Female Genital Mutilation Research Paper

In Chapter Thirteen, “Grassroots vs. Treetops” of Half the Sky by Nicholas Kristof and Sheryl WuDunn the act of genital mutilation is discussed. It starts off by giving gory details on genital mutilation, stating that every ten a girl is mutilated. Despite the medical problems surrounding female genital mutilation, it thrived in parts of Africa as a serious problem for young girls. FGM is sometimes described as a female circumcision, it’s cultural significance is to reduce sexual trends and to make the girls more marriageable. However, often these procedures are done with no new medical supplies and are performed with dirty materials leading to infection and sometimes death for girls partaking. A woman in Illinois is doing her best to stop female genital mutilation by working closely with each village and getting to the main source of the problem. Most people were under educated about what was wrong with female genital mutilation, it was a cultural rite of passage. But through working with each individual village, this woman could help ban female genital mutilation is thousands of villages and increased school attendance at the same time.

When it comes to the duality in Watchman, no character exemplifies this quality than Laurie Juspeczyk, the current Silk Spectre who is conflicted about her superhero lifestyle. On one hand, there is Laurie whose deep hatred of the Comedian for what he did to her mother lead to her distrust of other superheroes and rejection of superheroes’ lifestyle. This result in her rejection of Rorschach’s warning about the possibility of someone's going after other superheroes which ultimately lead to Mr. Manhattan leaving for Mars. On another hand, there is Laurie who enjoys her time with Dan as they fought thugs in a random alleyway and rescue people in a burning building. Also, in their relationship, Laurie is devoted and supportive of Dan which helps

Female Genital Mutilation is practiced in parts of Africa, Asia, and the Middle East as a way for girls to be inducted into womanhood. This medical procedure is extremely controversial for it goes against many westernized feminist ideologies. Though seemingly hurtful and damaging towards the women in these cultures, there are still large amounts of girls who willingly chose to have this done to them. This conflict of opinions of what is right and what is wrong to do to women’s genitalia has been contested for a long time, and the answer to this question has not been solved. For one, the answer of what is moral in this situation is different and divided among all different cultures and societies

The scope of this research is focused only on FGM for among all the kinds/types of mutilation, FGM are the most studied and controversial kind/type of mutilation.

"I remember the blade. How it shone! There was a woman kneeling over me with the knife. I bit her; it was all I could do. Then three women came to hold me down. One of them sat on my chest. I bit her with all my might." These words reflect Banassiri Sylla’s account of her experience undergoing female circumcision, also known as female genital mutilation (FGM), at the young age of eight in the Ivory Coast. This disturbing description of her struggle makes it hard to understand why any culture could support such a practice. Yet, it is estimated that about 132 million women and girls in about thirty African countries have undergone the same, or at least similar, cultural

Malala Yousafzai is a female education activist from the Middle Eastern country, Pakistan. Malala is most known for being the girl who was shot by the Taliban for standing up for girls rights. This strong woman did not let getting shot ruin her chances of making a difference. After her quick recovery she went right back to work for helping young girls around the world. To this day, she is making a difference in the world for women’s rights and girls education. In many ways Malala shows the characteristics of a women with Christian serivce, through her activism. Malala Yousafzai has started to change the world in many ways. Through her women’s rights movements to her standing up for women’s education, she is changing the way the world’s view women.

Female Genital Mutilation, is a topic which has caused many controversies worldwide. Female Genital Mutilation is a tradition since antiquity, which occurs in twenty eight countries in Africa, and among certain communities in the Middle East, and Asia. The latitude of this issue is massive. The United Nations estimates that this practice has been performed on about 140 million females, who encounter immediate complications of shock, infections, damage to the urethra, scar formation, tetanus, bladder infections, HIV, along with long -term complications that lead to death (Lauren V, 2011). It is estimated that 3 million girls are at risk annually! During this paper, I will discuss in depth the two ethical theories (Deontology and Utilitarianism). These ethical theories will be a guide, to help understand the moral issues of Female Mutilation, and whether one can view female mutilation to be right or wrong. Aside from the ethical theories, I

Have you ever wondered what is like to have someone’s life in your hands while one thousand feet above the ground? Well I have and I want to be a life light paramedic but to be a life light paramedic there are a few steps you must take. Step one is to take an EMT class to become an EMT. But one thing to count on in this field is blood and it’s not for the squeamish. Another perk life light paramedics need or any paramedic for that fact is to be quick thinker and able to make big decisions fast.

