Exploring The Binding Coordination And Uptake Path Of Molybdate And Chemical Properties

Is your element found in the human body? If so, what function does it perform?

In chemistry and in our world there are elements that are needed for survival in our everyday life, and one essential element that both humans and plants need is magnesium. Magnesium is an alkaline earth metal that is the second element found in group two on the periodic table. Magnesium is an important element that is used in our everyday society and found in the industry, agriculture, research, and medical areas.

There are many interesting facts about magnesium. One of them is, China is the leading producer of magnesium, responsible for about 80% of the world's supply. Magnesium is needed for hundreds of biochemical reactions in the body. 60% of the magnesium in the human body is found in the skeleton, 39% in the muscle tissue, and 1% is extracellular. Magnesium is named for the Greek city of Magnesia, a source of calcium oxide, which is called magnesia. Near the end of their lives, these stars enter the carbon burning phase, also making oxygen, sodium and

Elaborating on an earlier point, our planet was lucky enough to have not just the elements the directly grant us life, but also the elements that indirectly grant us life. The advantages Humanity has been gifted with came from Stardust, meaning we can further credit stars for our existence. Stardust is in the food we eat (like Carbon), the air we breath (like Oxygen), the water we drink (like Oxygen again), and the blood in our veins (like Iron).

In the percent yield lab, we heated magnesium metal in a crucible to form magnesium oxide. Our goal was to find the percent yield of magnesium oxide when magnesium metal and oxygen gas react. Magnesium metal is a chemical element and is created through aging stars. It is found in the earth’s crust. Magnesium metal is the ninth most abundant element in the universe. Oxygen is the other chemical element used in this lab. Oxygen is a gas element and it is highly reactive and capable of combining with most other elements. It is the third most abundant element in the universe and

Copper is a very important trace element to the overall health of many living organisms. For example, humans, Plants, and animals. It is key to the function of organs and metabolic pathways. Copper is also required in enzyme systems that oversee multiple metabolic processes required in the day to day life. In the body enzymes are needed in the cellular movement of cell regulations along with signal transductions.

They play an important role in signal transductionpathways, where they act as a second messenger, in neurotransmitter release from neurons, in contraction of all muscle cell types, and in fertilization. Many enzymes require calcium ions as a cofactor. Calcium ions outside cells are also important for maintaining the potential difference across excitable cell membranes, as well as proper bone formation. Calcium is a very ductile silvery metal with a pale yellow tint whose properties are very similar to the heavier elements in its group, strontium, barium, and radium. A calcium atom has twenty electrons, arranged in the electron configuration. Like the other elements placed in group 2 of the periodic table, calcium has two valence electrons in the outermost s-orbital, which are very easily lost in chemical reactions to form a dipositive ion with the stable electron configuration of a noble gas, in this case argon. Hence, calcium is almost always divalent in its compounds, which are usually ionic. Hypothetical univalent salts of calcium would be stable with respect to their elements, but not to disproportionation to the divalent salts and calcium metal, because the enthalpy of is much higher than those of the

Magnesium is a earth metal with an atomic number of 12 and 12 protons in the nucleus. Humphry Ddavis isolated it from magnesia and mercuricmercuic oxide in 1808. Interesting Magnesium Facts: Magnesium is the eighth most abundant element in the Earth's crust.Magnesium is the lightest metal that can be used to build things, although its use as a structural material is limited since it burns at relatively low temperatures. Magnesium is frequently alloyed with aluminum, which makes aluminum easier to roll, extrude and weld. Magnesium is very light and siverly metal. Its lightness makes it perfect for use in many other metals. Magnesium is also an important element in your diet. Plants use magnesium to build chlorophyll molecules. alloys to increase

Chelate means claw in Latin. Metal Chelation is a process when a polyvalent metal ion form covalent bonds with a drug and binds tightly to form a 5 or 6 membered ring. 5 and 6 membered ring structure are very stable because their bond angle has no ring strain. Thus, when a compound is chelated, it will not be able to pass through the biological membrane, in another words, it will not be metabolise by the body but to be pass through the renal without being absorbed and being excreted though urine. Essential metal such as magnesium, iron, calcium and zinc are easily found in many food source and is vital to be included as part of our diet as these trace elements are helping our body enzymes, hormones and cells to work. Insufficient intake of trace minerals can cause symptoms of nutritional deficiency. (Glusker,1999) At certain times, these metal are also use as an active ingredient or excipients in pharmaceutical industry.

