Fat Loss Metabolism : The Dieter 's Dilemma

However, “the epidemic of child obesity is still relatively new” (Source 7). Because child obesity is a somewhat unfamiliar phenomenon, “obesity is difficult to cure” (Source 7). Child obesity is the “result of eating too many calories and not getting enough exercise” (Source 1). Though scientists have made a connection between child obesity and genetic disposition, obesity is ultimately caused by the decisions we

The nutrition transition and the increasing westernization, urbanization and mechanization occurring in most countries around the world is associated with changes in the diet towards one of high fat, high energy-dense foods and a sedentary lifestyle (Popkin, 2001). This shift is also associated with the current rapid changes in childhood and adult obesity. Even in many low income countries, obesity is now rapidly increasing, and often coexists in the same population with chronic under nutrition.

Although the mechanism of obesity development is not fully understood, it is confirmed that obesity occurs when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure. There are multiple etiologies for this imbalance, hence, and the rising prevalence of obesity cannot be addressed by a single etiology (Dehghan et al., 2005, p.

This paper is intended to explain my nutritional endeavor for the past three days. I will be providing different aspects of my nutritional needs and an in depth analysis on how proteins fats carbohydrates and fiber take part in an everyday diet and what are these functions. This is intended to broaden my views of a healthy lifestyle, and how to achieve it through a variety of food groups. In this essay the resources utilized where provided by the educational institute with the purpose of facilitating my research objectives.

First, because American mothers and fathers were misled or failed to deliver healthy children to the best of their abilities, generations have inherited and still are inheriting genes that have triggered obesity. Early-life impacts, starting with the intrauterine environment, have shaped the path of weight gain and body fatness throughout a child’s life course. Shari Roan, a journalist at the Los Angeles Times newspaper, says obesity rates in American children may have risen because of pregnant mothers’ misconceptions and irresponsible decisions related to the care of their unborn children. She continues that Melinda Sothern, a leading fitness and nutrition expert at Louisiana State

This topic of obesity has been a rising issue for many years. There are many different reasons and predictions as to why the number for this disease is rising in America. Recent epidemiologic studies of diet and health outcomes including obesity have changed the focus to the overall diet quality and dietary pattern instead of single nutrients, such as dietary fat (Hu et al, 2000; Fung et al, 2001a, 2001b). The process starts with the lack of physical exercise and the food that people eat. As Americans, we need to picture more healthier foods to eat, have more physical activity to help food digest easier and faster. According to Campbell “to date, interventions have focused on improving the more amenable determinants of obesity: physical inactivity

This action from human metabolism makes it harder for people to control their weight. “Losing weight has proven to be extremely difficult for large numbers of people,” even with major weight loss programs, such as weight watchers, a program used internationally, “people shed pounds but regain them and many situations gain even more,” this is called “yo-yo dieting” or the constant loss of weight only to gain it back at a later time (CDCP 54). According to Sally E. Smith in her article, “The great diet deception,” weight loss diets and products, very rarely produce long lasting results. Less than five percent of people that go on strict diets accomplish losing weight and actually keeping that weight loss off for over a five year span (Smith). Ninety percent fail, and regain a lot of it back, even all of it in many cases (Smith). A third of that five percent regain more than they had ever lost (Spake).Since dieting is so hard, healthy professionals encourage exercise or a good amount of moderate physical activity, as a way of losing or maintain weight (CDCP 54).The determination of one’s diet is based on a balance of “energy in,” “energy out” difference (Mypyramid.gov). In other words, the amount of calories that are taken in minus the calories burned. For instance, if someone wants to lose weight, the calories that are burned through the whole day need to be greater than the calories that are absorbed that day.

Obesity: one of the nation’s most critical health problems. “Overweight is defined as having excess body weight for a particular height from fat, muscle, bone, water, or a combination of these factors. Obesity is defined as having excess body fat” (“Centers for Disease Control and Prevention”). When energy input and output get out of balance, obesity arises. Many factors can cause someone to become obese such as genetics, metabolism, level of physical activity, and more. “Overweight and obesity are the result of “caloric imbalance”—too few calories expended for the amount of calories consumed—and are affected by various genetic, behavioral, and environmental factors” (“CDC Features - Obesity & Genetics”). “When a person eats and drinks more calories than he or she burns, the energy balance tips toward weight gain, overweight, and obesity” (“Understanding Adult Overweight and Obesity”). Obesity is increasing throughout the United States due to lack of healthy behaviors, big health risk, genetics and increasing in children and adults.

