Factors Affecting The Financial Crisis

During the early 2000 's, the United States housing market experienced growth at an unprecedented rate, leading to historical highs in home ownership. This surge in home buying was the result of multiple illusory financial circumstances which reduced the apparent risk of both lending and receiving loans. However, in 2007, when the upward trend in home values could no longer continue and began to reverse itself, homeowners found themselves owing more than the value of their properties, a trend which lent itself to increased defaults and foreclosures, further reducing the value of homes in a vicious, self-perpetuating cycle. The 2008 crash of the near-$7-billion housing industry dragged down the entire U.S. economy, and by extension, the global economy, with it, therefore having a large part in triggering the global recession of 2008-2012.

The financial crisis from2007 to 2008 is considered the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression of the 1920s and destroyed the U.S. economy severely. It led the housing prices fell 31.8%, the unemployment rate rose a peak of 10% in the United States. Especially the subprime market, began defaulting on their mortgage. Housing industry had collapsed. This crisis was not an accident, it caused by varies of factors. The unregulated securitization system, the US government deregulation, poor monetary policies, the irresponsibility of 3 rating agencies, the massed shadow banking system and so on. From my view, the unregulated private label mortgages securitization is the main contribute factor which led the global financial crisis in 2008.

Because of this downfall of the housing market, the U.S. economy fell along with other markets across the country. Homeowners had mortgages higher than what their homes were valued at, the decline in housing prices caused many people to default on their mortgages which caused the values of mortgage backed securities and CDO’s to collapse, leaving banks and their financial institutions holding those securities with a lower value of

In 2008 the United States experienced the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression in the 1930s, primarily because of the bursting of the U.S. housing bubble and increasing default rates on subprime mortgages which caused the price of house to increase once a high amount of loans were given out by banks to potential homeowners. Securitization played a big role in this because of how risky the regulations are and the giant corporate companies that are truly fluctuating and controlling the market. At the peak of the financial crisis new specialized mortgage lenders and securitizers came along unrestricted by government regulations which resulted in an extreme number of foreclosures and the stock market to plummet.

Now these financial markets have allowed many to become successful and live the “American Dream,” but have also caused many to suffer and lose everything. Back in 2007, the United States’ economy experienced a large financial crisis that almost paralleled the financial crisis during the Great Depression. Large financial institutions suffered a great deal and the stock market plummeted worldwide. The housing market took a huge hit as well, causing many foreclosures and evictions. This crisis stemmed from a major default in the subprime mortgage market. The bad credit records should have given some forewarning to the looming crisis, but the financial innovation for these mortgages gave investors a chance to succeed in the market. So as a large volume of cash flowed into the United States, the subprime mortgage market took off and became a trillion dollar market by 2007 (Mishkin 208). With prices rising in the housing market, subprime borrowers could simply refinance their houses by taking out even larger loans as homes appreciated in value. These borrowers were also unlikely to default because the houses could be sold off to pay back the loan. This benefited investors since the securities backed by cash flows from subprime mortgages had high returns. And this continued growth of the subprime mortgage market further increased the demand for houses and continued to fuel the increase in housing prices.

The financial crisis of 2007–2008, also known as the Global Financial Crisis and 2008 financial crisis, is considered by some economists such as Nouriel Roubini, professor of economics and international business at New York University, Kenneth Rogoff, professor of economics and public policy at Harvard University, and Nariman Behravesh, chief economist and executive vice president for IHS Global Insight, to have been the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s. All of them agreed that this is a “one in fifty years event”, however the latest Great Recession is not a typical cyclical recession of the World Economy and no doubt will last for more that usual two years (Business Wire, Reuters). The crisis played a significant role in the failure of key businesses, declines in consumer wealth estimated in trillions of U.S. dollars, and a downturn in economic activity leading to the 2008–2012 global recession and contributing to the European sovereign-debt crisis. (M. N. Baily, D. J. Elliott, 2009). So what are the cаuses of this crisis? Mаny factors dirеctly and indirectly caused the Great Recession, with expеrts plаcing different weights upon pаrticular causes. Major cаuses of the initial sub-prime mortgage crisis and following recession include: Internаtional trade imbalances and tax lending stаndards contributing to high levels of dеveloped

Apparently, the financial crisis that began in August of 2007 were the product of several minor issues such as poor risk controls, too much leverage, and an almost willful blindness to the bubble-like conditions in the housing market but the actual root cause was the collapse of the ethical behavior especially on the part of the top executives of the most financial institutions and the loss of any sense of fiduciary responsibility to the ultimate client.

