Designing a New Venue in Town
a. Description of Venue My venue is going to be used as a paintball course area. It would be located in the area as marked by Figure 1. There is seven normal outdoor paintball fields and one giant grassy outdoor paintball field. There is also an indoor paintball field as well. Two of the normal fields would be covered with trees and four would be covered with grass. In my venue, there is also a check-in / rental area for people to rent out equipment and check in. There is also an ice cream parlour in the rental area as well.
The estimated number of people using it at any given time is 40.
b. Features that would reduce negative impact
There are five main features that would reduce negative impact to surface
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This helps minimize negative impact to the surface/ground water reservoirs in two different ways.
One, this reduces the risk of algal blooms in the surface waters. Algal blooms occur due to the excess amount of nutrients in the water, causing eutrophication. Eutrophication causes huge plant and algae growth because of the increased amount of nutrients. Then the plants and algae die and bacteria causes the plants/algae to decompose, using up dissolved oxygen. This results in a lack of oxygen, hypoxia and anoxia, in the water. Therefore, many organisms such as the fish die due to the lack of dissolved oxygen in the water.
Two, this increases the potential of infiltration. Water flows from impermeable areas like buildings to the settling pond where it can infiltrate into the ground. Rip rap is the surface cover of the water retention pond. Rip rap creates channels for water to flow through, giving its high infiltration rate. Even though most of the water would be drained by the drainage pipes, some would be infiltrated into the soil.
Another water control feature is having a vegetative surface cover on the hillsides of the venue. As seen in Figure 2, grass, a vegetative cover, covers the southern hill and trees cover the northern hill. The vegetation stabilizes the soil, preventing erosion and gulleys. The vegetative surface cover on the hillsides also increases the potential for infiltration. Grass has a high infiltration rate because the roots and the
With the Hydraway drainage system, soil compaction becomes less of an issue, even during periods of heavy use. In addition, players find the surface to be safer, as they can get a better grip on the turf. This helps to reduce injuries, and games won't need to be postponed or delayed due to wet conditions on the field. These are only a few of the many benefits of using this type of drainage solution.
There are different ways to solve this problem. For example, you can replace grass to artificial or desert type terrain. Instead of flowers, such as roses and sunflowers, you could have cacti and succulents that don't require much water.
A rain garden is a depressed area of land that collects and filters water runoff (EPA). The runoff collected in a rain garden comes from building roofs, streets, sidewalks, and other areas of the landscape that are paved over (Rain Garden Alliance) (EPA). Water collects in the shallow depression, soaks into the ground and is filtered through the vegetation, it is then returned to the water cycle (EPA). Rain gardens are a sustainable way to manage and relieve storm water systems during a rain event (Rain Garden
Helps in utilizing the primary source of water and prevent the runoff from going into sewer or storm drains, thereby reducing the load on treatment plants.
Since phytoplankton live in a variety of environments, future studies can factor in comparisons of different species of phytoplankton and see how treatments such as these affect each one. Continuing using controlled studies is important. Using actual physical environments can pose problems. These problems could stem from unpredictable weather, oceanographic conditions, and hard to define taxonomy of these phytoplankton (Cloern and Nichols 1985). If studies continue to us the phytoplankton chlorophyte, Tetraselmis spp. , you can add in the factor of salinity into the experiment. This species is known to withstand many different salinity levels (Fabregas et. al.1984) and seeing how that might affect data would be an interesting path future studies can
The production of carbon dioxide and other types of toxic molecules are affecting aquatic environments by altering the acid constant conditions. This is were geoengineering comes handi. If we can reduce the amount of fossil fuel emmited to the atmosphere, it will boost biodiversiry, by stabilizing the pH of oceans.
Many systems for humans would not function without clean water, such as: water supply, sanitation, agriculture, and health, which are dependent on fresh water supply. We also often get our drinking water from lakes and rivers and with healthier water systems come a healthier food chain. This is because all animals and plants depend upon the water on the earth. There is a connection between the changes in fish habitations and the composition of species in these habitats (Komatsu, Fukushima, and Harasawa, 2007), and healthy water systems. Increased temperature due to global warming leads to the concentration increase of dissolved substances other than oxygen and an influx of species into the warmer environment (Delpla, Jung, Baures, Clement,
GRASS PAVERS: These pavers are an amazing technological feat. The purpose of these pavers is to manage the rainwater, and allow it to move back into the ground while keeping the ground stable and solid. They are beautiful as well, and can almost be an art form of their own. The geometric shapes can be complex, or quite simple, but all are a beautiful way to enhance your grounds while allowing a green space. These are wonderful for people who may have smaller yards. If you have challenges with standing water or run-off, these may be a great option. Consider putting
a) Cost: There are multiple catchments areas around the golf course which acquire grey water when it rains which loosely filter into the dams. The dams then fill up which in turn the water gets pumped to various sections of the golf course to use as irrigation. This process cuts out the need for outsourced water and a diversification effect takes place, as social golf fees suffer when it rains, the dams fill and provides a resource which reduces costs.
In a freshwater ecosystem, the pH level of the water can greatly affect living organisms within the ecosystem. There
Eutrophication is the process by which an aquatic environment acquires a higher concentration of two important nutrients: phosphates and nitrates in a certain environment. This promotes excessive growth of algae on the surface of the water. Living things need some specific nutrients to survive. Usually nature provides just the specific amount of nutrients, but too many nutrients can cause dangerous problems to the environment. This is presented in aquatic systems.
This infiltration practice is generally affected by soil type, groundwater table, size of the area services, imperviousness, and slope degree (Clark & Acomb, 2008). If slopes are very flat or steep, the functions will be impractical, and therefore slope degree should be no greater than 5% (Clark & Acomb, 2008). Also, likewise with rain
The first few causes of water pollution include sewage and nutrients from fertilizers being dumped into water. This causes a problem for all the organisms because the nutrients cause the algae and water plants to grow to abnormally large sizes. This can eventually block waterways. As the wastes decompose it uses up oxygen and blocks the flow of water in natural rivers and streams. Also, as these nutrients decompose in the water, they use up oxygen which can harm all the organisms living in the environment. Fish and other organisms living in water need oxygen just as much as humans need it. Since all aquatic organisms depend on oxygen in the water, without a sufficient supply they will not be able to survive. This would be a very dangerous thing. Anything that can decrease
Marine water quality tends to improve and some live components of the ecosystem tend to be revived
Pollution in water disrupts the natural habitats. Many animals that live in the various bodies of water end up dying because of the foreign pollutants. Fishes, birds, carbs, dolphins, etc. die and wash up at the seashore as a result. Once the pollutants such as lead and cadmium. The bigger sea animals eat the smaller ones and passes on the pollutants to the other animals. This process affects the food chain as a continuing process.