Explicit and Implicit Barriers

Conditions have changed. Global trade has rapidly increased in both volume and value, reaching nowadays more than $4 trillion in 1997 (Daniels J.D., Radebaugh, 1998, pg. 529). Competition is fierce from all corners of the world. Failure at the global level can backfire and may consume existing brands and business relationships. At the same time, global opportunities have emerged that offer possibilities for growth, profit, and an improvement in worldwide standards of living.

With every market-entry strategy there are always going pros and cons. First, with exporting, varies companies, from small to

In the age of information technology, the strict and formal procedures that were once crucial to the foundation of trade are slowly vanishing as the capability to effortlessly communicate worldwide has turned the world into a global community. However, in this day and age, there are still some fundamental

While trying to establish international operations, companies are faced with

Global approaches are not always relevant to firms in the Asia-Pacific apart from alerting them to the nature of the international competitive environment in which they are likely to operate. A global approach is not an operating strategy for Indigenous small and medium scale exporters (SMEs) and is only partially appropriate for local subsidiaries of transnational firms.

The process of globalization has numerous significant effects on countries, organizations, and individuals. These effects can be observed in the quality of products, in their prices, but also in their availability. Because of globalization, numerous companies prefer to expand their business on international level. Some of them outsource some of their processes and activities to cheaper destinations that allow them to reduce their investments.

Often these steps are followed by negatives. According to page 3, firms must face and understand the risks accompanied by foreign exchange, note the possible challenges of doing business with foreign markets, and identify marketing opportunities (Farooq). While these steps are carried out by all firms, they can be very daunting. This is why large firms, that are more experienced, proactively seek marketing opportunities. Due to their size, these small firms tend to be intimidated when it comes to seeking opportunities, therefore they seek them reactively. When these steps are not carried out carefully and as planned, the negatives of exportation come forth. Where most firms find themselves in trouble is when they have poorly analyzed the market in which they are trying to export, lacking expertise required to enter a foreign market, or poorly executed campaigns with their desired market. The reasons stated above are why the barter and trade system needs the two other key factors in order to successfully work.

For many multinationals, it 's a foregone conclusion that local distributors bave merely been vehicles for market entry, temporary part-

Depending on (other factors), there are other strategies that could have been chosen when entering the global market. Exporting merchandise can be conducted directly to other nations as well as indirectly; this option is more suitable for companies that have established business contacts within that foreign area to have a better chance of producing international sales and turn a profit. Like indirect exportation, a firm has a relatively low amount of risk involved and financial investment as there is no development of any new plants necessary to enter the new market.

In today's global market, diversity is a must. Traditional barriers are being broken down, and for many companies cross border trade is essential for the company's success and growth. A decade ago Japan, Europe and North America were responsible for over 80% of global commerce, but new markets are opening up throughout the world and these have brought increased opportunity and also competition (Murray). In addition, rapid developments in

Firm’s international experience, that is, the number of years a firm has been operating in the international markets plays a vital role to determine the pricing process followed by the firm (Katsikeas and Morgan, 1994). They found out that for less experienced firms, pricing issue creates less problem, whereas more experienced firms perceive pricing to be a difficult issue, although both type of firms consider pricing very important for making export decision.

Meaning and Definition of ‘Barriers’ and ‘Obstacles’: Life is a self-generated and voluntary flow of happenings running from pillar to post. But it does not glide smoothly as there are a number of problems which always try to check it. Similarly, the components that prevent the spontaneous stream of transmission from communicator to receiver are known as the barriers to communication. Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary of Current English defines the term 'Barrier' as 'a thing that prevents or controls movement from one place to another' or 'a thing that makes communication or good relationships between people difficult or impossible.1 Thus, it is clear that the barriers are nothing but the sources of interruption which stop the volitional flow of something running from one place to another. Besides, Shorter Oxford English Dictionary defines the term 'obstacle' as 'a thing that stands in the way and obstructs progress'.2 Consequently, we can state that there is no difference between ‘barrier’ and ‘obstacle’ as

For firms seeking to engage in international business, government intervention may increase both the risks and costs they undergo. With liberalised trade, firms

• Exporting requires significantly lower level of investment than other modes of international expansion, such as FDI. As you might expect, the lower risk of export typically results in a lower rate of return on sales than possible though other modes of international business. In other words, the usual return on export sales may not be tremendous, but neither is the risk.

International trade has helped business in capturing market potential and growing internationally. Today no country operates its trade independently and this reason itself has reduced importance of geographical boundaries and made trade associations like WTO, IMF etc. more significant. The duration of my Bachelors in Commerce has cultivated deep interest in me towards understanding dynamics of International trade and using it as a tool to add value to business.