Eyeballing or manual practice of viewing and analyzing crime maps is a method in which the analysis visually looks at the point scattering in search of the clustered points that are located together (Paynich, n.d., p. 373). This is a method that my department used for years, until the implementation of a data driven method of enforcement along with the use of predictive analytics to reduce fatal crashes. There wasn’t a county post that did have a county map with pins in three (3) different colors differentiating property crashes, injury crashes, and fatal crashes. After viewing the map for the clustered areas, that where the troops where directed to make enforcement efforts. The issues, there were no times, days, or probability associated …show more content…
The methodology used is Tenth-Degree (6.8 mi. x 5.6 mi.) Squares 0.1o latitude by 0.1o longitude Define unique identifier (3 digits of Lat + 3 digits of Lon). Model inputs are weather – clear, cloudy, fog, snow, precipitation, roadway factors – access control codes, surface codes, route signing, road alignment code, road profile code, traffic control function code. Crash – severity, towed indicator, number of units – only data with GIS coordinates available were included in the model. Present results are based on Tennessee Highway Patrol (THP) district boundaries, classification using quintiles with graduated colors ("TITAN," n.d.).
The result of detailed crime mapping vs. eyeballing has been remarkable, driving while under the influence arrests have increase of 140%, seat belt enforcement has increased 243% since 2010. Impaired related fatalities have lowered from 28% to 21%, unrestrained fatalities have decreased from 54% to 48%, and seat belt usage rate has risen from 83% to 87% over the same period. Tennessee has experienced five (5) of the six (6) lowest fatality years since 1963 with five (5) times the traffic counts; the fifty (50) year average stands at 1416 and the last five (5) year average stands at 993 ("Crash Data,"
Substance abuse is a key component to the problems that we face today as a society. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration ("Alcohol-Impaired Driving", 2009) in 2009, 32% of all motor vehicle traffic fatalities in the United States were due to alcohol-impaired driving crashes. Surveys were also conducted by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Compton, & Berning, 2009) so researchers were able to estimate not only the prevalence of drinking and driving, but for the first time they were also able to collect data on the number of drivers who were under the influence of drugs that impaired their abilities. In this data, it was found that 16% of weekend night time drivers tested positive for impairing drugs, in contrast to the 2% of drivers who were at the legal alcohol limit; making drugs 7 times more prevalent. These statistics show that “drugged” driving is a concern for not only law enforcement but also puts other drivers at risk of becoming a part of future statistics.
Alcohol-impaired driving fatalities were 1,028 in 2008 for the state of California (Century Council). Of those deaths, 68% of the drivers were considered “Hardcore Drunk Drivers”; drivers who had a BAC level of 0.15+ (Century Council). Unfortunately, the drivers who got behind the wheel of those vehicles now have to deal with the fact that they slaughtered a person(s), because they made the choice to drive their car when they knew they had consumed alcohol.
Results: As we are able to gather from both of these graph which came from U.S. Department of Transportation. We are currently slightly down on DUI’s, but the part that I have found to be even more shocking in a good way that fatalities not involving alcohol has drop almost 10,000. While this graph only shows the amount of crashes it does not put it in as detailed as the next graph does.
I shadowed Dr. Martin Skie at the University of Toledo Medical Center when I started contemplating a career as a physician. He is an orthopedic surgeon and I had the privilege to shadow during several surgeries, and throughout clinical rotations. I spent over fifty hours shadowing him over the course of a month. I also had the opportunity to shadow Dr. Zachary Ginsberg, an intensivist, in Kettering Medical Center’s intensive care unit. I was able to discuss the patients, their conditions, the lab results, imaging studies, medications, procedures, and the science behind the thought process while shadowing for over one hundred hours over several months. Both opportunities provided insight into different specialties and sparked my interest.Since
As to my own part, having turned my thoughts for many years, upon this important subject, and maturely weighed the several schemes of our projectors, I have always found them grossly mistaken in their computation. It is true. There are not enough drivers who drive under the influence. In the year 2001, MADD Online approximated that only one in ten drivers, a mere 25 million, drove drunk, and, consequently these drivers were the ones significantly more likely to be involved in a crash of some sort, but why shouldn’t we level the playing field? (1)
A variety of risks are involved with driving a vehicle; one of the most important risks associated with driving is impairment. Impaired driving is one the problems that has been a criminal act in Canada since 1921(statcan). Individuals who drive vehicles while under the influence of drugs and alcohol present themselves immediate danger through lack of attention and a rise in unsafe driving practices. Furthermore, impairment also presents drivers increased chances of receiving tickets which pose additional financial issues. Impaired driving can include the use of marijuana, prescription drugs, non-prescribed drugs and alcohol. "Impaired driving is the leading cause of death on highways. Police patrols can reduce road accidents, provided they are effective"(Dionne, 2006). Studies focusing on higher police patrol presence and road blocks have data concluding the positive effects on the communities that are a part of the plan to reduce drinking and driving. Although drinking and driving had steadily been on the decline for the past 25 years there was a small rise from 2006 to 2011.(statcan). The fight against drinking and driving has led to
In 2013, 10,076 people were killed in drunk driving incidents. Out of those people, 65% (6,515) were drivers, 27% (2,724) were passengers, and 8% (837) were non-passengers (“Drunk Driving Statistics”). Over half of those fatalities (67.1%) involved blood alcohol levels over .15% (“Drunk Driving Statistics”). The legal blood-alcohol content is .08%. Drunk driving caused 31% of deaths in car crashes in 2013 (“Drunk Driving Statistics”). In 2012, 402 people were killed by alcohol impairment in North Carolina (“Drunk Driving Statistics”). These numbers, though they seem astonishing, have been cut in half since 1991 (“Drunk Driving Statistics”). Even though the number of fatalities has been lowered, that number is not low enough. Most drunk drivers are repeat offenders. Lives are being taken because of the careless attitude of the drunk drivers. Drunk driving is selfish; those who commit this crime do not think about the extreme consequences of their actions. In North America it is estimated that 1-5 drivers has been drinking and 1 in 10 is legally impaired on any Friday or Saturday night (Root). Many groups, including MADD (Mothers Against Drunk Driving), are fighting to stop drunk driving. Unfortunately, drunk driving cannot be stopped. People will always commit this heinous crime. The numbers may go down, but unfortunately there will always be a number. The only way to continually decrease the amount of lives lost is to increase punishments for drunk driving.
