Federal Government Roles

Courts are established social, political, and judicial institutions necessary for the manifestation of justice and the maintenance of law and order. The courts are part of the judicial branch of government, as outlined in Article III of the United States Constitution. Courts are the arenas in which the law is tried and applied. Judges are the presiding officers of the court. The United States Supreme Court is the most fundamental court because has "the authority to decide the constitutionality of federal laws and resolve other disputes over them," (United States Courts, 2012). This is true even though even though the court does not expressly enforce that law; enforcement is the province of the executive branch.

“The Prison and Probation Service has two main goals: To contribute to the reduction of criminality, and to work to increase safety in society. To achieve these goals we work with sentenced persons in order to improve their possibilities of living a life without committing new crimes.” (Linstrom and Leijonram)

State court systems deal with issues of law relating to those matters that the U.S. Constitution did not give to the federal government such as most matters concerning the regulation of the family such as a marriages, divorces, adoptions; probate courts handle wills and estates. State courts also handle contract cases and tort cases such as personal injuries. State courts are the final arbiters of state laws and constitutions.

court, appellate court, and the supreme court. In the American courts system, the dual court

The federal court System is organized in three levels: US District Court, The lowest tier of the federal court system (deals with small cases such as civil suits, and federal government as a party), US Court of Appeals (does not open new cases and hear evidence or testimony, only review judgments), and US Supreme Court (only interprets cases that have been already in US Courts of Appeals).

The legislative branch consists of Congress, Senate and the House of Representatives, executive branch consists of the president of the United States and the judicial branch consists of the Supreme Court. Although the branches are independent from each other one branch has the ability to check on the other two, to make sure no branch steps out of line in a system called checks and balances. An example of how the checks and balances work is that if the president tries to make or pass a law that is unfair the Judicial Branch can declare the action to be unconstitutional. The main purpose of the checks and balances system is to ensure that no branch is given too much power and to make sure that our rights are

29. i) Litigation is when people go to court in order to get a positive ruling for their cause. Interest groups use this technique to force lawmakers to change or add fair

The second Branch is Executive. Executive Branch job is to enforce laws. The Executive Branch consists of the president, vice president, and cabinet. The president has many powers like being Commander- In- Chief of the army, make treaties with other countries, reject laws, and suggests the judges for supreme court. In order to be the president of the United States then you have to be thirty-five years old, born in

The Executive Branch consists of the leaders in both types of government. The President in Federal Government, and the Governor in State Government. The power each has is different in each state. The president is allowed to choose his vice president, as well as the members of his cabinet. Many of the state

The Federal Court system in the United States is used to interpret and make make decisions by the law. There are three main stages of the Federal Court system; the District Courts, Court of Appeals, and the Supreme court. District courts resolve conflicts by applying the facts and law together to determine who is right. They used things like the bill of rights, Constitution of the United States of America, and the 27 amendments. The next stage which is called the Court of Appeals, is used to see if the law was correctly used at the trial/district court. The last court which is known as the Supreme Court is the highest level of the Federal Court System. “Article III of the U.S. Constitution created the Supreme Court and authorized Congress

The Supreme Court was given its power by Article III, Section 1 of the constitution. It states that, "The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish." Given that the Supreme Court is the highest court it has important roles to fulfill such as, it is the last resort for those looking for justice. Due to the fact

Executive power is vested in the office of the President of the United States. The President has the dual role of being the chief of state and the head of government. The President is also commander in chief of the armed forces. He issues executive orders, and appoints Supreme Court justices (with senate approval). The president is also called "the chief legislator" because he indirectly proposes many bills, considers all bills from Congress and signs them into law or vetoes them.

Not all court proceedings are criminal, legal proceedings can also be civil (Davenport, 2012). Civil courts deal with cases where a person files a complaint against the person being sued, which

As the executive branch being the biggest branch in the federal government it also seen as the most powerful as the President of the United States is at the head (Arnold 13). Since the President of the United States governs the executive branch, article II states the president is in charge of

sued in a court of law, and are granted certain protections by the Constitution. It is for these