Fallot Colostomy

For both Atrial and Ventricular septal defect the size of the opening or hole affects how severe the child’s

A large ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a hole in the wall between your heart’s main pumping chambers.

Defects and problems with vital organs can be remedied through installing a pacemaker, surgery to repair septal defects, abdominal surgeries to correct obstructions/damaging anatomical issues in the thoracic and abdominal area. Abdominal obstructions are serious and if not monitored and treated are life threatening. However not all patients need extreme medical procedure, like surgery, because of the complications that come with dextrocardia. In many cases antibiotics are prescribed to boost or maintain the immune system because of the increased probability of respiratory illness as a result of asplenia and respiratory malformations. On average people with dextrocardia contract infections more often but overall dextrocardia, even in complicated cases, is manageable with the right care, information and medical

Atrial septal defect is a hole in the wall, or septum, that divides the upper chambers of the heart, which are called atria. Usually most children who develop ASP are fine because the hole either repairs itself or is too small to cause any trouble later on in life. If the septum is flawed, oxygen deficient blood can flow directly from the right side of the heart and combine with oxygen-rich blood in the left side of the heart, or vice versa. Therefore oxygen levels in the arterial blood that supplies the body to be lower than normal due to this case. Every person had a hole in the septum to allow blood from the right atrium to enter the left atrium as a child which seals after birth due to the pressure drop on the right

The definition of TOF reads, a type of congenital heart defect. Congenital means that it is present at birth (UMMC, 2013). TOF occurs when there is 4 abnormalities all together. One of the 4 abnormalities is when a massive hole is in the wall of the muscle (septum) that separates the 2 bottom pumping cambers (ventricles) of the heart. The massive hole in the abnormality itself is a VSD. A VSD is known as a Ventricular Septal Defect. Due to the location of the VSD, two more abnormalities develop. One being that there is a vast blood vessel which take the blood to the body (aorta) is pulled toward, and “overrides” the ventricular septum so that it sits over both the left and right ventricles; this is called an overriding aorta (UMMC, 2013). The second abnormality that takes place is that the muscle produces obstruction to the blood flow going out the right across the pulmonary valve. The right ventricular outflow tract obstruction, can be due to obstruction below the valve, at the valve or in the pulmonary arteries as they deliver blood out to the lungs (UMMC, 2013). There is different severities of TOF. The most acute form is known as pulmonary atresia. In patients with pulmonary atresia there is no functional pulmonary valve. The right ventricular outflow obstruction leads to thickening of the

Tetralogy of Fallot affects 10% of people with congenital heart defects. Patients present with cyanosis, shortness of breath upon exertion, improved respiration in the squatting position, and physical retardation.2 Structurally, the patient have ventricular septal defects, narrowed valves leading to the pulmonary artery, and a thickened right ventricle. The shunt is from right-to-left because blood flow is obstructed due to pulmonary stenosis and right ventricle hypertrophy. This causes decreased venous return to the heart and low pressure from peripheral veins. Poor movement of oxygen in the blood

Infants, children and adults who have a large VSD or that cause significant symptoms usually require surgery to close the heart of leaking. Babies who need repair surgery is often done at the age of 1

Atrial Septal Defect (or ASP for short and also known as “Hole in the Heart”) is one of the many heart defects where there is a hole in the dividing wall between the atria. This syndrome occurs at birth. Minor cases of ASD are easy to treat. In most cases, the hole repairs by itself so you would not notice that you even had such a defect. In severe cases , surgery has to follow, if not, it can be fatal. I will be explaining how ASD affects the circulatory system.

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome is treated through several surgical procedures or a heart transplant.The medication alprostadil helps to dilate the blood vessels and keeps the ductus arteriosus open. A partial septostomy creates or enlarges the opening between the atria to allow more blood flow from the right atrium to the left atrium if the foramen ovale closes. A baby with hypoplastic left heart syndrome will likely require the Norwood Procedure, which is when surgeons reconstruct the aorta and connect it directly to the heart's right ventricle. Surgeons insert a shunt that connects the aorta to the pulmonary arteries, or they place a shunt that connects the right ventricle to the pulmonary arteries. This procedure allows the right ventricle

Atrial Septal defect is the most common form of atrial heart defect that occurs when the atrium septum fails to form properly. It is a congenital defect that creates an opening between the two chambers (right and left atrium).

defects correlating with areas of noncompacted myocardium. Post-mortemfollowup and 90% develop LV dysfunction within a period of 10 years of

Cyanotic congenital heart defects include; Transposition of the great arteries, Truncus arteriosus, Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection. (5)

Atrial Septal Defect(ASD) is a very large problem concerning the heart in its overall function. When the heart, being the core of the cardiovascular system, has issues; it effects the rest of the body as a result. The core of the problem resides in the atrial septum. Normally the heart is divided into four separate chambers. But a person with atrial septal defect has an atrial septum that allows the blood from the left side of the heart back into the right side. This results in increased pulmonary blood flow and diastolic overload of the right ventricle. By having this constant left-to-right shunt, it can alter the pulmonary vascular resistance leading to hypertension or even the reversal of the shunt itself.

One symptom is heart murmur. Heart murmur is when your heart makes swishing sound heard in you heart. Other symptoms that are typically known is shortness of breath. This can happen when exercising or doing some kind of body workout. These treatment can be treated by different kinds of things. This disorder can be treated by doing heart surgery or cardiac catheterization. For the surgery they will stitch up the hole with surgical materials or your body’s own tissue. Cardiac catheterization is when they put a flexible tube in your heart to insert a device in the hole to cover it. People who have atrial septal defect face fewer challenges in their daily

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), one of the more common cardiac defects at birth, is the persistence of an opening between the pulmonary artery and the descending thoracic aorta. This opening is as a result of failure of the physiological fetus ductus arteriosus to close, which normally occurs soon after birth. This hole allows for oxygenated blood from the aorta to mix with oxygen-depleted blood from the pulmonary artery. As a consequence, significant strain is placed on the heart and pressure within the lungs’ arteries is dramatically increased.