1. Discuss the Guidelines from the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation and Treatment of High blood Cholesterol ----Adult treatment Panel (ATP III) for fat (total & saturated fat) intake and compare fat intake (based on the 3-day averages) to these recommendations. 1) Thousands of people in the United States died from coronary artery disease (CAD). And many people today live with complications from the disease. It is the goal of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) to reduce the morality and the severity of the disease. Thus, NCEP has released guidelines to the health profession and the public. These guidelines include aggressive measurements to combat the health problem and …show more content…
Therefore, cholesterol is wrapped in proteins forming lipoproteins to facilitate transport throughout the body. These lipoproteins can be classified as high density lipoproteins, HDLs or low density lipoproteins, LDLs. The HDLs carries cholesterol to liver to be excreted which prevent the accumulation of cholesterol in the body. Whereas, the LDLs transport cholesterol to cells to perform the functions describe above. One of the NCEP’s guideline regarding fat is to initiate therapeutic lifestyle changes (TLC), if the LDL is above the target range. This guideline entails weight control, increased physical activities and healthy diet 2) It has been proven that routine exercise benefits overall health and well-being. Furthermore, routine exercise contributes to weight maintenance and weight loss. My patient believes in exercising; however, she has a sedentary lifestyle. In the past she has engaged in moderate amount of activity such as walking five times a week for 40 minutes, enrolling in an aerobic at a community college once a week or working out to a 30 minutes low-impact DVD. She reported pain in her left lower leg which makes it impossible to continue routine physical exercise. In addition, she has been unemployed for the last four months and could not afford health care. Now, the client is employed and followed up on her medical condition. The patient’s primary physician diagnosed her with Lupus and prescribed Sulindac
Cardiovascular diseases has affected large number of population worldwide and in developed countries it is responsible for half of all deaths, coronary artery disease (CAD) alone is responsible for 1 of every 4.7 deaths in the United States (Eichner et al., 2002).
So, to compare and contrast the two diets, we realize that high-fat diet puts the body at risk by serious illnesses and diseases. For example, high-fat diet can result in a heart attack because of the fat that gets deposit in the blood vessels and disrupts the flow of the blood; in contrast, low-fat diet prevents the serious illnesses and diseases like heart attack. Low-fat diet also helps reduce weight, and obtain a normal lifestyle by keeping the body balanced, whereas the high-fat diet can cause obesity and unbalanced weight. By comparing and contrasting the two diets, it becomes obvious that low-fat diet is much better than the high-fat diet.
Dairy should not be a primary food group on the dietary guidelines set by the government because of its many negative effects on human health (given that people care about their health and the health of those around them). Dairy and other animal products are the only food sources which contain cholesterol. Arguments have been made saying that humans need to consume cholesterol in order to have a healthy balance of fats; these arguments fail to acknowledge that our bodies naturally produce all the cholesterol that it needs. And many studies have been conducted to support the theory that consumption of dietary cholesterol overloads arteries and can cause heart disease, artery disease, as well as sudden heart attacks. The Department of Community Health and Preventative Medicine at Northwestern University Medical School worked to interpret an international study based on data from the Food and Agriculture Organization and the World Health Organization. The overall conclusion was that “…dietary cholesterol levels are consistently related to CHD (coronary heart disease) mortality rates” (Stamler). A study conducted by Lena Ohlsson at the Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Nutrition within the prestigious Lund University in Sweden also linked dietary cholesterol and milk fat with artery disease and other metabolic disorders. In short, the abstract of her lab report said that low-density lipoprotein (LDL)—“bad” cholesterol—was found to be directly associated with coronary artery
Obesity remains an extremely serious issue worldwide. Once considered a problem for wealthier counties, overweight and obesity are now dramatically increasing in low and middle income countries (WHO, 2011). In American, the rates of obesity continue to soar. CDC (2009) recognizes obesity as a risk factor for diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, and other health problems. According to NHANES over two-thirds of the US are overweight or obese, and over one-third are obese (CDC, 2009). Treatment for this illness varies; it may include the incorporation of diet, exercise, behavior modification, medication, and surgery. Since there is no single cause of all overweight and obesity, there is no single way to prevent or treat overweight
High cholesterol is one of the most common diseases that occur in today's society. According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 71 million American adults have high LDL "bad" cholesterol. When cholesterol levels are normal, they normally do not harm the body since cholesterol can be beneficial to the body. However, if excess amounts of cholesterol are in the body, it can become a threat. "Cholesterol is a waxy substance that plays an important role in building cell membranes and sex hormones" (Overview). The certain types of food you consume on a daily basis may affect the cholesterol levels in your blood. There are two types of cholesterol, which is your HDL (high density lipoprotein), "good", cholesterol, and your LDL (low density lipoprotein), which are the "bad" cholesterol. It is critical that an individual maintains his or her cholesterol levels because he or she can increase their risk of cardiovascular disease. LDLs are known to carry cholesterol into your arteries and clog them, which can cause strokes and heart attacks. On the other hand, HDL, help eliminate cholesterol from the arterial vessels and transport it to the liver, which is then defecated with body waste. According to Sroda, an individual's total cholesterol should be less than 200, LDL levels should be less than 130,
Weight management can be assisted through improvement in food and medical stuff, physical activity or behavioral change, with a combination of all three being most effective. Where possible, increased physical activity should be adopted, with 150-300 minutes of moderate activity, or 75-150 minutes of vigorous activity each week, which has been associated with improved health outcomes, irrespective of weight loss. The level of physical activity recommended will be dependent on an individual’s BMI, fitness levels, commodities and age.(Prof.hankey (2006))
Although many individuals are uncertain about the increasing statistics associated with obesity, more than seventy percent of men and virtually sixty-two percent of women within the United States adult population are overweight or obese (Wilmore, Costill, & Kenney). Obesity refers to the condition of having an excessive amount of body fat. If an individual’s amount of body fat becomes too excessive, he/she is at a much greater risk of developing life-altering diseases such as heart failure, hypertension, type II diabetes, cancer, gallbladder disease, osteoarthritis, etc. (Wilmore, et al., 2008).
