Wind
Introduction
Wind is created by temperature gradients , created by differences in heat received on the surface of the earth as a result of incoming radiation from the Sun. These gradients depend on the angle of the incident sunlight, as well as the characteristics of the terrain and are vital for the formation of specific regional climates. Land and water masses have different heat capacities which lead to an uneven heating of the planet’s surface. As there are different temperatures in different regions due to the aforementioned reasons, bulk motion of air molecules is created as the density of air changes with temperature, leading to concentration gradients and pressure gradients. These pressure gradients are what is we
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Figure 2: A typical Weibul distribution for wind speeds
Source : http://www.wind-energy-the-facts.org/the-annual-variability-of-wind-speed.html Intermittency
The greatest problem for wind power production integration into the electrical grid is intermittency. The wind is variable on different timescales, as turbulent gusts change the hourly production, and climate/temperature fluctuate the daily and sometimes seasonal power contained by the wind. This instability needs regulation and different operational reserves, in order to maintain grid stability and avoid electricity spillage/shortage.
Energy Storage
Intermittent energy resources can be used in tandem with energy storage systems for better grid stability. The most common technique for energy storage is pumped-hydro, which can be used together with wind to store excessive energy and provide it when required. Such cooperative systems increase the overall efficiency and financial viability of such ventures, as the usage of stored energy shifts to displace more expensive means of power production, like fossil fuels. The low maintenance costs of pumped hydro systems and money saving on peak electricity production make them financially appealing even though their starting capital investment is considerable.
Environmental Effects
Wind has minimal environmental effect as it produces no greenhouse gases. The only production of such gases occurs in the manufacturing stage
Unlike its sister energy supply, fossil fuels, wind power is a clean resource. Wind turbines don’t pollute the air like power plants, which rely on the burning of coal or natural gas. They’re free from producing atmospheric emissions that cause acid rain or greenhouse gases.
The main purpose of the wind energy is to create energy source which is pollution free and come with a reasonable price. The wind energy used in wind turbines are increasing their demand and becoming popular in the green energy world. Since the rebirth or rapid growth of wind energy took place from early 1980. The growth of the industry has been more than expectations. As all the good things the wind energy poses certain negative impacts of having high maintainer cost. Repair and data collection should be monitored regularly of the turbine to get the idea of placing a new wind energy plant or to maintain the old one. This paper explains the modeling of Wind Energy Conversion Systems and their technologies which is used for the generation of wind power and control strategies of the conversion system.
We are facing an energy crisis on Earth. Burning fossil fuels are harming the atmosphere; this global warming and affects produces chemicals that hurt our body. People are starting to think about using alternative energy. Wind power would be our first choice, because it’s clean, inexhaustible and renewable. Today, wind power is mainly used in Europe. We believed wind power would be the main source of alternative energy for world use.
“Worldwide, hydropower facilities possess a significant amount of installed electric generating capacity. IEA statistics indicate that at the end of 2001 there was in excess of 450,000 MW of installed capacity within IEA member countries, with about half in Europe and half in North America. In addition to conventional hydropower, there is more than 80,000 MW of installed pumped-hydro capacity in IEA countries. In contrast, utility-scale wind power is relatively new in the electric market, but increasing rapidly” (Integration of Wind and Hydropower Systems)
This has become one of the main concerns for people because energy can only be made while the wind is blowing. Some source of backup power is necessary (Smith 52). Wind Power alone is not able to meet the needs demanded of it at all times, this is unless some of the power made during periods of high wind can be stored through the use of batteries. Or another source of energy must be utilized to pick up the slack (per se), for example hydropower (Maehlum).
