Fatty Acid Composition Of Adipose Tissue And Colorectal Cancer : A Case Control Study

The majority of the studies done on the link between diet and cancer indicate that there is a relationship between high fat intake and an increased risk

Body composition provides an overall assessment of health and it is important in assessing an individual’s risk of developing diseases such as diabetes, high blood, obesity and some forms of cancer. Body composition indicates the proportion of essential fats and non-essential fats in the body (ACSM, 2012). An optimal health range has been established based on the difference in age, sex, height and weight. Individuals above the established range are at increased risk of developing high blood pressure, diabetes and obesity (ACSM, 2012). While, individuals below the established range are more likely to interrupt the delivery of key vitamins and nutrients to the cells of the body as well as adversely affect the proper functioning of their reproductive

John, E. M., Sangaramoorthy, M., Hines, L. M., Stern, M. C., Baumgartner, K. B., Giuliano, A. R., Slattery, M. L. (2015). Overall and abdominal adiposity and premenopausal breast cancer risk among Hispanic women: the breast cancer health disparities study. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, 24(1), 138–147.

The aim of this study revealed an interested trend when comparing IL-6 results to the different metabolic diseases listed as top Ten Global Health Disparities. This study showed that CR will benefit situations where there is a socioeconomic disadvantage, even factor that include health disparities among race and age would show benefit because CR is suitable for all disadvantage groups. Caloric Restriction (CR) has proven to be non-expensive, beneficial agent against age related, racial, and socioeconomic disadvantage, associated with health disparities. The results for IL-6 in each case indicated that CR could improve endothelial function in rats with different metabolic diseases possibly through reduction in body weights resulting in reduction in fat mass and concomitant reduction in the production of the proinflammatory cytokines. IL-6 is expected to be reduced in Colorectal cancer (CRC) rats under

The risk factors of pancreatic cancer are habits that most Americans have developed and can not seem to break. There are five major risk factors that people should consider which include the following; Genetics, Diabetes, Smoking, Obesity and Diet (Wax, 2012). Pancreatic cancer runs in five to ten percent of people who have immediate family members who have also had it (Wax, 2012). Different genes have been indicated as risk but no “pancreatic cancer gene” has yet been discovered (Wax, 2012). “People with diabetes develop Pancreatic cancer about twice as often then people without it” (Margolis, 2002, p.497) and the two diseases have been linked (Wax, 2012). Tobacco use is known to increase the risk of pancreatic cancer (Cancer Research UK, 2013). Smoking will double the risk in developing the disease (Wax, 2012). People, who quit smoking, can reduce the risk of pancreatic, lung, mouth, and certain other cancers and diseases. It is a known fact that people with a body mass index ( BMI) higher

Birt, D. F.; Pelling, J. C.; Nair, S., and Lepley, D. Diet intervention for modifying cancer risk. Prog Clin Biol Res. 1996; 395:223-34.

Furthermore, having an unhealthy diet provokes cancer. When explaining foods that increase the risk of cancer, the author writes, “Certain chemicals are made when red and processed meats are cooked at high temperatures, such as on a barbecue. These chemicals can damage our cells, making them more likely to become cancerous” (Diet Causing Cancer). Cooking processed meat at a high temperature can create noxious chemicals. If one consumes this type of meat, it is like he/she is smoking a cigarette. The poisonous toxins in the meat infiltrate the body and alter the structure of cells, causing the cells to be cancerous. The author goes on to declare, “Overweight or obese people have an increased risk of pancreatic cancer… because they tend to have higher insulin levels” (Diet Causing Cancer). People who have unhealthy diets are generally overweight or obese. These obese people have a higher level of insulin because their diets consist of large amounts of sugar. Insulin is created in the pancreas. When the pancreas has to “work harder” than usual to

According to the article “Diet and Physical Activity: What’s the Cancer Connection?” by The American Cancer Society, a poor diet and inactivity can increase your risks of getting cancer. A research shows that among all cancers diagnosed in the U.S, about 20 percent of them are related to body fatness, physical inactivity, excess alcohol consumption, and poor nutrition. These causes can be prevented by developing a healthy lifestyle. Managing your weight and having a well-balanced diet are very beneficial for reducing cancer risk, even they can help with cancer survivors. When choosing a meal, beware of the portion size and try to limit the intake of food high in calories, fat, and added sugar. In addition, processed meat, red meat, and refined

Research conducted by Levi et al. (2011) in a prospective cohort study on Jewish Israeli males aged between 16 & 19 years concluded that adolescents with a BMI classified as OW/OB had a 53% increased risk of developing colon cancer with HR of 1.53; 95% CI, 1.17-2.0 (statistically significant result). However, it was shown that those adolescents with increased BMI had no increased risk of developing rectal cancer with HR of 1.09; 95% CI, 0.68-1.73 (statistically insignificant).

