False Angiography

As I did the physical exam I explained to the patient that I would listen to the arteries with a stethoscope for an abnormal sound which will let me know if there is poor circulation due to plaque? I also explained to the patient that by checking the pulse in the ankle and legs it would also indicate if

Can be caused by indigestion, emotional stress, when one's heart is working very hard, and not getting as much oxygen as the heart needs. After rest, the pain goes away. Stable Angina does not last very long.

Imaging tests will be done to check whether there is damage to blood vessels or nerves around your knee. This may include a test that involves injecting a special dye into your blood vessels and looking at the dye through a CT scan (angiogram). An MRI or Doppler ultrasound could also be done.

assess, diagnose and treat abnormalities and diseases related to the foot and lower limb in people of all ages

This lower extremities are most commonly affected. Atherosclerosis, Buerger disease and chronic venous insufficiency are some of the conditions that are connected with PVD. Atherosclerosis is the accumulation of plaque made of cholesterol, fat, cellular waste, fibrin and calcium which narrows or blocks the peripheral arteries and it is the most frequent condition that causes PAD. Whereas, venous insufficiency is an obstruction in the flow of deoxygenated blood form the lower extremities to the heart. This is due to weakening or damage to the veins. A nurse assessing a patient with venous insufficiency will find skin and angle discoloration, edema in the legs, heaviness and cramping in the legs and pain described as dull and aching. Buerger disease also known as thromboangiitis obliterans is a chronic inflammation of the arteries. This inflammation causes an obstruction in the small and medium arteries of the arms and legs due to blood clot. Buerger disease symptoms are cool clammy skin, reduced or absent sense of heat and cold along with pain in the legs or feet (hopkinsmedicine.org). The nurse will inform the patient that although Buerger disease causes pain in the leg, PAD causes intermittent pain in the leg which this patient is

O:Left Wrist: no edema, no discoloration, full ROM, no impairment of the NVS, radial and ulnar pulses +3, pea-sized bump palpated in the dorsal radial border that is firm and stationed and causes pain with pushing on it or extension of the wrist.

Uses signs, symptoms, and risk factors to categorize patients as low, medium, or high risk for deep vein thrombosis 2,1

each other to decipher and assess things in their own specify manners. Both the characters attempted to touch base of a circumstance considered proper for them genuinely.

Currently, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the modality of choice by clinicians in the diagnosis of RCT. According to a systematic review conducted by Smith, Daniell, Geere, Toms, and Hing (2012), MRI can discriminate between tendinopathy and partial- and full RCTs. The same study indicated that MRI has high soft-tissue image resolution making it the most favored imaging modality for RCT. Furthermore, Smith et al. (2012) reported

Peripheral neuropathy is a fairly common neurological problem and is a generalized term that means that there is a disorder in the peripheral nervous system. Being that this is a broad definition and includes many varieties and causes of peripheral nerve disease, a proper diagnosis is needed for the definition to be specified. The overall prevalence of the condition is about 2400 (2·4%) per 100 000 population, but in people older than 55 years, the prevalence rises to about 8000 (8%) per 100 000. (Simpson, 2010) Yet this does not include traumatic peripheral nerve injuries meaning that the number of peripheral neuropathy in our society is greater. In first world countries, the most common cause of peripheral neuropathy is diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. (Loganathan, 2006) Due to the fact that the diagnose of diabetes mellitus has increased in our general population of the USA, the amount people in risk of diabetic peripheral neuropathy is also expected to increase.

Buerger’s disease is usually masked by a wide variety of other diseases that cause diminished blood flow to the hands and feet, therefore, other disorders must be ruled out with aggressive evaluation. Usually Buerger’s disease is detected by a method called an angiogram or an arteriogram of the upper and lower extremities. Doctors may also use what is called a Doppler ultrasound to diagnose the disease. Skin biopsies are rarely used because they have a concern that the biopsy site near an area with poor blood circulation will not

Angioneurotic edema, also called angioedema, is the rapid swelling of the dermis, subcutaneous tissue, mucosa and submucosal tissues. Angioedema is classified as either hereditary or acquired. Acquired angioedema is usually caused by allergy to food or drugs. Common food or food additive agents include artificial food coloring, seafood, chocolate, nuts, strawberries, tomatoes and eggs. Hereditary edema is caused by a genetic mutation inherited in an autosomal dominant form. The great majority of cases of angioedema can be diagnosed based on the history and physical examination alone. Symptoms of angioedema include swelling of the skin of the face, normally around the mouth as well as the tongue. The swelling can be itchy or painful. In severe

I wanted to meet with you in regards to my Vascular Exam that I took last week. I have been putting in a lot of effort by studying and coming into open lab and feel as though my work is not reflecting my grade. Unfortunately last Tuesday I was unable to take the exam due to the fact that I had a stomach virus and fever. Monday night I was hospitalized and put on IV fluids and medication. Once I contacted Professor Yarbrough about this matter she said that I could take the exam Wednesday, which I did. I am reaching out to you because most of my classmates informed me that the exam was scaled and everyone was given 6 extra points, besides myself. I am finding this situation very unreasonable due to the fact that my grade is in jeopardy and also

Imaging reveals tumors or MS with great precision, but the neurovas-cular compression with a fair degree of precision. As progress in diag-nostic imaging continues, the accuracy of diagnostic imaging will likely advance. However magnetic resonance image (MRI) does not differentiate a symptomatic nerve with vascular compression from an asymptomatic nerve. (Patel NK et al., 2003). Furthermore, MRI cannot differentiate TN patients with microvascular compression whose symptoms will be improved after microvascular decompression (MVD) from those who will remain symptomatic after

An experienced board certified interventional radiologist read, analyzed and interpreted the CT venography and DSA data. Clinical presentations, compression of the left common iliac vein by the right common iliac artery, presence of collateral veins, narrowing of LCIV lumen and degree of stenosis was considered as the diagnostic criteria for diagnosing MTS. The compression level of LCIV was calculated and rated on CT using a method described by Narayan et al.(11) in which distal RCIV was used as the reference denominator to calculate the percentage of left iliac vein compression. The percentage was then used to rate compression level of LCIV as none (0%-25%), mild (>25%-50%), moderate (>50%-75%) and severe (>75%). Many studies and literature(12)