Ferguson Vs Plessy

The criminal justice system is a set of organizations and procedures set up by governments to control wrongdoing and force punishments on the individuals who disregard the laws. The main frameworks are state and federal. The state criminal justice systems handle wrongdoings perpetrated inside their state limits and government, the federal criminal system handles violations carried out on federal property or in more than one state. This system is supposed to be equal yet the nature of offenses, differential policing policies and practices, sentencing laws and biases are possible contributors to disparities in the system. The severity of the offense, prior record, age and education level are also taking into account when a decision is being made. Our prison system today varies immensely with ascending numbers of minority groups jailed within the system. Racial and ethnic imbalances continue in the United States and no disparity is more evident than that found in the criminal justice system. Disparity usually refers to a difference that is unfair, disparity in the criminal justice system stems from racial disparity which concludes that the proportion of a racial ethnic group within the control of the system is greater than the population of that group outside that control.

After getting the public support for his campaign, America saw an unprecedented rise in its incarceration rate, particularly among African Americans. The “ War on Drugs ” has had a disparate impact on the black community even though blacks and whites use drugs at approximately the same levels. This is achieved through a myriad of formal and informal practices. African-Americans are targeted and prosecuted at a much higher rate even though they are not statistically any likelier to abuse or sell drugs than the white population.

Racial inequality is growing. Our criminal laws, while facially neutral, are enforced in a manner that is massively and pervasively biased. My research will examine the U.S. criminal justice policies and how it has the most adverse effect on minorities. According to the Justice Department’s Bureau of Justice Statistics, out of a total population of 1,976,019 incarcerated in adult facilities, 1,239,946 or 63 percent are

The “War on Drugs” established that the impact of incarceration would be used as a weapon to combat the illegal drug problem in this country. Unfortunately, this war against drugs has fallen disproportionately on black Americans. “Blacks constitute 62.6% of all drug offenders admitted to state prisons in 1996, whereas whites constituted 36.7%. The drug offender admissions rate for black men ranges from 60 to an astonishing 1,146 per 100,000 black men. In contrast, the white rate begins at 6 and rises no higher than 139 per 100,000 white men. Drug offenses accounted for nearly two out of five of all black admissions to state prisons (Human Rights Watch, 2000).” The disproportionate rates at which black drug offenders are sent to prison originate in racially disproportionate rates of arrest.

In today’s society, discrimination continues to affect millions of minorities from inappropriate name calling to being shot by a law enforcement officer because you were perceived to be dangerous. The underlying effects of racial discrimination are seen in all aspects of our society, especially in our social institutions. These social institutions range from the educational system to our government, yet racial discrimination is more evident in the criminal justice system. When analyzing how the criminal justice system discriminates against minorities we are able to do so through the visible disparities within the system. Unfortunately, these disparities display African Americans having the highest population rates in the criminal justice system, therefore, we can immediately conclude this disparity in population is due to the injustices conducted by the system. Thus, there is a need for urgent change not just within the criminal justice system but within all social institutions beginning with our government. This change should create greater opportunities for minorities to enter the political field in our government as well as promoting higher participating in voting. Yet, the criminal justice system within all its aspects practices discrimination due to its deeply interwoven prejudice, institutional racism, and socioeconomic status.

The intersection of racial dynamics with the criminal justice system is one of longstanding duration. In earlier times, courtrooms in many jurisdictions were comprised of all white decision-makers. Today, there is more diversity of leadership in the court system, but race still plays a critical role in many

In modern-day America the issue of racial discrimination in the criminal justice system is controversial because there is substantial evidence confirming both individual and systemic biases. While there is reason to believe that there are discriminatory elements at every step of the judicial process, this treatment will investigate and attempt to elucidate such elements in two of the most critical judicial junctures, criminal apprehension and prosecution.

The existence of racial disparity and structural inequality within the criminal justice system renders the concept of true justice for all unobtainable. The statistics of convictions and prison sentences by race definitely support the concept that discrimination is a problem in the justice system as well as the insignificantly number of minority judges and lawyers. There are a multitude of circumstances that influence these statistics according to the “Central Eight” criminogenic risk factors. The need for programs and methods to effectively deter those at risk individuals has never been greater and the lack of such programs is costing society in countless ways.