For instance, African American males are 2.5 times more likely to die from prostate cancer in comparison to Caucasian males, while Asian males (residing in Asia) have the lowest risk (PCF 2015). From a geographical perspective, North America has the highest incidence rate, while Asia has the lowest (PCF 2015). Also family genetics play a large role in how likely a male is to be diagnosed with prostate cancer (PCF 2015). Having a father or brother diagnosed with prostate cancer increases the likelihood of being diagnosed by two (PCF 2015). Diet and certain hormone levels have also been found to be major risk factors while total caloric intake and fat intake was found to be insignificant (ACS 2015; Gann 2002). High calcium intake (due to supplement consumption) increase risk 4.6 times on average and consumption of red meat was positively correlated with prostate cancer risk (Giovannucci et al. 1998; Kolonel 2001). Contradictory to previous correlations, the relationship between fat intake and the risk of prostate cancer has been found to be inconclusive because although saturated fat intake has been shown to increase the risk of aggressive prostate cancer, the relationship is insignificant (Chavarro et al. 2007). A larger risk factor is found when studying the relationship between high levels of insulin like growing factor (IGF-1) and prostate cancer (Pollak 2008). The previous significance between height and prostate cancer has been found to rely not on the genetic influence, but the levels of IGF-1, since the hormone contributes greatly to your height (Pollak 2008). The relationship between high levels of IGF-1 and incidence of prostate cancer reveals that increased levels of IGF-1 in the bloodstream can increase the risk of prostate cancer due to IGF-1 having the ability to make the prostate grow, and during this growth there is more room for error (mutations when duplicating cells) which can lead

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world, with nearly 1.4 million new cases diagnosed in 2012. Almost 55% of the cases occur in more developed regions. About 95% of those diagnosed are adenocarcinomas, malignant tumors that form from glandular structures of the epithelial tissues, and mortality is primarily due to hepatic metastasis. It is predicted that by 2035, there will be 2.4 million cases of colorectal cancer diagnosed annually worldwide. http://www.wcrf.org/int/cancer-facts-figures/data-specific-cancers/colorectal-cancer-statistics

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in men (746,000 cases) and the second in women (614,000 cases) worldwide.(12) Sporadic colorectal cancers, with mutation of APC, activating mutations of KRAS and inactivating mutations of TP53 account for 95% of all colorectal cancers and are associated with several risks factors including western lifestyle, high consummation of red or processed meat, excess body mass index, low physical activity, and smoking.(13) In a large population-based study, a strong association between plasma procalcitonin concentrations and the risk of both all-cause and cancer mortality was found.(14) The authors suggested that procalcitonin might reflect the chronic inflammatory status underlying tumor initiation and progression.(15, 16) From a mechanistic point of view, procalcitonin could be linked with colorectal cancer through several mechanisms (Figure 1): 1) proinflammatory cytokines; 2) reactive oxygen species (ROS); 3) Wnt canonical pathway; and 4) alteration in DNA

The studies fail to sustain Solae Company’s petition for a health claim for soy protein, but give good support for the FDA’s endorsement of fruits and veggies as a way to prevent cancer. Foods that are pickled, smoked and fried, vegetable cooking oils, processed meats, high-salt dishes, and fermented beans mainly labeled soy miso are often associated with stomach and colon cancers. Things that have also been implicated are smoking, alcohol, noodles, bread and other starchy carbohydrates, ‘speed eating,’ and binge eating.

There are five ways that we can do to prevent colorectal cancer in our daily life. First, maintaining a healthy weight. There are at least 11 different cancer have been linked to weight gain and obesity. (siteman.wustl.edu) Second, do not smoke. Smoking can increase your chances to get cancer in addition to heart disease stroke and emphysema. (siteman.wustl.edu) Third, do more exercises. Being physically active lowers the risk of many serious diseases, including colon cancer. (siteman.wustl.edu) Forth, limit red meat or processed food. Eating steak or pork and bacon or sausage can increased the risk of colorectal cancer. (siteman.wustl.edu)Last but not least, get enough calcium and vitamin D. According to statistic, people who did not get enough vitamin D and calcium has a higher risk of colorectal cancer. (siteman.wustl.edu)

Morbid obesity, which is also called extreme obesity or class III, is defined as an individual having a BMI of 40 kg/m2 or greater. This classification is made based on increased risk for comorbidities, including hypertension, cardiovascular disease, sleep apnea, gallbladder disease, metabolic syndrome, type II diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, osteoarthritis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, hormonal cancers, and depression, among others.1