Factors Affecting Online Shopping

The fourth considers the shift made, From ARPANET to Internet approaching defense and research. The fifth section covers The Internet in the Arena of International Standards. The final section, Popularizing the Internet, shows the beginning of the wide spread of the Internet but before Internet connectivity becomes popular at the personal level. All things considered, the book states the expansions in Internet history between 1959 and 1991, with some proceedings to 1994.

It is important to know the history of the internet. The internet is a worldwide network of computer systems that are connected to each other by cables (Howe, 2012). The internet first started out as a military experiment. In 1957, the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) was created by the United States department of Defense (Computer History Museum, 2004). The project was started after the Russians launched a satellite into space for communication reasons. The satellite was called SPUTNIK (Computer History Museum, 2004). It was rumored that President Eisenhower got worried and decided to get the United States to launch its own satellite. They recruited Dr. Joseph C. Licklider of MIT, was made head of the Information Processing Techniques Office (IPTO)(Computer History Museum, 2004). Their purpose of the project was to focus on improving the military use of computer information.

The Internet is, quite literally, a network of networks. It is comprised of ten thousands of interconnected networks spanning the globe. The computers that form the Internet range from huge mainframes in research establishments to modest PCs in people's homes and offices. Despite the recent hype, the Internet is not a new phenomenon. Its roots lie in a collection of computers that were linked together in the 1970s to form the US Department of Defense's communications systems. Fearing the consequences of nuclear attack, there was no central computer holding vast amounts of data, rather the information was dispersed across thousands of machines. A set of rules, of protocols, known as TCP/IP was

The Internet influenced the United States more than anything else in the 20th century. The Internet first technically started in 1969, when the U.S. Defense Department’s Advanced Research Projects Agency or ARPA connected networks at the University of California and the Stanford Research Institute (SRI). From there, just three years later the creation of the Email was born by Ray Tomlinson of BBN. With many other novelties of the Internet coming soon after, such as the Domain Name System (DNS) establishing .edu and .com, and the first web browser, World Wide Web by CERN. As the Internet flourished in the late 1990s it became more usable to the public and soon became routine to use, making great changes in society. The Internet was integrated

Over the course of the next twenty years it was mainly utilized by the United States military and government to communicate with each other during the “cold war” with the Soviet Union, and the allies of the United States. By 1982 the concept and use of the Internet had been reshaped by the Internet Protocol Suite (IPS). (CNN.org) The idea eventually evolved and was adapted by the United States in 1986, when the Internet Protocol Suite expanded and began to provide access to supercomputer sites for research and educational organizations. The internet further evolved by the mid-1990’s into the mass commercial use we see today, with many early use restrictions lifted. Since then the Internet has continued to expand and continues to advance. (Wikipedia.org)

The Internet was first used for the military and government, created by the US Department of Defense's Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA). At this time, mass producing the computer was too expensive to mass produce to the entire public. The idea of the Internet emerged in the early 1960s and finally became a success in 1969 when it finally launched; the first connection between two computers finally became a reality creating a new computer network (History of the Internet).

The internet started as a project funded by the Advanced Research Project Agency (ARPA), this agency is a branch of the military. Initially, the internet was used to connect the University of Utah with three other institutions in California. The reason for this connection was to make effective use of the very expensive computers that these institutions housed by having them share information, this network system came to be known as ARPANET. One of the first applications used through this network was Telnet, which allowed researchers to remotely control the computers connected to the ARPANET.

