of both patient and health care provider is vital in promoting spiritual health. The main focus of a spiritual assessment is to gather information regarding the patient’s spiritual needs in order incorporate them into the plan of care, so as to treat

Compassionate Care: An Inspirational Guide for Caregivers of The Seriously Il,l deals with an individual’s “journey to death” in such a way that it becomes a relatively uncomplicated task to learn to become an effective and lasting Spiritual Care

The Sunrise Enabler framework was developed by Madeleine M. Leininger, who was a pioneer in transcultural nursing. Leiningers’s framework encompasses the many domains that relate to an individual’s culture. Ultimately, the goal of this model is to serve as a guide in providing patients with care that is culturally congruent. The nurse or healthcare provider can accomplish this by assessing the different domains that relate to the model. This paper will focus on the domain of religion and spirituality within the Hindu religion. Since Hinduism is a very old religion, practices may vary among the different regions of India. The Sunrise Enabler model will serve as a framework to guide this cultural assessment.

R Not at all because she views illness and suffering as something we create in our mind, so it would be difficult to