Research shows that African Americans and Latinos have been the victims of racial profiling by the criminal justice system. African Americans and Latinos are at a higher risk of being arrested, prosecuted and sentenced that Whites. The main cause of racial disparities occurs because law enforcement agencies believe that African Americans and Latinos are at high risk of engaging in crime and violence. During prosecutions and court hearings, the jury and judges give harsher sentences to minority groups. As a result, minorities view the criminal justice system as unjust since it favors whites. This research paper reviews relevant literature to show white privileges and racial disparities in the criminal justice system. Additionally, the paper provides linkages between racial disparities in the United States criminal justice system and the law. In this regard, the main objective of the research paper is to give detailed insights on racial discriminations in the criminal justice system.

Historically, the criminal justice system has served as a focal point of much of societal racism. There is a long legacy of practices such as the criminal leasing system, extra-judicial lynchings, and police brutality have shaped the history of African Americans and the criminal justice system. Over the last thirty years, there has been significant change has occurred in some aspects of the system. In many jurisdictions minorities have moved into positions of leadership within law enforcement, the courts, and corrections systems. Supreme Court decisions have placed restrictions on such practices as prosecutorial bias in jury selection (James F. Nelson, Disparities in Processing Felony Arrests in New York State). Despite these

The criminal justice system is a complex system with many layers and a rich history in the United States. Over the years, we have discovered what works and what does not, even today we are still learning and debating what’s right and what’s wrong with in this system. This article will discuss three components of the criminal justice system policing, courts, corrections and their intersection with race and gender. Topics include the death penalty, sentencing disparities, racial profiling, stop and frisk and parole release to name a few.

"Mass incarceration makes our country worse off and we need to do something about it."(LoBianco 2015).There have been criminals since the beginning of time, the crime rate seems to increase with every year. Criminals do not have a certain agenda or a race/ethnicity. Although in today’s times, African Americans and Latino Americans have been the target of the cruel and unjust criminal justice system. The criminal justice system at times does not stand to be right within many of minorities’ communities when they are being attacked often and not treated fairly. The history of criminal injustice reaches as far back as slavery when slaves were beaten to death just for looking at a Caucasian woman. Although progress has been made, America still has a long way to go. The situation of killings or beatings of minority individual’s death and aggressors not facing any consequences has to change. The United States is stagnant in many cases in the criminal justice system. In cases Blacks and Latinos have to deal with harsh tribulations and endure hardships because of the criminal justice system. The harsh realities of the criminal justice system toward minorities are based on racial stereotyping and result in unfounded criminal charges, police brutality, and never getting the justice that is deserved. According to Michigan law program in law series, they conducted a study in which sample is limited to males because racial disparity patterns differ by gender, and those affecting black males are of particular policy importance. Black men in the U.S. are incarcerated at a rate over six times that of White men and over ten times that of Black women, and men make up over 80% of federal defendant in the sample period. Using both regression methods and a semi-parametric reweighting approach, we find that black defendants face significantly more severe charges than whites even after controlling for criminal behavior (arrest offense, multiple-defendant case

Racial discrimination has been an issue in the United States since its founding. Specifically, African Americans have had limited rights and opportunities because of their skin color. Thankfully though, the years have brought laws and regulations that improve the lives of colored individuals. These changes include the right to vote, own property, and even interact freely with the white communities. Despite these vast improvements, there are still aspects in the United States government that are not in favor of the colored community; one of these aspects is the judicial system and sentencing. Throughout history and even today, blacks face harsher and longer punishments than whites for comparable crimes. It is estimated that punishments placed on “black males in the federal system are nearly 20 percent longer than those imposed on white males convicted of similar

Current crime statistics data showing percentages of imprisoned minorities is an example of the inequalities that are occurring in our justice system with African Americans make up 58% of the prison population. There is a generational existence of bias in the justice system and many social institutions due to inequality created by avoiding or ignoring the problem. What was once determined as the norm in reference to higher criminal rates within racial and socioeconomic classes has now

Minorities have been subject to racial discrimination for decades. In the United States, racial prejudice in the criminal justice system has had a profound effect on the lives of African-Americans and Hispanics. From policing to trial to sentencing, racism against minorities occurs throughout the entire process in the criminal justice system. This research paper will outline some of the aspects and evidence of racial discrimination in the criminal justice system.