Factors That Influences Blood Glucose Control

Diabetes is a disease where the body is unable to produce or use insulin effectively. Insulin is needed for proper storage and use of carbohydrates. Without it, blood sugar levels can become too high or too low, resulting in a diabetic emergency. It affects about 7.8% of the population. The incidence of diabetes is known to increase with age. It’s the leading cause of end-stage renal disease in the US, and is the primary cause of blindness and foot and leg amputation. It is known to cause neuropathy in up to 70% of diabetic patients. Individuals with diabetes are twice as likely to develop cardiovascular disease. There are two types of diabetes: Type 1 and Type 2.

Mediterranean diet, a low-carbohydrate, high protein diet, a vegan diet and a vegetarian diet all of which to have shown to improve metabolic conditions. The degree of the improvement varies from patient to patient therefore, it is necessary to evaluate each patient based on their only needs and individual metabolic demands. It is recommended that patients with pre-diabetes be made aware of beneficial nutrition intervention. Knowing what diet is best for the patient can significantly help with the risks of developing diabetes type 2. Medical nutrition therapy plays a role at three levels, primary prevention, secondary and tertiary prevention. For the purpose of this paper primary prevention is observed to help aim in delaying or arresting the development of diabetes. Different types of diet have been shown to be associated with improvement in metabolic condition. Modest weight loss has been shown to improve insulin resistance so either a low carbohydrate, low-fat calorie-resistance, or Mediterranean diet may be effective in the short term (Khazrai et al.,

The blood glucose level has very limited range for humans to survive and stay healthy. Generally, people are able to remove excess glucose rapidly from the body but this is not the case when they are diagnosed with diabetes and insulin resistant situations. The lack of insulin resistance can also lead to a decrease in glycogen synthesis and storage as it usually converts glucose to energy for cell’s use (Jensen & et al. 2011). When insulin is produced under insulin resistance, the cells are incapable of using them effectively which then leads to high blood sugar level as ketones and ketoacids are produced as an alternative energy source for the body. The rise of ketoacid causes the blood pH acidic and the patient may also be diagnosed with ketoacidosis (Newton & Raskin 2004). There would also be less intake of lipid and more of stored triglycerides as the lipids are effected by the insulin. As the glucose levels increase, the muscle glucose uptake will decrease while the liver glucose production and blood fatty acid concentration will also increase within the body (Lichtenstein & Schwab 2000). Excess glucose within the blood are converted to fat which can lead to Diabetic Dyslipidaemia and furthermore to obesity, hypertension and

Diabetes develops when an individual’s body cannot properly produce or respond to insulin. In a normal functioning body, after food is consumed it is converted into glucose, or sugar, that the body will use for energy. When the body is not able to appropriately respond to the glucose it builds up in blood and can create complex health complications such as a diabetic coma or even premature death. The HbA1C is a blood test a doctor uses to determine an individual’s blood sugar control over a ninety day time period as well as to make an accurate diagnosis of diabetes. The red blood cells carry oxygen from an individual’s lungs to other cells within the body. When sugar is elevated it will attach to hemoglobin and the higher concentration noted in the blood cells results in decreased control and the individual is said to have and a greater risk of severe health complications (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2013).

The response to each carbohydrate was quantified when the respective carbohydrate was given alone in a drink or when given in combination with protein and fat in a test meal. The data demonstrate that (1) fructose ingestion resulted in significantly lower serum glucose and insulin responses than did sucrose or dextrose ingestion in all study groups, either when given alone or in the test meal; (2) although fructose ingestion always led to the least glycemic response compared with the other hexoses, the serum glucose response to fructose was increased the more glucose intolerant the subject; (3) urinary glucose excretion during the 3 h after carbohydrate ingestion was greatest after dextrose and least after fructose in all groups. In conclusion, fructose ingestion results in markedly lower serum glucose and insulin responses and less glycosuria than either dextrose or sucrose, both when given alone or as a constituent in a test

Diabetes mellitus has a worldwide prevalence of 8.3 percent of the population with the amount of new cases diagnosed per year

