Fanon Violence

In The Colonizer and the Colonized, Albert Memmi’s essential argument is that the collapse of colonialism is inevitable. According to Memmi, there are only two answers for the colonized to disrupt the system of oppression. The two possible “solutions” are assimilation and revolt. In response to the marginalization of the colonized, both answers carry a high price. In Memmi’s eyes, neither will work in the end. The first of two answers on the road to collapsing colonization is assimilation. Imitation and compromise are not the answer to decolonizing, for neither the colonized nor the colonizer.

Okonkwo is angry after being made a fool of by colonization, and takes his anger out on the white man’s messenger by murdering him. Okonkwo has accidently murdered someone before, but this time, he does not stay to face the consequences. He commits suicide. This uncharacteristic act is brought about by colonization. Okonkwo realizes that colonization has won, and does not intend to face the consequences that the new government forces upon him for murder. With this last scene, Achebe illustrates how the white man took away freedom. Thus, the question of colonization’s morality in this book boils down to whether the reader values the freedom to practice ones own culture over the need to distinguish questionable practices in this culture. Achebe leaves the decision to the reader. The tribe has a patriarchal society with certain questionable customs, but also a close-knit community and a rich culture. On the other hand, the introduction of colonization totally destroys the tribal way of life, disproving some of the tribal beliefs and vandalizing certain traditions, but also brings an escape to those who disagree with tribal

According to Edward Said, a literary critic on imperialism, every empire tells itself that its mission is “not to plunder and control but to educate and liberate.” Twisted intents like these allow the immoral methods used in different faiths and cultures to be justified. Doing what is right is no longer the better choice if those who have power think otherwise. When one sees the outcome of the brutal methods in which alpha humans treat their “inferior” members of the same race in the process of colonization, they will begin to doubt whether these highly respected people should be followed as an example of strong and just leadership, and so strongly that one may deem the enemy the wiser choice to follow. In Orwell’s “Shooting an Elephant”

Colonized people across the globe were the ones responsible for their own destiny as they pushed for their independence from controlling empires. In the 1850’s to the 1900’s, there were many powerful countries, particularly in Europe, Asia and Africa that ruled through their colonial empires. This control was important as mother countries benefitted from their colony’s raw materials and labor. It didn’t take long for populations in these colonies to feel used as they started to realize that they had no control in the land where they lived. Groups started to develope, lead by the elite and upper class, looking for change.

When a central power comes in and dominates the surrounding land and people it is referred to as colonization. In some cases it can lead to a positive outcome but more so than not it has a negative repercussion. In “Heart of Darkness,” “The Powwow at the End of the World,” and “Heritage,” both the colonizer and the colonized experience negative consequences that force them to change their views on the world.

Decolonization is the undoing of colonialism, where a nation establishes and maintains its domination over dependent territories. In the words of Fanon, in the reading The Wretched of the Earth, “National liberation, national reawakening, restoration of the na­tion to the people or Commonwealth, whatever the name used, whatever the latest expression, decolonization is always a violent event.” (Fanon, 1). Frantz Fanon was one of many authors who supported decolonization struggles occurring after World War II. He breaks down decolonization into two senses: one being the physical act of freeing a territory from external control of a colonizer, and the other being the psychological act of freeing the consciousness of the native from the alienation caused by colonization. Fanon particularly advocated that violence was justified by overthrowing colonial oppression. In his reading, The Wretched of the Earth, Fanon wrote on why and how colonialism must be stopped. Fanon argued that the colonial infrastructure must be destroyed. “Decolonization, which sets out to change the order of the world, is clearly an agenda for total disorder. But it cannot be accomplished by the wave of a magic wand, a natural cataclysm, or a gentleman’s agreement. Decolonization, we know, is an historical process: In other words, it can only be understood, it can only find its significance and become self coherent insofar as we can discern the history-making movement which gives it form and substance,”

