Essay on Fascism as a Single Doctrine

To understand Fascism better, it is basically a spiritual attitude. It sees not only the individual but also the nation and

Benito Mussolini and his creation of Fascism was the glue that held Italy together. Fascism promised national unity and condemned the Socialist party. To understand how Fascism became powerful within Italy, it is imperative to acknowledge the driving force behind this regime. To put it bluntly, violence played an essential role in the development of the Fascist party. Mussolini’s practice of fierceness was able to create a formidable system of government that did not tolerate weakness. In 1919, Benito Mussolini give an Afternoon speech, where he stressed the difference between Socialism and Fascism. Here, he states, “We declare war, against socialism, not because it is socialism, but because it opposes nationalism” (Stone 2013, 38).

Benito Mussolini outlines several essential characteristics of his preferred political ideology, Fascism, in what has become known as the Doctrine of Fascism. In this paper, Mussolini outlines his vision of the ideology, and explains the major issues that Fascism will address once it becomes the leading political system in Italy. Mussolini’s major points as outlined in the Doctrine included an extreme emphasis on nationalism, organization and modernization of the state, persistent focus on religion, life as a struggle, and the notion that individuals exist only for the improvement of society as a whole. Wolfgang Schieder, after reviewing the Doctrine of Fascism, explains Mussolini’s success based on it and

Because fascism has been practiced in a variety of locations, at differing points in history, with no specific guidelines, every seemingly practical definition of fascism is simply too limiting to serve as a proper definition. Furthermore, to speak of fascism in generalizations prohibits one from truly understanding the completely confused concept. To avoid such generalizations, one must look at fascism as it was found in specific examples. Such examples include, Mussolini’s Italy and Hitler’s Germany. Although these two instances are not all encompassing of the ideology, they exhibit fascism to the greatest proportions. Additionally, these instances allow one to get a vivid and practical notion to what fascism truly is.

"Fascism." International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, edited by William A. Darity, Jr., 2nd ed., vol. 3, Macmillan Reference USA, 2008, pp. 102-105. World History in Context, link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/CX3045300802/WHIC?u=idaho_s_borah&xid=b2913fd0. Accessed 4 May 2017.

The primary ideology of fascism, founded by Benito Mussolini, is nationalism: They believe that their nation (of which fascism is incorporated) is above all, and is the most worthy thing one could fight for. In terms of foreign affairs, the fascist nation should always be put first. Within a fascist country, the people are obligated to be obedient to the state and that the state should have complete power, as the good of the nation is held above the good of individuals. Militarism is also valued by the fascist ideology as a strong military represents strength within rule and enforcement. Furthermore, fascism is openly anti-democratic as it equates a nation to the majority, thus lowering totalitarian control and power. In addition, fascism believes all classes within a country should collaborate for the good of the nation, therefore opposing the ideology of communism. However, as fascism was enforced by both Italian and German governments, the differences between the two remain existent. As Italian fascism deems true to traditional values of nationalism (in terms of acquiring Rome), it is not valued as radical if compared to Nationalism Socialism (Nazism), a profound form of fascism. Unlike Italian fascism and emphasis on the nation, Nazism comprehends the nation and race as inseparable, stressing white supremacy and the philosophy of the Aryan Race. The rejection of the concept of race is what primarily differentiated Italian Fascism and Nazism, as Mussolini never fully

The state of Mussolini’s Fascist Italy and Hitler’s Nazi Germany, can be highly comparable in their policies and ideologies. Fascism is a political ideology, in which the country is to be racially and culturally pure. Mussolini said himself that “Fascism desires the state to be strong and organic and to always be prepared for conflict”. Fascism includes things such as nationalism, hostility to democracy, racism, the love of symbols such as uniforms, parades and army discipline. It is a totalitarian philosophy which worships the state and nation. Fascism is an extreme right-wing that celebrates the nation or race as a pure community which exceeds all other loyalties and expectations (Downing, 2001). Most of the time it celebrates masculinity and male supremacy, rarely it will promote female solidarity (De Grand, 1995). Fascist aims are to prepare for conflict and violence and to prepare and educate the youth. Both were able to gain support from military associations,