There are numerous health care needs in today’s society. The demand for health care needs increases with the continuous diagnosis of different medical conditions. Once a definite diagnosis is made planning must be done to properly manage the different medical conditions, to achieve the best outcome related to the health of each individual diagnosed. Thus, health care need began evolve. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, diabetes mellitus is the seventh leading cause of death in the united states (CDC, 2014). The most common form of the chronic disease is type II diabetes. In type II diabetes, the human body becomes resistant to its own insulin resulting in increased serum glucose levels or hyperglycemia. The health

Diabetes is a condition that affected nearly one hundred and fifteen millions Americans in 2012 ("Statistics About Diabetes"). A big number of the individuals is being affected, but it is frightening that diabetes awareness is not emphasized as greatly as other conditions. Diabetes is the increase in blood sugar, which can lead to heart disease. Heart disease is still as of today, the leading cause of death in the United States of America, so diabetes should be taken seriously. Although there is no cure as of today, there are a lot of steps that can be taken in order to maintain the condition.

Diabetes continues to be a growing problem for the United States population especially type 2 diabetes, which “accounts for about 90% to 95% of all diagnosed cases of diabetes”(Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2014). Type 2 diabetes, formally known as adult onset diabetes, is defined as a “disorder of insulin resistance in which the cells primarily within the muscle, liver, and fat tissue do not use insulin properly. As the need for insulin rises the cells in the pancreas gradually lose the ability to produce enough hormone”(CDC, 2014). Diabetes as a whole affects about “9.3% of the US population or 29.1 million people” (American Diabetes Association (ADA), 2014; CDC, 2014). Despite the high prevalence of the disease, it is only going to continue to grow if nothing is done to correct the problem. The “United States spent an estimated $245 billion on diabetes in 2012” (ADA, 2014; CDC, 2014). This outrageous number and the drastic impact diabetes has on health should emphasis the need to reduce the diabetic population in the future.

In summation, diabetes is a constant battle with no end. In this current time, diabetes can only be treated but cannot be cured. Diabetes is not a simple disease as there are two types. The two type of diabetes are type 1 and type 2. They both affect two different age groups in the population. Type 1 affects the adolescence and type 2 affects adults in their late years. As with many diseases, the understanding of diabetes is continuous but many factors are known as how diabetes occurs in the body. With such understanding, diagnosis of diabetes is able to be done properly and the right type of diabetes is also established. By way of diagnosis, the right treatment can be

This author appreciates the researcher’s effort in determining a cause-and-effect between the variables. Many references were offered to support the hypotheses. The NICE-SUGAR STUDY (2009) was also referenced. It showed the efficacy of using intermediate glucose management (SSI) in lowering the blood glucose level in the acute setting. (Finfer, Chittock, Blair, Foster & Ronco, 2009). More importantly though, was the need to determine the relevance of SSI dose and the timing of meal intake.

Thesis: The increased knowledge of human health has uncovered the factors related to diabetes and improved the understanding of the types of diabetes so that prevention and treatment is possible for this disease.

The primary objective of this project is to find out the impact of an elevated BG level in the development of SSI in the postoperative diabetic patients and to prevent the SSI. To achieve this goal, the BG levels of these patients need to remain within the normal limits (Boreland, Scott-Hudson, Hetherington, Frussinetty & Slyer, 2015). The proposal consists of four steps. The first step is to educate the postoperative diabetic patients about the significance of tight glycemic control and monitor their BG levels (Sehgal et al., 2011). In the second step, the discharge nurse will provide a BG monitoring record to all the discharged diabetic patients who had surgery. The nurse will instruct these patients to perform

This paper will contain information about hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, the parts of the paper will talk about; the pathophysiology, the signs and symptoms, and the care priorities for each disorder. Read on to understand the two diseases discussed above.

Diabetes has been out for thousands of years and still no cure. researchers and scientist have been searching and searching for ways to overcome this disease but nothing yet. Everyone goals are to either improve, prevent, or cure this disease. Diabetes became very known around the seventeenth century because of a high percentage of people was found with sugar in their urine and blood. Diabetes is one of the fastest growing diseases that affects our society worldwide. The average person in this world does not know anything about this disease. The diabetes association said “In 2013 the estimate of 328 million people had diabetes throughout the world”. Society today need to be aware of what we are up against with this disease.