This almost brought down the world’s financial system, and threatened the collapse some of the large financial institutions. Which luckily was prevented by the bailout of banks by national governments, but left the stock markets to fend for themselves, thus causing global drop. It took huge taxpayer-financed bailouts to shore up the industry. Even so, the ensuing credit crunch turned what was already a bad turn out into the worst recession in 80 years. In 2008 the world economy faced its most dangerous crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s. The contagion, which began in 2007 when sky-high home prices in the United States finally turned decisively downward, spread quickly, first to the entire U.S. financial sector and then to financial markets overseas. The American economy is built on credit, and because of this credit went unchecked and got out of control. Many people were taking out loans, mortgages became simple. Many people got rich and wanted more. Banks made a cut on the sale, then packaged the mortgage with a group of other mortgages and erased all personal responsibility of the loans. The housing market eventually declined, causing massive losses in mortgage backed securities. Many banks and investment firms began losing money. This also caused a massive amount of homes on the market which lowered housing prices and slowed

A financial crisis involves the value of financial institutions or assets dropping rapidly. It is often associated with a panic on the banks causing investors to sell off assets or withdraw money from savings accounts. This is the result of concern that the value of those assets will drop if left at the financial institution. As the crisis intensifies there is a significant change in the amount of risk that world financial markets are willing and able to accept. This results in easy credit conditions becoming a situation of tight credit and is accompanied by reduced consumer and business confidence. According to experts, credit is the most vital piece to a successful economy. Consumers and businesses rely on credit to make large purchases. In recent years, the American economy has experienced the most severe global financial crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930’s. Unemployment rates rose, and stock and housing markets tumbled. These combined had dramatic effects on American households.

The U.S. subprime mortgage crisis was a set of events and conditions that led to the late-2000s financial crisis, characterized by a rise in subprime mortgage delinquencies and foreclosures, and the resulting decline of securities backed by said mortgages. After U.S. housing sales prices peaked in mid-2006 and began their steep decline, refinancing became more difficult. As adjustable-rate mortgages began to reset at higher interest rates, mortgage delinquencies soared. Securities backed with mortgages, including subprime mortgages, widely held by financial firms, lost most of their value. Global investors also drastically reduced purchases of mortgage-backed debt and other securities as part of a decline in the capacity and willingness of the private financial system to support lending. Concerns about the soundness of U.S. credit and financial markets led to tightening credit around the world and slowing economic growth in the U.S. and Europe.

In 2007, the housing bubble burst, the main contributor was due to the correction of the Fed Fund interest rates. When interest rates began to increase the home sales decreased, the housing price crashed- meaning that the value of the homes spiral to all time low. The mortgages on millions of homes became worth more that home itself, this cause many homeowners to default of payments and foreclosure roused at an alarming rate. With the massive defaults devastating the markets it undermined Wall Street’s financial instruments and forced some of the countries’ largest corporations into a tail spent of chaos. The mortgage crisis was officially formed like a tornado leaving a path of destruction.

The Global Financial Crisis, also known as The Great Recession, broke out in the United States of America in the middle of 2007 and continued on until 2008. There were many factors that contributed to the cause of The Global Financial Crisis and many effects that emerged, because the impact it had on the financial system. The Global Financial Crisis started because of house market crash in 2007. There were many factors that contributed to the housing market crash in 2007. These factors included: subprime mortgages, the housing bubble, and government policies and regulations. The factors were a result of poor financial investments and high risk gambling, which slumped down interest rates and price of many assets. Government policies and regulations were made in order to attempt to solve the crises that emerged; instead the government policies made backfired and escalated the problem even further.

The subprime mortgage crisis is an ongoing financial crisis triggered by a dramatic rise in mortgage delinquencies and foreclosures in the United States, with major adverse consequences for banks and financial markets around the globe. Apart from the fact that banks based in other parts of the world also suffered losses from the subprime market, there are two major ways in which the effect is felt across the globe.

In this essay, we are trying to look at the factors responsible for the global financial crisis in 2008-09 which started in US and later spread across the world. By now, a lot of studies have been done on the global financial crisis of 2008. We explain briefly the role of the financial engineering which leads to combination of various financial securities, the actual risk of which is not clearly assessed and hence leading to the financial crisis. There were also some serious lapses in regulation and failure of the rating agencies in assessing the risks assumed by the financial products which accentuated the crisis.

The Financial Crisis of originated from the US housing sector in 2001-02, gradually increased and eventually brought the entire world economy in its grip. It is characterized by liquidity in the global credit and housing market, triggered by the failure of mortgage companies, investment banks, and government institutions which had heavily invested in subprime loans. Though the crisis started in 2005-06, but it become more visible during 2007-08, when many of the Wall Street firms collapsed.