When looking at the nature of fascism, we have to look to how it originated. The social strata in the inter-war period and its structure and general opinion were a product of both direct factors and long-term factors. The 19th century was the century of the Liberalism as ‘the ideology’ in juxtaposition to the form of governance of the absolutist monarchies

Fascism. The name of this movement alone provokes thoughts of hate, racism and evil throughout all modern western civilizations. Never before has one word created such a cultural taboo for nearly two generations. As a people, we immediately think of Fascism as Hitler’s methodical destruction of nearly six million Jews during World War II, but as a movement, there is so much more to be learned. It is the aim of this paper to accurately and without judgement look at Fascism from its creation to modern day applications.

• This paper argues that Mussolini was a true fascist dictator who used power to manipulate and control every aspect of society, to its detriment, for the benefit of his own ideological agenda. • This paper

Its founder, Benito Mussolini (1883–1945), was a socialist journalist who joined the far-right wing radicals and built a personal army known as “The Black Shirts”. This army was made up of war veterans and unemployed men who were upset with the Italian government for their response to the loss in World War I. Originating in Italy after WWI, fascism gained supporters and even intrigued Adolf Hitler in the 1930’s. Fascists made a stand in 1922 when they marched on Rome threatening to overturn the Italian parliament; and in response, the Italian King, Victor Emmanuel III (r. 1900–1946), made Mussolini the new Prime Minister of Italy. The doctrine of the “corporate state”, which Mussolini applied to Italian governance, is based on a utopian model where society is based on unity and obedience, and instead of the state serving the individual, like in a democracy, it promotes the concept of the individual serving the state. Mussolini was able to manipulate the angered public into giving up their personal freedoms in order to achieve a sense of nationalistic pride and economic growth through the use of totalitarian and authoritarian rule. Fascism and Mussolini inspired Hitler to make decisions, like blaming the Jew’s for Germany’s hardships after World War I, that would lead to one of the worst events of all time. As seen many times

Released in 1932, Benito Mussolini’s The Doctrine of Fascism offered fascist adherents a better understanding of its basis. Fascism hinged on his concept of the role of an individual, which was only relevant as long as it was viewed in relation to the state: “as it should be, qualitatively and not quantitatively, as the most powerful idea . . . which acts within the nation as the conscience and the will of a few, even of One, which ideal tends to become active within the conscience and the will

In his exploration of 20th century fascism between the wars, Payne (1995) described Mussolini as the most liberal of the totalitarian personalities that dominated that period. Perhaps this was a vestige of his earlier involvement with revolutionary socialism, or a reflection from his early years. Yet, the fact remains that Mussolini, along with Hitler, was an architect of fascism and of the policies that led to World War II. The intention in the following pages is to explore Mussolini 's rise to power, including his childhood and youthful political development.

     When the word “fascism” is mentioned people usually associate the word with German Nazis’. There is more to fascism than just German Nazis.’ Fascism is an interesting topic that should be further examined and explained so it is no longer simply associated with German Nazis’. This essay will explain what fascism is (definition), how fascism groups are run, the ideology of fascism, and some past examples of how fascist governments operated.

Benito Mussolini’s development of the National Fascist Party in 1919 (H, 2010) provided great hope for a suffering nation of Italian people. Although Fascism grew quickly with an optimism of ending great economic and social turmoil, Mussolini’s Fascist ideologies eventually lead to an isolated nation. By further exploring the history of Benito Mussolini and his radical Fascist ideologies, it is easy to comprehend the attraction of such a concept, especially during times of immense suffrage. One factor not taken into consideration is an inherent fundamental human principle; a person’s aspiration for individual freedom and