Feminism Nationalism And Militarism After Cold War Summary

J.G. Sime’s short story “Munitions” utilizes a limited omniscient narrative, metaphors, and imagery to demonstrate how World War I contributed to the liberation of North American women from patriarchal gender roles such as housewifery, and the unity among these newly emancipated women. The limited omniscient narrative allows readers to understand the limited opportunities for women before the war, while maintaining hope for a more eclectic future. The narrative also reveals the changing sexual codes for women as a result of independence, the internalized misogyny that forced patriarchal gender roles creates, and how when these roles are eradicated, women become supportive of one another. Sime employs the season of spring and Bertha’s name as metaphors of new beginnings for women. The bright imagery also reveals optimistic future opportunities for women, while contrasting, dark images expose the restricted lives of women before the war.

Genocide has long had gendered effects, but those effects have long gone relatively understudied as with many other issues relating to feminism in academic scholarship. By gendering our understanding of power and violence, genocide must be rethought and even perhaps redefined, as the reality of genocide often finds itself in conflict with the genocidal realities women have faced throughout time. Through gendering our understanding of genocide in this analysis, the feminist viewpoint provides important acknowledgements for the effects of these human rights abuses on both men and women. Moreover, we will better understand how the

Cynthia Enloe’s book titled Nimo’s War, Emma’s War: Making Feminist Sense of the Iraq War allows readers to enter the lives of eight women; four American and four Iraqi, in order to better understand the everyday lives of people, their struggles, and the outcomes of war by using particular stories of women to bring together issues present globally. Enloe wrote this book to analyze war from a feminist perspective. Analyzing war through a feminist lens by way of stories makes understanding the war more accessible for wider audiences (Enloe 2010:xii and 218). The use of stories allows for a better understanding of women in both countries and shows that there is no one group of women, whether that be American or Iraqi, there is no monolithic Muslim women or American women (Enloe 2010:xii). In doing so, Enloe (2010) allows for readers of all backgrounds to critically question the gendered aspects of war including the histories, feelings, struggles, and the ways in which women organize and resist war waging (p. xii). Enloe (2010) in both her purpose for writing this book and in the title, does not focus on one group of women which allows for a more serious and balanced engagement with the women in both countries. Enloe connects stories of women from two countries while at war. When women are taken seriously in all of their diversity, and their ideas and actions are explored, the world will better understand how upholding certain forms of masculinity at particular moments in time

The U.S. government, together with the nation’s private sector, instructed women on many fronts and carefully scrutinized their responses to the wartime emergency. The foremost message to women—that their activities and sacrifices would be needed only “for the duration” of the war—was both a promise and an order, suggesting that the war and the opportunities it created would end simultaneously. Social mores were tested by the demands of war, allowing women to benefit from the shifts and make alterations of their own. Yet dominant gender norms provided ways to maintain social order amidst fast-paced change, and when some women challenged these norms, they faced harsh criticism. Race, class, sexuality, age, religion, education, and region of birth, among other factors, combined to

“The gendered character of warfare is extraordinarily consistent across human cultures. This war system is among the most consistently gendered of human activities. Every known society assigns war roles differentially by gender, with men as the primary fighters (and usually the only ones). Since nearly every society has war in its social repertoire, gendered war roles have broad social ramifications.” (War and Gender, Goldstein, Joshua S.)

Social historians, feminist, sociologists and others have argued about the importance of the impact of the Second World War on women in Britain since the war ended in 1945. This essay will therefore interpret the scholar’s thoughts and views and conclude if there is a new historiography or a new re-interpretation of how the Second World War impacted women’s position in Britain.

The thesis of this essay is high ranking jobs remain closed to women of the military; due to the lack of military frontline combat or the exclusion of this type of training for military women. McGregor’s main claim is that restrictions remain on women even though they are now allowed to enter frontline combat.

While thousands of brave men sacrificed their lives on the battlefields of World War II, women also made contributions to the war effort. Whether they were living in Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union, or the United States, women were needed, and they worked to replace the men who left, in addition to their chores at home, and many also served as soldiers alongside men. Regardless of their differences, women in these three countries shared similar experiences as they worked, from their initial mobilization, to the heavy discrimination.

Many researchers have been drawn to the World War Two period because demands of the wartime economy necessitated a dramatic reassessment of women’s role in life (Honey,1984 p. 1). The form of female participation found least often is the isolation individual female solider who, without gender disguise, fights amongst her male comrades (Goldstein, 2001 p. 112). The decision to introduce large number of women into the armed services during WWII constituted a radical- arguably the most radical- break within the history of gender (Elshtain and Tobias, 1990 p. 107). As difficult as it is to make a difference with how one sees women within the history of WWII women have in one way or another affected how the nature of war is seen within participation (Elshtain and

Gender is an often a contentious term, feminist scholars have introduced this vital term to the language of international relations. Since its inception, gender is most prominent in distinguishing the differences between male and female, however it has articulated different interpretations by both parties in different realms of thought. The duration of this paper will help to explore the different definitions of gender and its associations with the practices of war. This paper will look into how power is used as a gendering tool to exert ones dominance over the other, with a close look at how rape is used as a tactical tool for warfare. As society portrays women as vulnerable, helpless victims, this paper seeks to look into how power can influence women as the perpetrator but also an option for resolution in conflict.

Thesis statement: I’d like to show that women are essential in the military. However, women should not partake in ground combat due to the physical nature of conflict, the emotional and psychological

This documentary seems to point to the idea that the Serb men thought they were superior to women, and they thought it was perfectly justified to rape the women, when in fact, they are not superior to men in any way and the women did not deserve this treatment.

Amnesty International: "WHEN EVERYONE IS SILENT: REPARATION FOR SURVIVORS OF WARTIME RAPE IN REPUBLIKA SRPSKA IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA." Amnesty International Publications (2012).

The belief of “Feminism” affected the social interaction between men and women by creating social issues amongst them and that led to protests and a worldwide movement sanctioned by women to get the equality they deserved. One feminist, Jane Addams, states in her speech on Women and War, “The belief that a women is against war simply because she is a women and not a man, does not, of course, hold. In every country there are many, many women who believe that the War is inevitable and righteous, and that the highest possible service is being performed by their sons who go into the army; just as there are thousands of men believing that in every country; the majority of women and men doubtless believe that”

Firstly, the discipline operated on the assumption of gender-neutrality, premised on the notion that the gender issues relevant in domestic politics were irrelevant to the national security concerns of states in the international arena. Secondly, second wave feminists tended to focus on the oppression of women within the domestic sphere. Consequently, while IR focused on ‘the international’ most feminists were responding to concerns relating to domestic policy, which did not link with the agendas of many IR scholars. Similarly, issues central to IR, such as foreign policy and the roles and functions on international organisations, appeared to have little significance for women fighting to overcome domestic