The early 1990s is when the modern day began. In 1992, and Oxford University computer scientists named Tim Berners-Lee developed the World Wide Web. This was a data sharing space that anyone with an internet connection can access. Not just government research centers and scientists with access to top of the of the line equipment. As the 1990’s continued, the Internet continued to globalize. In 1992, Erwise was the first successful Internet browser due to the graphical user interface software it supplied. Erwise paved the way for Mosaic and eventually Netscape which accounted for 90 percent of all internet browsing activity. As the Internet started to grow faster, companies such America Online and Compuserve offered Internet through a dial-up network connection. This allowed anyone with a home phone line access to the Internet. The Internet was now expanding into residential homes and was expanding globally. In 1994, the use of the internet was expanding by 2,500 percent a year. Entrepreneurs such as Jeff Bezos

When thinking about the Internet, one always appears to assume that the development of computer technology has been driven by a few giants of the industry. Indeed, we always assume that it is the big people that made it. And yet, the truth is very different. The authors show us how many of the developments surrounding the Internet were brought about with the support and often the leadership of the government. Indeed, it was the government funding that made a lot of these realities possible. Thus, this is basically a case study of what the development of networking achieved.

The traditional retail market has been transformed by technological advances. The internet today has allowed consumers to purchase various products from home ranging from apparel to groceries. The online shopping market has grown significantly within the past decade, leading to many online e-commerce startups such as Amazon, eBay, and mobile start-ups such as Instacart. While e-commerce provides convenience for shopping, it has created major disruption to the traditional shopping industries. Traditional retailers have since faced bankruptcy due to their inability to compete with such start-ups. The traditional American toy store, Toys R Us, announced its state of bankruptcy just last month due to a significant decline in sales. More and more consumers are turning to online giants such as Amazon to purchase daily items as a result of convenience. According to the Washington Post, Toys R Us is just one of more than 300 retailers to file for bankruptcy this year, as Americans ditch the shopping mall in favor of their laptops, smartphones, and tablets (Bhattarai, 2017). Shopping which used to require walking or a vehicle trip to stores is no longer required for consumers with online shopping. Online shopping has appealed to consumers worldwide by encompassing the business aspect of service convenience which constitute saving time and/or effort (Jiang, Yang, and Jun, 2012). For consumers whom have busy lives and those whom are physically disabled, online shopping is a positive

Implemented originally in the 1960′s to share information by NASA, the Internet is a network of computers joined by other computers. The

E-commerce, which online shopping is a branch of, has been considered a great success on selling products to the consumers, but will e-commerce be enough to replace traditional shopping? The researchers have studied the advantages and disadvantages of online

This current study aims to provide a more holistic view of the factors that influence online shopping behavior in the clothing industry, by comparing the important criteria for purchase decisions between online shoppers and traditional shoppers. The factors that were examined include (1) Product variables: price, usefulness, quality and available information; (2) Seller attributes: trustworthiness, reputation and marketing strategies; (3) shopping experience: convenience, quality of service, design and ease of use; and (4) consumer factors: gender, socioeconomic status and attitude towards online shopping. A quantitative survey was conducted wherein 206 consumers have completed the questionnaire through convenience sampling. The results of the study showed that male online shoppers for clothes are significantly more than females, most of whom still prefer traditional shopping. Traditional and online shoppers have been seen to differ in the importance they give to product price, seller credibility and marketing strategies, and purchase experience in terms of convenience, quality of service and ease of transaction, wherein online shoppers put more value on these factors in making their purchase decisions. In accordance to the technology acceptance model, the participants who have more positive attitudes towards online shopping are more likely to actually purchase their clothes

This research project was carried out to identify the reason for popularity of online shopping, to describe why eBay and Amazon became successful without having a High Street store, to compare eBay and Amazon in terms of revenues and customer’s opinions and to develop ideas on how they could improve their performance in future.

Of course consumers’ concern toward e-shopping is not only about time and cost. Some psychological aspects, such as information uncertainty and transaction security, have been playing an important role in dominating consumers’ e-shopping behavior, and have been even more widely discussed in the literature. However, ecommerce continues to advance, in speed and security in particular, it is generally believed that online information will be to a great extent improving both in quantity and quality in the near future. By that time, consumers’ negative perceptions towards e-shopping, such as information uncertainty and transaction security, may fade away. If this is going to be true, then consumers’ psychological concern over e-shopping may gradually be disappearing in the future.