Fall-Related Traumas

Falls among any individual can cause significant trauma, often leading to an increase in mortality. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2012), one in every three adults over the age of 65 falls each year. Long-term care facilities account for many of these falls, with an average of 1.5 falls occurring per nursing home bed annually (Vu, Weintraub, & Rubenstein, 2004). In 2001, the American Geriatric Society, British Geriatric Society, and the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Panel on Falls Prevention published specific guidelines to prevent falls in long-term

Falling is a common cause of the health problem, leading to injury, hospitalization, institutionalization, and even mortality in community-dwelling older adults (1, 2). It is estimated that 30–40% of older adults experience at least 1 fall a year. This amounts to direct costs of 0.1% and 1.5%, respectively, of the total healthcare expenditures of the United States and European countries (3). Over the past few decades, a number of risk factors of falling have been identified (e.g., mobility, mental status, vision, hearing, blood pressure, hip weakness, medications, and balance control) (4-6). Prospective study also finds previous fall experience as a significant predictor of future falls (7). It is therefore important to obtain a good understanding of risk factors for falls to enable identification of targets for intervention and prevention.

In USA, one in three adults over age 65 suffer fall while 20% to 30% experience moderate to severe injuries (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010). In 2010, the cost of falls among elderly people for US health care system was over $30 billion (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010). Over the last few decades the rate of fall related deaths in USA has sharply been escalating. Many older adults have developed the fear of falling, limiting their social activity and forcing them to live in fear. Some adults suffer lacerations, fracture and trauma during fall, deteriorating their quality of life.

Falls are highly common amongst the elderly, particularly those who lack mobility, are in hospital, or are living in a nursing home. When an elderly person falls, their activities of daily living may be impacted due to injuries sustained from the fall. It is essential that precautions are put in place to prevent falls in all settings. This essay will discuss the statistics surrounding falls, prevention strategies, and the impacts of a fall on a patient’s ability to complete activities of daily living.

The widespread falls among the geriatric population reduce their quality of life and take away their functional independence. Lee et al (2013) state that falls leads to the rise in mortality rates and morbidity complications such as fractures and disabilities,1 out of 3 elderly persons in a community setting falls in a year. About 87% of all fractures in the elderly are due to falls. Several of the risk factors that are associated with falls are visual impairments, cognitive impairments, and health-related problems: arthritis, orthostatic, back pains, lack of balance-weakening muscles, previous falls, polypharmacy or psychoactive drugs (Lee et al, 2013).

Millions of older adults, sixty-five years and up encounter a fall each year.1 According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, one in three older adults fall each year; only half

Every year, about one third of everyone over the age of 65 falls, and do not report it to their doctors. Falls are the leading cause of fatal and nonfatal injuries in older people (Falls Among Older Adults). Falls become more common as people age because their bones become more brittle and their muscle mass decreases. In society today, the baby boomers are aging, which means falls will continue to increase in frequency. When a person falls, it doesn’t just affect the victim; it affects everyone. In 2012, approximately $30 billion went towards medical costs that were associated with falls (Falls Among Older Adults). To prevent more people being injured and more money being spent, there has to be a change.

A fall is a lethal event that results from an amalgamation of both intrinsic and extrinsic factors which predispose an elderly person to the incident (Naqvi et al 2009). The frequency of hospital admission due to falls for older people in Australia, Canada, UK and Northern Ireland range from 1.6 to 3.0 per 10 000 population (WHO 2012). The prevalence of senior citizen’s falls in acute care settings varies widely and the danger of falling rises with escalating age or frailty. Falls of hospitalized older adults are one of the major patient safety issues in terms of morbidity, mortality, and decreased socialization

According to the CDC (2015), the unintentional falls are the leading cause of both nonfatal injuries and fatal injuries requiring emergency treatment in adults and older adults. Moreover, the consequence of falls leads to more hospital admission, disability, and deaths than any other type of trauma (CDC, 2015). Furthermore, the CDC reported the cost of falls that fall-related injuries are among the 20 most expensive medical conditions, and the Medicare pays for around 78% of the costs of falls (CDC, 2014). Therefore, the unintentional fall-related injury caused by unsafe environments may be the vital health issue in that

Falls are considered a leading cause of mortality and injury among older adults and majority of the falls occurs while hospitalized. One would think being in the hospital would be one of the safest places for older adults as far as fall prevention is concern due to the fact that hospitals provide staffing around the clock for patients but more and more falls have been occurring in the hospital especially in the older adult population. Fall is an unintended descent to the ground. It raises public and family care liability; it also decreases patient’s functioning because it causes pain and suffering, and increases medical costs (Saverino et al, 2015). The Center for Disease Control

prevention of the falls could save older adults from related injuries and deaths. Researchers have

The Center for Disease Report (CDC) for Mortality and Morbidity Weekly has reported falls as being the leading cause of injury among the elderly adult. According to stats released by the CDC, there are an estimated one to three falls that occur among the elderly resulting in a direct medical cost of $30 billion yearly. According to Barbour et al. (2012) falls often result in significant consequences for the elderly adult patients including, hip fracture, brain injuries, limited functional abilities, and reductions in physical activities. Barbour et al. further reported that falls are more commonly seen in an older adults with some form of arthritis condition that results in poor neuromuscular functioning. Falls, as reported by Barbour et al. states that the incidence of falls within the fifty United States was highest among adult with arthritis condition as compared to a person without arthritis.

*The leading cause of fatal and non-fatal injuries (hip fractures and head trauma, for instance) in people over age 65 is falls. The majority of hip fractures in older people are caused by a fall, too.

Fall are largely preventable are more common in the elderly. They are as a result of two or more factors more commonly environmental. How we respond to risk factors to falls shape the outcome of our encounter or those of other with the fall risk. In this paper, the author discuss the consequences of addressing or failure to address a fall risk and the effect that this has on the individual, risk for litigation and the organization at large.

The Center for Disease Control (CDC) reported that more than one third of adults 65 and older fall each year. Half of the elderly people, who fall, do so repeatedly. Aside from the health problems related to falls, nearly $20 billion of direct medical costs are associated with fatal and non-fatal falls (Larson & Bergmann, 2008).