April 10, 2013 I seated myself in a booth with my back faced to the wall. It was here that I had an ominous view of the Galleria food court. With pencil in hand, and notebook ready, I began taking notes on the many observations I noticed in the three hour window that I sat and “people watched”.
The sobering fact is drivers under the age of 21 are responsible for 17% of fatal alcohol related accidents, even though they represent only 10% of licensed drivers (Stim, R. Teen Drunk Driving: The Sobering Facts of Underage DUIs (n.d.). There are approximately 2000 deaths associated with under aged drinking and according to the blood alcohol content of the victims, the main contributing factor is binge drinking, averaging 5 times the legal limit. Research has also shown that more times than not, the underage drunk driving is not wearing seat belts, increasing the chances of a fatal accident. They have found that this # is 74% of the population of drunk drivers involved in fatal
This would accomplish not only cost saving measures in office space and information technology cost savings; but would allow the (CRASH) Crash Reduction Analyzing Statistical History, unit to begin to develop crime maps to analyze for crash reduction and data driven enforcement to reduce fatal/injury as well as alcohol related crashes. This division has expertise in the proper management in data management as well as presentation; they are a proven force in the community with the data driven crash program with reliable valid data in the seventy percent (70%) range. With our department’s partnership and ongoing relationship with IBM this should be a win-win situation for not only the department, but also the taxpayers of the great state of Tennessee (Subramanian, 2014). The evidence of it’s effectiveness is clear, in the 2016 State of the State Address, Tennessee Governor Bill Haslam, made the following comments. “Our highway fatalities are down 18.5 percent from their 50 year average. As a matter of fact, of the six lowest fatality years in the last 50 years, five of them have happened over the five years that we’ve been in office” (Haslam,
Dee show the traffic fatalities over the years. This source states that drinking isn’t the most common cause of accidents. The teen traffic fatality rate of sixteen to nineteen year olds is doubled the rate for adults aged twenty-five and older. Teen traffic safety has improved the past twenty years. Since 1979 the teen traffic fatality rate has fallen thirty-seven percent. Statistics show that along with the thirty-seven percent, only twenty-two percent has dropped for adults over the age of twenty-five. The age of traffic fatalities after drinking have been affecting more older people than younger. To add to these numbers more teens have traveled more because they are becoming dependent on automobiles, which means they are becoming more responsible with them. Between 1983 and 1995 the miles traveled by teens just about doubled. By vehicle miles of traveling, teen fatality rates have
Soldiers are trained to be altruist even when they don’t agree with it they are taught a sense of self service and duty and no matter how they feel about someone or what the person looks like they are going to help. Males and females soldiers the same.
Texas traffic accidents leads the nation in car deaths. In some ways, the large number of crashes is to be expected; Texas is a very large state. However, the Texas death rate of 1.44 deaths per hundred million miles travelled also exceeds the national average of 1.28 deaths per hundred million miles travelled. In this proposal, I will provide accurate statistics of last year’s records and then provide a possible solution to reduce fatalities.
There is a ancient evil stirring in the town of Waterdeep and no-one knows what it is. All evidence seem to point towards the vast labyrinth of tunnels beneath the city and a group of heroes is needed to purge it. It's up to you to explore the tunnels and find out what evil plot is brewing. Well that and grab as much treasure as you can as you have full rights of Marque to keep everything interesting you find.And so begins your quest on the 5th day of Marpenoth in the year of shadows.
Both Goldstein & McEwen, (2009) and Button, Sharples & Harper (2007) studies agree that crime mapping is effective in uncovering and monitoring crime