Facilitating And Inhibiting Factors For Learning A Language

Many popular theories of second language acquisition have been analyzed throughout history. The socialization of L2 learners, their present emotional state that is present at time of acquisition, as well as the comprehensible input and output with the use of scaffolding play a major role in second language acquisition. Let us also not forget the importance of written expression as well as reading comprehension with these L2 learners. Each play a role in language development. However, I believe that in acquiring a language, one must use a variety of techniques that work together to create a balance within the learning environment. Furthermore, all L2 learners learn differently and so a variety of resources will need to be used based on the ability of each student. There are many theories that have been developed by highly qualified experts in the field on linguistics. However, I will address those areas that I agree with as I present my personal theories on second language acquisition.

* support structures for learning and language development at home and at school (NALDIC, 1999)

Good morning everyone, as I prepare this speech I prepared it with the same intense motivation that of my peers and myself would have devoted for an end of term assignments, so late last night I began with the assist of my trusty friend caféine. As I drifted into my thoughts, I found myself reminiscing in the past. My first breath of real words was consequently grammatically incorrect and not English; it was in my mother tongue, Bahasa Indonesian. I lived on white and red soil, so naturally, I grew the custom of learning my cultural ties that included immersing myself into Indonesian literature and the media which created the foundation of my identity. Learning literature and media wasn’t solely following the Indonesian current, but

Over the past four years since John started school in Australia his level of English has improved a lot; especially his receptive use of the language. John is a talented language student and is achieving great results in both additional languages he is studying at the moment, English and Japanese. Due to his cultural background John does not volunteer to speak freely during class. This makes it hard for his teacher to find the degree of depth of his understanding of new concepts learned in class. However, he is a passionate language learner and his focus is to perfect his knowledge in both additional languages.

Language is the primary way to communicate, learn and express identity. Some language learners are successful by virtue of their sheer determination, hard work and diligence. However, there are other crucial factors influencing success that are largely beyond the control of learners. ' 'Second language is any language other than the learner 's native language or mother tongue ' '(Mitchell pg 5). To be successful in second language acquisition, there are various factors which act as barrier in the process of learning English as a second language.

In this modern world, learning a new language is a huge endeavor in a person’s life. In order for someone to learn a new language, it is necessary for them to learn the language structure, its phonemes, facial expressions, word collocations, and other detail aspects related to learning a language. When communicating with someone that can fluently speak the language you are trying to learn, talking to them may be a challenge because it takes awhile for someone who is foreign with the language to find the right words to properly express the message you are trying to convey. When learning the English language, I usually focus on learning words through images and books. I hardly ever translate the words to or from my language because

Students who are more introverted may observe and listen to others until they are more confident of what to say. Teachers need to understand that the outgoing student may not be as fluent as he or she seems to be and that the more introverted student may be more proficient in their second language than they appear to be. Although it will take time, both types of students will learn to speak their second language proficiently. While these students are learning, they will make mistakes. The article states that if teachers correct the mistakes directly, it may discourage students from trying out their new language skills. Modeling the correct language is a much better way of correcting mistakes then using direct correction.

Many popular theories of second language acquisition have been analyzed throughout history. The socialization of L2 learners, their present emotional state that is present at the time of acquisition, as well as the comprehensible input and output with the use of scaffolding play a major role in second language acquisition. Kirsten Hummel states, “The one most effective way to increase L2 competence was by exposure to ‘comprehensible input’.” (Hummel, 2014, p. 73) Let us also not forget the importance of written expression as well as reading comprehension with these L2 learners. Each plays a role in language development. However, I believe that to acquire language one must use a variety of techniques that work together to create a balance within the learning environment. Furthermore, all L2 learners acquire language differently and so using a variety of resources that are based on the ability of each student is neccesary. There are many theories that have been developed by highly qualified experts in the field of linguistics. However, I will address those areas that I agree with as I present my personal theories on second language acquisition.

Language acquisition is very interesting topic, recently become part of our life and it helps the communication between people not only enables us to understand others. Also it has aids in developing relationships, as we know this language is crucial part of everyday life.

The researchers argue that it is more helpful for these students to continue to communicate in their home language while learning a second language. Everyone obtains the language of their surrounding environment and is comfortable with that form of communication. The success comes, it is said, when the second language is acquired. In effort to put this into action, the solution that researchers Cummins and Kenji Hakuta recommended was to use teachers who were bilingual

Numerous theories try to explain the process of language acquisition. These theories fall into one of two camps. The environmentalist (or connectionist) theory of language acquisition asserts that language is acquired through environmental factors (Halvaei et al. 811). Theorists in this camp believe that a child learns language by gaining information from the outside world and then forming associations between words and objects. The nativist (or rationalist) approach, on the other hand, asserts that it is innate factors that determine language acquisition. Noam Chomsky, often described as “the father of modern linguistics”, falls into this camp as he believes that speech is the result of hidden rules of language that are hidden somewhere in the brain (Rahmani and Abdolmanafi 2111). Steven Pinker, a colleague of Chomsky, is a renowned psychologist, cognitive scientist and linguist who discusses his own theories on language acquisition in his book Words and Rules.

Over decades several changes have been witnessed in the field of teaching foreign languages, indicating shift from teaching methodology to strategic language learning. Language learning Strategies is a pertinent topic in the field of second and foreign language education taking credit from enormous studies that what an important role language learning strategies play in the acquisition of foreign and second language.

Learners who live in urban areas have the ability to speak and understand some English words by the time they begin school. However, there are some instances where learners come from rural areas where they begin school with only the knowledge of their home language. For these learners, using their home language in schools gives them a better understanding of the curriculum content and they have a more positive attitude toward school. The reason for this is because learning does not begin at school, but instead learning begins at home in the learners’ home language. When learners begin school, they are introduced to a totally new environment, where the classroom is new; most of their classmates are strangers as well as the teacher. They are also introduced to a new way of learning. Furthermore, if there is a sudden change in the language of communication, confusion will arise for the learner. This may result in the learners not progressing as effectively as he or she would have if he or she was taught in their home language. However, by learners using their mother tongue, schools can assist learners to cope with the new environment and link their learning at school with the experience they bring from

* In the educational field, the teaching learning cycle is a model used in contemporary teaching in both school and adult educational settings. Rothery (1996 in Derewianka & Jones 2012, pg 43) who originally developed the model used this to aim at disadvantaged children for teaching literacy and writing in the KLA (Key learning areas) who were from socially disadvantaged areas. Over time the model has been phased across other areas of the English language such as listening, speaking, reading as well as writing. The key involvement of the teacher also known as ‘expert other’ in the teaching learning cycle is guiding the learner to understand key concepts in academic literacy through use of scaffolding strategies to transform students

Language helps individuals to connect on their culture on a more personal level; therefore, it is a continuation of that culture itself. “Language