The first section of the book was about violence. I thought this was one of the most interesting sections in the entire book. When you think about colonization in general, the average person would not think about pure violence. They would more or less just think about a powerful country coming into a less powerful country and that’s that. But as we have even talked about in class, that is not the case. Then when we think about decolonization, one would think that the colonizers just decided their job was done and they leave, with the country now free and independent. But again, that is not the case. This section gives us a new perspective on both of those subjects and how violence plays a huge part. Fanon says that since violence was what started the colonization process, violence is the only option to be decolonized. It is not the colonizers that need to be violent this time, he says, the people of that country’s only way to be free of them and have any chance of a better country is to have a full on revolution. After you wrap your

In his work, Fannon identifies three groups who take part in a revolution. The first group, are the laborers, and according to Fannon, will seek violent revolt when they know the colonial government renders them as useless people and places them outside of the system. As also mentioned by Mark, the working class of the country, are most likely to take up arms and participate in violent decolonization efforts at the request of the natives. The third group, are people that the colonial government favored because of their higher level of education, may try to talk them the first two groups down and accept a compromise into the colonial system. If the natives, Fannon argues, do not desire to share power, they will reject the compromise and continue with efforts to decolonize the country

This section demonstrates how the fear manifested itself among the whites. The Afrikaners’ power is not in numbers, as “they were few” but instead in political authority. They exploit this and impose harsh laws on the black to try to control and restrict them. However, they have bound themselves in their fear of the natives, a force that is perhaps more confining than their rules. Instead of trying to understand their fear and show their compassion towards these other human beings, they instead choose to hide it so that they will not appear weak. Additionally, the solution of love that Paton suggests presents a conundrum. In order end the fear, they must love, but to love they must stop being afraid. This demonstrates the almost impossible nature of true equality occurring between the natives and the Afrikaners.

Frantz Fanon argues the decolonization must always be a violent phenomenon because resisting a colonizing power using only politics will not work. Europeans justified colonization by treating it as gods work. They believed that god wanted then to occupy all lands and spread the word of god to savages of darker skin color. Fanon joined the Algerian Nationalist Movement when the Algeria was being colonized be the French. Many examples of violence written of in The Wretched of the Earth were taken from the struggle for independence in Algeria. Also the writing is sympathetic towards colonized natives. Fanon claims decolonization causes violent actions from both settlers and natives and creates intolerant

For Fanon, therefore, colonialism is fundamentally a violent situation since "the stage is set in motion between two kinds of interests--the interest of the colonizer and the interest of the colonized" (Gordon 77). As a result,

In Frantz Fanon’s text “Concerning Violence” he establishes his response to colonization and decolonization to be the simple act of violence against the oppressor. I find that Fanon’s reasoning’s for using the sole practice of violence to directly reflect his past experiences. Fanon was affected directly and indirectly by experiencing the Fascist and Colonial violence as an African man and also witnessing the atrocities of his peers while growing up in Martinique. He also witnessed the atrocities of WWII when he fought against Nazi Germany and during the Algerian War as Algerians tried to gain independence from France. His only answer to the dehumanizing violent atrocities was to fight back with extreme violence to regain freedom from the world’s

Living in the same region for an extended period of time will endow the human inhabitant with a sense of pride in their homeland. When this idea is extended to a certain group of people living in the same area, pride turns into nationalism. The residents not only feel like they geographically own the land, but their history of culture in that given area lends them an emotional connection as well. When people of elsewhere come to take the land from the native inhabitants, many changes occur. In his book The Wretched of the Earth, Franz Fanon gives his insight into how the process of colonization and decolonization happens, and the resulting physical and mental effects on both groups of people. Telling this from a strictly historical and

The desire to conquer land that was previously unexplored has existed throughout history. This desire forced many indigenous societies, who were usually dominated technologically, to adapt to the teachings and overall system of the ‘superior’ conqueror nation with destruction as the only alternative. This causes a major impact on how a certain society functions, even after seeking independence from the foreigners. The rise and fall of indigenous societies can be analyzed through various media. Chinua Achebe is a novelist specializing in African literature, and this essay deals with the themes regarding colonialism in one of his many novels. In

Franz Fanon, in his seminal work The Wretched of the Earth, argues that decolonisation alias restoring nationhood is always a ‘violent phenomenon’: “To tell the truth, the proof of success lies in a whole social structure being changed from the bottom up…. If we wish to describe it precisely, we might find it in the well-known words: "The last shall be first and the first last." Decolonization is the putting into practice of this sentence.”