Fate: A Predetermined Concept Victorian literature was written in England during the time period of 1837-1901, it shows the struggle of working people and the triumph of right over wrong. Charles Dickens the author of the novel A Tale of Two Cities tries to educate the readers about his specific time period he lived in. One of the main themes in the novel is fate; fate is something that a human being cannot decide. Dickens’ illustrates in the novel that fate is predetermined as seen in the lives of Madame Defarge, Darnay, and Carton. Madame Defarge encounters many coincidences that will ultimately lead her to her fate. Not only does Madame Defarge encounter her fate, she is also predicting other people’s fates. Dickens introduces Madame Defarge by saying, “…when the one woman who had stood conspicuous, kitting, still knitted on with the steadfastness of Fate.” In the beginning we do not know what she is knitting, but later we find out that she is knitting a registry of names of the people who will die in the revolution. Dickens often also describes her as the woman who seems to be innocently knitting and watching everything that is going on. Madame Defarge encounters another coincidence when she tries to go find Lucie before Darnay is sent to the guillotine. Lucie and Darnay secretly left Paris to head back home and Madame Defarge is unaware of that. Coincidentally Miss Pross tells Mr. Lorry, “‘what do you think of our not starting from this court-yard? Another carriage
A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens deals with many coincidences that impact the plot and
Justice is one of the main theme from this book, as each character tries to get justice. In this book we see the distress and agony that Madame Defarge suffers with. Mainly because of her sister’s deaths and family suffering, due to the Evremonde brother’s, Charles Darnay’s father and uncle. Ever since that happened she’s wanted justice for her and her family. The justice that Madame Defarge wanted later turn into retribution, which lead her to a path of darkness, making her wanting the death of Charles Darnay and his family. At the same time, she was fighting for justice for France, which made her want more lives to be dead for the good of her people. those dead are my dead, and that summons to answer for those things descends to me!’… “Then tell Wind and Fire where to stop,” … “but don’t tell me.” (Dickens 339) Many readers might portray her as the “villain” of this book, but she really is not. All she wanted is justice for what was done
Madame Defarge is portrayed as the condemner of death; she lurks the corners, as she continues to knit an endless kill list of all who have exasperated her. Dickens reveals Madame Defarge’s true intentions when Monsieur Defarge mentions, “To be registered, as doomed to destruction,”(p.7). Furthermore, Monsieur Defarge declared that Madame Defarge will never forget who is on the kill list. Madame Defarge holds an undeniable grudge against Charles’ father, thus meaning that Charles poses a threat to the Defarges, due to the fact that he is guilty by association. In Madame Defarge's eyes, murder is a virtuous necessity, in order to clear out the hazardous individuals who have in any way “wronged” her.
Although neither Madame Defarge nor Lucie Manette are well-developed as characters in themselves, both symbolize opposing forces. Lucie is lovely, golden-haired, and good, a symbol of light. By her very presence she draws the people together and brings them to their full potential. She enables Dr. Manette to return to health and peace, and inspires Sydney Carton to find redemption for his degenerate living in the ultimate sacrifice of his life. Madame DeFarge, however, is the symbol of evil and the inevitable forces of the French Revolution. Driven by the ravages of the aristocrats to an inconsumable hatreds she patiently knits the names of the tormentors soon to be
Dicken’s symbolism of the birds of fine song and feather is a second example of revenge and accurately represents the aristocracy during the French Revolution. Illustrating this symbolism, Dickens writes, “…but, the times was not come yet; and every wind that blew over France shook the rags of the scarecrows in vain, for the birds, fine of song and feather, took no warning” (23). In this quote, there are two symbols. The first symbol is the birds of fine song and feather, where the birds are the aristocrats, their song is their voices, and their feathers are the showy clothing they wear. The second symbol is the scarecrows and their rags, where the scarecrows represent the peasants and the rags represent their torn, raggedy clothing. To translate this quote, the aristocracy has no idea what is coming, while the peasants know about the upcoming war to revenge the aristocrats. One of the main people that keeps up with the upcoming revolution is Madame Defarge, who is a major supporter of the rebellion and recruits other to her side bases on their actions and answers. Madame Defarge asks the mender of the roads, “’And if you were shown a flock of birds, unable to fly, and were set upon them to strip them of their feathers for your own advantage, you would set upon the birds of the finest feathers, would you not?’” (134). Madame Defarge is
In a Tale of Two Cities, Charles Dickens juxtapositions suspense and humor in an intricate tale of love and loyalty.
In the literature art of “A Tale Of Two Cities” by Charles Dickens, a loyalty to warfare, causes suffering to family and social class. A theme that is dominant in the feel and the writing style of the novel. Charles Dickens is excellent at providing a deep and personal meaning to fictional based characters; make you feel for them, sometimes more than these in real life.