We constructed 10-year risk assessment charts of CVD incidence using important risk factors. Such a user-friendly chart included SBP, WHR, diabetes, smoking status, CVD family history and TC. SBP was grouped into four classes: (1) <120, (2) 120-139, (3) 140-159, and (4) ≥160 mmHg. These cutoff points were based on National Cholesterol Education Program’s Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III). TC was categorized into five groups: (1) <150, (2) 150-200, (3) 200-250, (4) 250-300 and (5) ≥300 mg/dL. High waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) was defined as WHR ≥ 0.80 and 0.95 in women and men, respectively. When FBS ≥126 mg/dL or the 2h post-load plasma glucose ≥200 mg/dL or the patient was receiving anti-diabetic agents, subjects were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. The smoking variable comprised current smokers.
Obesity has become the silent killer in American society. It is a risk factor for numerous chronic diseases including the four leading causes of death. Obesity can be linked to stroke, heart disease, cancer and diabetes, all serious health problems that can be fatal. Obesity is linked to 300,000 deaths annually in the industrial world (Flamholz, 2001). Often in society and in the medical community there exists a lack of understanding that obesity is in fact a disease and needs attention, otherwise the rates of many diseases will continue to climb.
The good form of this sterol in the body is your HDL, because it picks up all the bad form in your body and store it in the liver to be converted into the bile then exits out.
Annual testing for abnormalities in fasting serum cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, and calculated LDL cholesterol levels (ADA, 2008)
Walking is not simply slow running; competitive race walkers can zip by recreational joggers. The difference between the two is not based on pace. At any speed, walkers have one foot on the ground at all times, but runners are entirely airborne during some part of every stride. As the pace increases, the percentage of each stride that is airborne increases; competitive runners have "hang times" of about 45%.*
Obesity in the United States has more than doubled over the past four decades. Prevalence of obesity cause many other disease such as diabetes and heart issues. Obesity can be described as a health condition of a person or people of a population that have excess body fat. Diabetes is a disease related to high level of blood sugar in the blood. Obesity and diabetes are among disease that have direct relationship with each other. As obesity increase in a population, diabetes increases too. Jennifer B.Marks, Professor of Medicine at the University of Miami Miller researches in “Obesity in America: it’s getting worse”, Roger Z. Joanne a public health provider in the Obesity Action Coalition group researches in “Obesity and type 2 Diabetes”, Eckel H. Robert, Professor of Medicine in Colorado University researches in “Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: What can be Unified and What needs to Be Individualized”, and Obesity Society group researches in “Your weight and diabetes”, mention that while obesity and diabetes have different definition in medical process, the reason why people become obese and diabetic as well as how to prevent them is same. Eating larger portion size than what the body needs , lack of physical activity, and putting foods without good quality in diet are the major reasons that people become obese.
Exercise and eating healthy are two of the most important things you need to do to take care of your body properly. Both exercise, and eating healthy, have many advantages and benefits. They help with multiple things needed throughout your life. These things include growing physically, mentally, and if you are religious, spiritually as well. All of this adds up to your body functioning in the highest and best way possible.
Cardiovascular diseases are the number one factor that can erupt from obesity due to the main causes that it brings, like high blood pressure, and LDL cholesterol to a high count while lowering HDL. LDL is the “bad cholesterol”, and HDL is the “good cholesterol”. We need fats in our body for energy or ATP, in our body. If we get more LDL, it can really be a dangerous case, and