Film Reflection: The Great Incan Rebellion

Francisco Pizarro’s defeat of the Incan Emperor Atahualpa with only 168 Spaniards compared to an Incan army 500 times more numerous is seen historically as being a success by Diamond. This success can be seen as being a conglomerate of different attributes rather than one single reason. To begin, the Spanish’s far superior technological advancements gave them a

The Incas and the Aztecs Before the Spanish and Portuguese "discovered" the New World, there

By analyzing document 12.1, “The Aztecs and the Incas through Spanish Eyes,” it allows people today to have a better understanding and at

Leon-Portilla based the stories told in this book upon old writings of actual Aztec people who survived the Spanish massacres. The actual authors of the stories told in this book are priests, wise men and regular people who survived the killings. These stories represent the more realistic view of what really happened during the Spanish conquest. Most of the history about the Aztec Empire was based on Spanish accounts of events, but Leon-Portilla used writings from actual survivors to illustrate the true history from the Indians’ point of view.

Although, this unruly event of betrayal that the spanish conquerors set on the incans, led to a new chapter in peru’s history. I think that the Inca Empire being conquered may have led to a greater history and culture of Peru because if it wasn’t for the spanish conquistadors peru might not have learned how to speak Quechua that early in history.

The Inca Empire began in 1438 and was conquered in 1532. After the death of Huayna Capac, civil war erupted between his two sons over the succession of the throne. Eventually Atahualpa imprisoned his brother and consolidated his rule in Cuzco. Francisco Pizarro came face to face with each other. Atahualpa didn’t want a battle, however, they each had different worldviews. “In a surprise attack, the Spanish, with far superior weapons and the benefit of surprise, slaughtered the Inca entourage, captured Atahualpa, and held the Inca ruler hostage” (Seaman, R., 2014). After this, the Incas tried to resist, they Spanish were to strong and the Inca empire died out after the last Inca ruler, Tupac Amaru was captured and executed.

The fact that the textbook decided to expound on the details of Pizarro and Peru that were happening around the same period of time rather than the accounts of Cabeza de Vaca proves the necessity of primary sources and the advantage they have in further understanding the past. During the 1930s, Cabeza documented his journey across the American Southwest. In his documentation, he describes the environments and lifestyles of the many Natives he came across to. These Natives aided Cabeza and his companions in throughout their expedition with food in exchange for their skills in treating the sick. For the most part, it is understood that he and his friends were treated really well by the Indians stating that the women of one of the tribes “…brought many mats, with which they built us houses, one for each of us and those attached to him.” It was interesting to know how the explorer’s group would continue to grow as the journey continued. Cabeza and his companions met up with people who would “tender all they possessed” and immediately follow them after being “depraved of their belongings.” As the traveling became gruesome with lack of food and rugged mountains, only the strong continued to guide. It was at this point when Cabeza had reached a landmark in his expedition; his fellow traveler Castillo “had found permanent houses, inhabited, the people of which ate beans and squashes, and that he had also seen maize.” After settling on a stable land with permanent homes and crops, Cabeza shifted his focus in searching for Christians which successfully did so. This entire story highlights the unique elements behind the the many explorations to the New World. Cabeza’s expedition contributed to the Spanish Conquest and encouraged other Spanish explorers to embark on a search for

When the Spanish unleashed battle on the Incas Pizarro rushed Atahualpa on horseback. Natives were carrying their king away on a stand while other defended their backs. Atahualpa watched as some warriors flinched, and he ordered them to death on the spot, despite the war going on around them. The Spaniards severed the hands of the natives that carried Atahualpa’s litter (stand). To the Spaniards surprise, despite their open and bleeding wounds, the natives still carried him on the stand with their stumps and remaining hand(s). Hundreds of natives rushed to put themselves between the Spaniards and Atahualpa. Unfortunately, none of them succeeded. Pizarro ran his horse through the lifeless natives and grabbed Atahualpa, while yelling the Spanish battlecry; “Santiago!”. Pizarro actually suffered from a wound to the hand because he was trying to protect Atahualpa so he could return to his king, Charles V of

It is easy to mistakenly interpret the fall of Tenochtitlan as a one-sided ravaging, a destruction handed down from the higher power that was the Spanish. The label “conquistador”, or conqueror, given to the Cortés’ forces, reflects such a belief. However, the interactions between the Aztecs and Conquistadors and between Cortés and other natives as depicted in Cortés’ Second Letter and the compilatory Florentine Codex reveal that the exchange that transpired in Tenochtitlan was more complicated than an unprovoked vanquishing on the part of the Spanish. Further analysis of these two texts reveals that Cortés is not the destructive conqueror one would assume him to be, and that the Aztecs may be partially responsible for their own demise.

Cieza seemed to be in awe of them because of how they conquered other peoples, but treated them with curtesy and respect once the fighting was over with because Spain never did this. His neutral wording of relocation and the political tools they used for this make them seem like benevolent rulers. This allowed the Incas to control the land and people overall, but not have unrest among the conquered, fighting to restore original rulers, as Cieza stated in his Chronicles of the Incas. When the Incas took over, mostly using peaceful tactics, if possible, and their soldiers were ordered not to harm the natives, damage their property or be violent towards the natives. The Incan

Ruling Inca can give someone a whole head of ideas of which can cause the feelings of ¨I'm right¨, or ¨I do not think this is correct or not¨. Regarding the textbook, the author of it was not present at the time of the period and so there is no definite answer for him. I know with textbook authors have some relevance to historians so that could be his leisurely way of evidence. This account weirdly had just straight to the point information and not details. In his case as an author you want your readers to fully understand what is going on during a period of time. Sometimes they can subject to change the details because they cannot understand the action of something. To him, adding or changing the text could be beneficial to him and the thought of being beneficial to the reader. Back then when people did record thing, you notice in the case of documents A and B that they contained very descriptive details of what happened around the

Francisco Pizarro went to Peru and sailed for them he crossed the Atlantic Ocean and headed towards South America. In South America there was a tribe called the Inca’s. Pizarro had seen them and thought they were savages and killed them. They killed every single Inca with no misery. Pizarro had not given up and had he executed the rest of the Inca. Pizarro had enslaved the rest so he could auction them off to other countries. Another thing is that PIzarro had never thought about trying to just talk to them he just went and killed the Inca.

He accomplished this by ambushing and capturing the Inca ruler Atahualpa. Pizarro invited Atahualpa to a "peaceful gathering", but when Atahualpa arrived, he was captured, imprisoned and ransomed. Atahualpa's ransom was paid by the Inca empire with what would be equivalent to 50 million dollars worth of gold today, or, better stated by Pizarro, as "enough gold to fill a room". Unfortunately, this ransom was paid to no avail; in 1533 the Spaniards strangled and beheaded Atahualpa. The Spaniards extended their control over Inca territory in the following years. In 1572 they overwhelmed the last of the Inca forces and captured the last emperor, Túpac Amaru. In beheading him, they ended the Inca dynasty.

19. If I had witnessed Cajamarca prior to the overthrow of Atahuallpa, I would have certainly not believed that Pizarro’s overthrow of the Incas was possible. Pizarro had with him a

The history of Peru is riddled with legends, conquistadors, and a revolution. The fabled beginnings of the Inca empire, which preceded Peru in their lands, state that Manco Capac, a son of the sun god, was sent down and made home in the Vilcanota Valley (“Peru History”). This became their capital, Cuzco. The Incas documented their history through the reigns of the kings. However, it was not until the eighth king, Pachacuti, rise to power