Female Genital Mutilation is a practice in which external portions of female genitalia are removed for non-medical, cultural reasons. In many countries and cultures, young girls are forced to go through this procedure before getting married, based on the belief that the practice will keep them pure and virgins. This practice, set in place by a patriarchal hegemonic system, controls and decides the lives of any girls in a lot of places. Often times, these lives are ended because the practice is non-medical, not safe, and definitely not even done the right way.

In thirty countries, concentrated mainly in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia, “More than 200 million girls and women alive today have been cut...” in a practice widely known as female genital mutilation or FGM. (Female Genital Mutilation) FGM can be classified into three major types. The first includes the partial of full removal of the clitoris and, in very rare cases, they will just cut off the clitoral hood. The second entails removal of part or the entire clitoris, and the labia minora. This also sometimes includes removal of the labia majora. The third major type of this horrid practice is the most cruel. Someone will cut the labia minora or majora on both sides and will then go on to stitch them together, creating a cover over

Female Genital Mutilation is believed to have started in Egypt 2,000 years ago and spread from there. Only a few years ago, FGM was considered a cultural tradition, but now the United Nations has labeled it as a violation of human rights. Canada, Denmark, the Netherlands, and the United States has declared Female Genital Mutilation grounds for seeking asylum and is a punishable offense (1).

4. DISCUSSION Age of the excised females Excision levels, according to the age group in Sudan and Sierra Leone had similar trends. Both countries had extremely high levels of female genital cutting for each age group with the oldest age groups expressing the higher proportions of excision. Both Sudan and Sierra Leone showed that the youngest age group from fifteen to nineteen had the lowest FGM prevalence. Since these two countries have experienced FGM prevalence above ninety percent, one could have deduced that the reason for the decrease in the excision prevalence for the youngest age group was because they had not had their first babies yet, or in the case of Sierra Leone, they had not yet reached adulthood and thus they were not “initiated” yet.

The practitioners' repeated use of the same, uncleaned instruments is also thought to help transmit illnesse like hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV. ("Female genital mutilation." Wikipedia.) 49% of girls in Indonesia from 0-14 years old have undergone FGM. A medical practitioner cut more than half of these girls. ("New UNICEF Statistical Report on Female Genital Mutilation Shows Harmful Practice Is a Global Concern.") In a study of 1694 households in Indonesia were surveyed in six rural districts and two cities of six provinces 86-100% of girls aged 19 reported to have been cut. More than 90% of the women questioned supported the continuation of FGM. The age when the procedures were done can range from newborn to 9 years old. A survey in Iraqi Kurdistan of females aged up to 20 years included 1,508 participants with mean age of 13.5 years. Overall female genital mutilation prevalence was 23%, and the mean age at which it had been performed was 4.6 years. Type I (partial or total removal of the clitoris) comprised 76% of those who had had female genital mutilation. In Yemen, 23% of Yemeni women have undergone

R/ The female genitalia mutilation is one of the cruelest rituals still practiced in most parts of the Middle East and mainly in Africa. This tradition is considered by the World Health Organization a global concern. This ritual clearly violates the human rights of girls and women and is extremely painful. The reasons for this atrocity could vary among regions and are linked most to cultural and social factors, but the two most prominent reasons are: a process to

In Western Societies, such as the United States, women have become more independent both politically and financially. Yet, in third world countries and patriarchal societies, it is not uncommon to see women hold subservient roles to men. Many women still follow traditions of the past within their cultures, such as, female genital mutilation (FGM) or female circumcision-- a painful surgical procedure to remove part of the clitoris (or clitoral hood) to suppress female sexuality. Female circumcision is banned in the United States, as the World Health Organization considers the procedure a violation of human rights for women and girls (“FGM in the United States”). In a recent case, two physicians and the wife of one of the doctors have been criminally