Furthermore, the knitting of Madame Defarge was shown to be a register of targets for the revolutionaries, completely contradicting the denotation of knitting. Nevertheless, Dickens begins to portray Madame Defarge as “a Missionary” (Dickens 7). The attribute is ironic as the denotation commits that she is the leader of the revolution and ultimately a missionary of death. Her sinister job as the judge of who lives and dies contradicts the positive connotation of “missionary”. Later in the passage, Monsieur Defarge characterizes his wife, Madame Defarge, as “a strong woman, a grand woman, a frightfully grand woman!”
Charles Dickens utilizes doubles and contrasts to enhance the plot of Dickens uses parallels in characters, social classes, and events that compliment each other to strengthen the plot. Its themes of violence in revolutionaries, resurrection, and sacrifice also help support the story.
In the novel Tale of Two Cities, author Charles Dickens defines character Madame Defarge’s symbolism of knitting as an expression of how it weaves its way in the themes of fate and duality. Throughout the novel Dickens uses knitting in a way of affecting other people’s lives, for instance, the Evremonde family, related blood Charles Darnay with wife Lucie, and their daughter. It affects especially in Lucie Manette’s character, for she is the one who knits the lives of all the characters with her “golden thread” expressing her ability to create a knitted circle of family and friends. To Madame Defarge’s knitting represents her element of fate, her ability to express her vengeance for the misfortune of her family 's fate. The symbolism of Madame Defarge’s knitting is the ability to share the duality with Lucie’s “golden thread” revealing the duality between their two characters, for instance, Lucie’s nurturing pleasant nature, compared to Madame Defarge’s ruthless villains like composers.
The basitile was a prision in Paris, France. The same prision that Doctor. Manette was was held in custody. This was the beginning of the French Revolution. The Defarges, and who they had got help from, were the main people who began the revolution, and started khaos. A friend had told the Defarges some interesting things about the Manette family, and they wanted to see if whatthey were hearing was true, it just so happens that everything they heard was true.
A Tale of Two Cities, a novel by Charles Dickens, is a tale throughout the years leading up to the French Revolution and the French Revolution itself. It is a story of love and loss during the late 1700’s when the Revolution was taking place. In the novel Dickens exemplifies what life would have been like for people living in two prominent cities of the time: London and Paris. The theme recalled to life appears many times throughout the novel and is shown through the lives of many characters. Recalled to life is when a character experiences some sort of change and is given a second chance. In the novel A Tale of Two Cities, Dr. Manette, Charles Darnay, and Sydney Carton are all recalled to life.
While the Victorian people called for romantic intrigue and petty drama in the literature of their time, Dickens’ added complexity to his novels not to satisfy the frivolous needs of Victorians but to further the theme of irony in his novel. In A Tale of Two Cities, irony is an ever-present theme and is woven into the plot seamlessly by author Charles Dickens. Coincidence is a complementary theme to irony in this novel. Dickens’ constant implementation of situations of coincidence and chance leads to a greater sense of irony throughout this book. Dickens adds complexity to the plot and further enforces the theme of irony in the novel through circumstances of coincidence, including the indictments of Charles Darnay, the life and associates of Dr. Manette, and Madame Defarge’s need for and path to revenge.
Out of all the compelling characters in this story, Lucie Manette and Jarvis Lorry are the two that are most interesting to me. In the beginning of the story, they were strangers. However, as the plot develops, we find out they have actually met before. When Lucie became an orphan, Lorry took her to England to be raised. This action shows that Lorry cared for Lucie and wanted what was best for her. They meet again when he takes Lucie to her father. Throughout the story, they grow a strong bond.
Madame Defarge appears to be a minor character in the beginning, but turns spiteful and deceiving in the end. Always knitting, Madame Defarge seemed to be a watchful woman: “Madame Defarge, his wife, sat in the shop behind the counter as he came in. Madame Defarge was a stout woman of about his own age, with a watchful eye that seldom seemed to look at anything, a large hand heavily ringed, a steady face, strong features, and great composure of manner” (Dickens 21). Of this description, one would not assume anything of the character. In the end, it is realized that the two that were killed by Charles’ uncle and father were her siblings, leaving her the remaining sibling to carry the rage and hurt left by the wrong-doings of Marquis Evremonde and his brother. She is a strong advocate for the French Revolution, as she has been knitting the names of those whom the rebels, under the name “Jacques”, planned to kill. Once it became apparent Charles was the descendant left to take the repercussions for his family, Madame Defarge plans to attack Lucie and her child due to the fact that they were associated with Charles and his family. Her plan of murder ultimately fails, and in turn, she ends up dying herself at the hand of her own bullet.