Iron is an important element to the scientific community, especially those involved in the branch of chemistry. Consequently, humans rely on iron for many different things. Iron is diverse from all other elements with regards to its natural occurrence, historic and contemporary uses, the origin of its name, and when, how, where, and by whom it was discovered. It also has unique characteristic physical and chemical properties. Without the discovery, and distinctive properties of iron, life on Earth would never be the same as it is now.

We hypothesize that FMRP interacts with Cyclin E mRNA. To investigate this, we propose to perform bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) in Xenopus oocytes. Xenopus oocytes have been previously used to demonstrate that FMRP binds to mRNA in the nucleus24. Xenopus oocytes are easily extracted from adult females and are tolerant of being injected with numerous RNA and DNA constructs. Furthermore, the amino acid sequence of Xenopus FMRP is more homologous to human FMRP than are Drosophila or zebrafish FMRP and so may be a more useful model than other systems28.

Many of these reactions are dependent upon enzymes to speed the reactions, keeping them at the high rate necessary for life. Many enzymes do not function alone; they have enzyme cofactors that aid in their function. Magnesium serves as an enzyme cofactor for numerous biological functions that require ATP taking part in the ATP-Mg complex. The ATP-Mg complex is present in thousands of reactions within the body. Magnesium also prevents the calcification of soft tissues. A magnesium deficiency in the kidneys can lead to the precipitation of calcium, hardening the kidney. Magnesium influences the permeability of the cellular membranes by binding with the phospholipid molecules (Fontenot et al,

When people hear about radioactive isotopes, they wonder where the isotopes come from. The non-radioactive version of cobalt (Cobalt-59) occurs naturally in various minerals (2). It also occurs naturally in the air, water, soil, rocks, plants, and animals (6). Humans even have cobalt in their body, but this is a very small amount. The body contains 1.5 mg of Cobalt-60 and the liver is the principal organ of where a person can find it (1). Some isotopes are made naturally and some are made unnaturally. Radioactive Cobalt-60 is not naturally made. It is formed when cobalt-59 is collided by a neutron making it the radioactive isotope (3).

Uranium is also a natural element on Earth. It is found everywhere in the earth’s surface. It is a metal and looks like lead.

“Oxygen is a chemical element with symbol O and atomic number 8. It is a member of the chalcogen group on the periodic table and is a highly reactive non metal and oxidizing agent that readily forms oxides with most elements as well as other compounds.”By mass, oxygen is the third-most abundant element in the universe, after hydrogen and helium. At standard temperature and pressure, two atoms of the element bind to found dioxygen, a colorless and odorless diatomic gas with the formula O2. This is an important part of the atmosphere and diatomic oxygen gas constitutes 20.8% of the Earth 's atmosphere. Additionally, as oxides the element also makes up almost half of the Earth 's crust.Oxygen is necessary to sustain most terrestrial life. Oxygen is used in cellular respiration and many major classes of organic molecules in living organisms contain oxygen, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and fats, as do the major constituent inorganic compounds of animal shells, teeth, and bone. Most of the mass of living organisms is oxygen as a component of water, the major constituent of lifeforms. Conversely, oxygen is continuously replenished by photosynthesis, which uses the energy of sunlight to produce oxygen from water and carbon dioxide. Oxygen is too chemically reactive to remain a free element in air without being continuously replenished by the photosynthetic action of living organisms. Another form (allotrope) of oxygen, ozone (O