Exploratory Factor Analysis Paper

If the CEO wants to have 95.44 percent confidence that the estimates of awareness and positive image are within +/- 2 percent of true value, the required sample size should be 2221. I came up with that answer by doing the following:

β0 is a constant and β1- β8 are coefficient parameters to be estimated. The priori expectation signs of the parameters are β1 = β2 = β3 = β4 = β5 = β6 > 0 i.e. all the independent/explanatory variables are projected to have positive force on the dependent/endogenous variable.

There are two types of people that were asked to take a survey. First, the teachers and assistant teachers were asked to take an eight question survey. Secondly, the parents of young children were asked to take a ten question survey. Each survey was short and all multiple

One of the most important foundational skills in the primary grades is learning how to read proficiently. This skill is a key indicator for student’s success for the rest of their educational careers (Wigfield, Guthrie, Perencevich, Taboada, Klauda, Mcrae, & Barbosa, 2008). The teacher researcher believes that the students in her class are not motivated to read paper bound books, and that by implementing an online reading program it will increase her students motivation to complete their nightly reading homework. She also believes that when students complete their nightly reading homework on a regular basis this will help improve the students reading comprehension and fluency scores. It will also have an important impact on the overall academic functioning of students according to (DioGuardi , Theodore, Hughes, Aloiso, Eccles, & Eccles,

The following table illustrates the factors that may influence teachers’ formative assessment literacy. It is shown that in model 1, gender has been proven to be a significant factor predicting formative assessment literacy by which female teachers are more likely to have better understanding of formative assessment than male teachers. However, two other predictors in model 1 (occupational status as being PNS or Non PNS and education qualification as being either S1 or S2 graduates) do not significantly predict teachers’ understanding of formative assessment. In model 2 however, none of the demographic predictors are proven to have significant impact of formative assessment literacy.

Although the study asked a variety of common survey questions such as gender, age, parents’ education, etc. It also went beyond that. There were interviews with the children, the parents, and even the administrators asking a variety of questions that were more personal and had to do with daily life activities and what the parents would do for and with their children (Do they spank them? Did the parents take them to the museum frequently? Do their children watch a lot of television?). If all the correct questions were asked meaningful representative data could have been collected and further examined to determine if parents really do matter and make an impact on how well their children will do in school. Economists can determine if such things have a true correlation through regression analysis. “Regression analysis is the tool that enables an economist to sort out these huge piles of data…by artificially holding constant every variable except the two he wishes to focus on, and then showing how those two co-vary” (Levitt and Dubner, 163).

Research has predominantly used the children’s reports from the household schedule for exploring children’s coresidence with their parents. In the children’s reports mothers are identified and their information readily available if part of the household, but there is no information on the mothers who are not part of the household.

To continue, the procedures taken to collect the data involves a similar strategy used by Unnever, Cullen, and Agnew (2006), on their study, Why is “Bad” Parenting Criminogenic? based on the fact that they used a sampling frame of children from local school districts. For this

Exploratory factor analyses using Varimax rotation were conducted on each of the multiple-item scales, including the exogenous constructs ( information quality, entertainment, interactivity and vividness) and endogenous constructs (cognitive engagement, affective engagement, behavioral engagement and the outcomes of this engagement-loyalty and e-WOM) as a way to refine the measures in the study. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted prior to testing the full model to identify items with poor psychometric properties and to purify the measurement model for future testing (Anderson & Gerbing, 1988). A priori designations for each of the proposed antecedents of engagement (information quality, entertainment, interactivity and vividness), for loyalty, and for e-wom were employed in the analyses, given that they have been confirmed in previous studies (Mollen & Wilson, 2009; O’Brien & Toms, 2008; Shang et al., 2006; Shukla, 2009 ).

In survey method research, participants answer questions administered through interviews or questionnaires. After participants answer the questions, researchers describe the responses given. In order for the survey to be both reliable and valid it is important that the questions are constructed properly. Questions should be written so they are clear and easy to comprehend.

Parental involvement in education is necessary in order for children to be successful when learning how to read. Children who lack support from their parents and guardians often have difficulty advancing in school, and those who do have parental support and positive home literacy experiences often find academic success at an early age. Children are expected to become fluent readers, and a foundation for reading must be established at an early age with the support of a child’s parents or guardians. Reading activities at home and the influence a parent has on their child is beneficial for young children in so many ways, and at home, parents can reinforce what is being taught at school with their children in order to create a better understanding of learned curriculum and reading skills. Strong parental support in education is an important aspect of a child’s reading development because print rich

In addition, how the parents communicate with teenagers about social media is also important to the research. The sample group is focus on parents whom have 13-19 years old children can participate in the survey. The sample size need 50 participants which include 15 questions about what they think about the influence of social media and how they build effective communication with teenagers. I obtain the samples from different secondary school entrance since I know some parents will pick up their children outside the school. The survey only has one long question and the other 14 questions are multiple choices as I consider adults don’t have much time to participate because of working. $20 Coles vouchers will provide to 50 parents participants after they finished the survey.

Invitations for participation in research accompanied by a letter explaining the purpose, a character of examination and questionnaire form will be distributed to parents through schools to selected children.

Factor analysis is based on the ‘common factor model’. This is a theoretical model that is useful for studying relationships among variables. It is the general way to estimate more than one factor from the data. This model postulates that observed measures are affected by underlying common factors and unique factors, and the correlation patterns need to be determined. In the factor analysis model, each variable is assumed to depend on a linear combination of factors. These coefficients are called loadings. It also includes a component called specific variance. This is due the variable’s independent random variability. It is called specific variance because it specific to each variable. During factor extraction it is the variable’s shared variance that is partitioned from its unique or specific variance. The shared variance contributes to the determination of factors [2]. There are a number of extraction methods available. In this paper the Maximum Likelihood Estimation method is used. Maximum Likelihood attempts to analyze the maximum likelihood of sampling the observed correlation matrix [9]. When applied to a data set, maximum-likelihood estimation provides

A teacher may also volunteer to participate in the survey by collecting the data from the students and delivering it to us. It is important for the participants being interviewed, to be honest on the matter being investigated to enable collection of accurate data.