Worldwide over the last twenty years there have been many research studies into the causes of obesity. While many correlational links have been found, it is safe to say that obesity is a complex multi-faceted problem. Researchers have found a relationship between fetal malnutrition and later in life obesity, as well as a relationship between the thrifty genotype and inability to lose weight. Both of these correlations to obesity are thing that an individual has no real control of so they will not be examined in this essay. Relationships have also been found between increased caloric intake, decreased physical activity, and sleep deprivation with obesity, which are all things we can control so they will be discussed in this essay.

With over 22.5% of the current U.S. population considered to be clinically obese, compared to only 14.5% in 1980, there does not seem to be a cessation of this epidemic in sight (Hill & Peters, 1998). Goran and Weisners' (2000) proposal that "... the inherently lower resting metabolic rate in women versus men is responsible for the higher adiposity rates in women..." is wanting, especially since the potentially modifiable factors of; less physical strength, less daily free-living physical activity, and lower total energy expenditure are more likely the cause of the differences in observed adiposity between men and women. Since our genetic makeup has not appreciably changed in the last twenty years, we cannot strictly attribute the explosion of obesity to genetics. As these biological causes of obesity are disproved, a focus on the environment as a reason for obesity is taking centre-stage.

The participants are selected randomly; they are healthy overweight women form age 25 to 50 years old. The women are divided into two groups. One group is provided with traditional food, which means that the participants select their own food using the USDA Food Guide Pyramid. The other group is putting on meal replacement, which means that these participants have to replace two or three of their meals per day with study meal replacement drinks or bars. Moreover, all participants of the study are excepted to follow an energy restricted diet of 5400KJ per day. Although participants in both groups don’t have much weight loss difference, the group eating fortified meal replacements present more essential nutrient intake compare to the other group. This study main goal is to encourage health care providers to help patients to increase weight losses and incorporating fortified foods in their

From Bogalusa Heart Study, came about a research scientific study on physical activity and dietary behaviors, conducted by Dr. Russell Jago, and colleagues. The research focused on energy imbalance and examining relationships between the dietary and physical activity behaviors of young adults. The claim is that obesity is due to an energy imbalance, in other words, more intake in calories is increasing, but, the energy of burning them off isn’t increasing trending along. The reason behind the study is to collect enough information to have successful outcomes of obesity prevention. The study conducted a sample size of just a little over a thousand participants with an age group ranging from 19-37 years, within the range seventy-six percent

It has long been debated whether obesity is a relative measure and should not be used as a stigma to label overweight people. However, the fact is, when the weight of a person significantly exceeds a certain norm for their age and gender, the health and well-being of a person tends to generally decrease in quality. Obesity might not be a serious disease in the commonly established meaning of this term, since it is not contagious like the flu, irreversible like AIDs, or deadly like cancer.Our survival skills are killing us. The human body has evolved into a fat-hoarding machine. Food that our bodies don’t immediately use for energy gets quickly stored as fat, and we convert this fat back into fuel for our brains and muscles when food is scarce.

One topic that has been talked about for many years within Kinesiology is the debate on whether exercise or diet is more important for losing weight and maintaining weight loss. While both or important for a person's individual health, a person's diet is essentially the foundation for a healthy lifestyle and an important factor in losing weight and gaining nutrients that can help the body develop. Many studies and experiments have shown that a healthy diet goes a long way in helping people lose more weight, but more importantly teaches them how to continue to treat their bodies in a healthy manner. Dieting has been shown to have a bigger impact on weight loss than exercise has. For this reason, it can be said that a good diet is more effective for weight loss as compared to exercise alone.

As obesity has shown to reach epidemic proportions not only in developed regions but even in developing countries, this study has been conducted to understand the relationships between energy, activity levels and carbohydrate intake (WHO, 2000). Personal data collected reflected that in comparison, the subject’s EE was consistently greater that the EI over the two experimental days, therefore the output was greater than that of the consumed categorising the subject as active and as their body mass index (BMI) was calculated to be at 20g/m2 , the subject was categorised as healthy (Lyons et al., 2012). With the percentage energy intake from protein being 17%, fats 33% and carbohydrates 47%, the subject was within the range of the