As the harmful side effects of fossil fuel burning become evermore recognized, the use of clean, renewable technology becomes essential to our health, economy and environment. Petroleum and coal emit harmful pollutants into the atmosphere, contributing to global warming, acid rain and a host of other aliments. Equally concerning is the dependence of the economy on a finite resource such as oil. With world energy consumption rapidly rising, demand is increasing for renewable energy sources that have no significant health impact or environmental degradation. Of all these so called “green” energy sources, wind power has been the most widely used. Wind power is based on the same principals as windmills used for centuries; wind turbines harness
On the environmental aspect, wind energy does not contribute to pollution as almost no waste materials that contribute to pollution are produced by the usage of wind power (Wright, 2005). For example, in the States, wind plants compensate the emission of than 2.5 billion pounds of carbon dioxide and 15 million pounds of other
With wind power not being a fossil fuel it has its many advantages for beings used. Wind power allows there to be free renewable resource. We will never run out of wind. Wind is abundant in amount and constantly around us. Taking advantage what we already have is the smartest thing one can do. Don’t you remember the saying, “Use what your momma gave ya.” Well how about we apply that to nature. Another great thing about wind power is that it doesn’t release any environmental emissions. There is not sewage or smog coming out of these machines, making the environment safer against pollution. In 1990, California’s wind power plants offset the emission of more than 2.5 billion lbs of CO2 and
Walking outside, wind blows towards your face, can you imagine the wind can transfer to electricity? Majority people in China have the idea of the coal-burning as a way to produce electricity. However, coal is a limited resource nowadays. Scientists had found out several alternative ways to produce energy, for example—wind power. Wind power can bring us many benefits because wind is an infinite resource; wind power is environmentally friendly while wind farm is also a low-tax project. Wind power, a new way to create energy, has become more and more popular.
sources produce, namely pollution, through the formation of CO2, heat, and other waste materials. Once factors such as health problems, global warming, destruction of wilderness and such come into play, wind energy becomes a very
Wind is a natural phenomenon on Earth, it is caused by the sun 's radiant heat. The sun to the Earth 's surface, different heat throughout the Earth 's surface, result in temperature and cause the formation of atmospheric convection wind. It is estimated that solar energy reaching the Earth, is only about 2% conversion of wind energy, but the total capacity is still very substantial. Global wind energy is about 2.74 trillion kilowatts, which can make create 20 billion kilowatts of wind power, 10 times more than the total amount of water power.
Modern alternative energy generation methods are limited by several factors including efficiency, inability to respond to sudden changes in power demand, and susceptibility to environmental events. In 2010 the leading renewable energy sources were hydro-electric, wind, bioenergy, geothermal, and solar Photo Voltaic (PV)[1]. Of these, hydroelectric made up 82% of the renewable resource energy generation, while the other means all contributed about equally. These relationships can be seen clearly in the table below. Although hydroelectric makes up a large portion of the electricity produced, it is not appropriate to discount the other sources due to the frequency where hydroelectric power generation is unpractical. It is important to have a
Carbon dioxide produced by the increasing use of fossil fuels has caused a phenomenon known as climate change. Fossil fuels pollute our air, water, and land, and scientists are trying to find alternatives to these fuel sources. Wind is used as an alternative because there is a never ending amount, and it does not contaminate our Earth. Activists avow that it is one of the best options, yet they fail to mention the problems it creates. Wind energy is not reliable, still depends on fossil fuels to function properly all the time, and even creates complications for humans.
Technological and manufacturing progress along with climate change concerns are transforming the electric power system with the integration of an increasing number of renewable sources that are difficult to plan and control due to its volatility and lack of active dispatchable control. This is challenging the reliability, efficiency and security of the grid. However, they offer a potentially synergistic development as these Distributed Energy Resources (DERS) can provide the requisite for demand response and reserves for economically sustainable massive renewable energy integration. In spite of that, today’s centralized power markets do not allow for the procurement of reserve services and the accommodation of demand response. In this
With increased additions of renewable sources in our existing infrastructure, major challenges are arising, as their supply is generally unstable and unpredictable. Too often, integrated renewable sources are curtailed and the energy is wasted for the safety of our existing electrical grid [1-6]. A logical solution would be to include large-scale energy storage systems, which would reduce the curtailment and increase the utilization of these clean sources, such as wind turbines and photovoltaics. A large-scale energy storage system would allow the renewable sources to store excess power during periods of low demand, and provide the stored energy during periods of peak electricity demand. Therefore, allowing renewable sources to provide