Flammable Liquids

Depending on the source, and the perspective of the author, there are two main theories or justifications for the fire. One is that the fire was caused and intentionally fueled by arsonists inside the compound. The other theory is that the fire was caused as a result of the FBI throwing tear gas into the partially destroyed building where residents were firing and receiving active gunfire. The areas where tear gas, a flammable component, was introduced were very heat sensitive because of the constant gun fire that was occurring. The cause of the fire is important because if the residents started and fueled the fire then they were responsible for the fire, but if the fire was caused by the FBI then the eighty deaths are in the hands of the

The pyrotechnics that ignited the fire were designed to spray sparks 15 feet for 15 seconds. The two that were mounted at outward angles ignited foam that had

1. Which reactants used in this experiment are flammable? Discuss the safety precautions that are necessary when working with flammable materials in the lab?

For the test tube with the ratio of Acetylene to air is 1:3, a flame traveled down a test tube even slower, there was a slight popping noise and black residue . For the test tube with the ratio of Acetylene to air is 1:7, a flame traveled quickly down a test tube, popping noise and less black residue. Refer to table 1 for the specific lab results.

In recent years, the oil and natural gas industry has continued to expand to populated areas, thus growing a concern for nearby communities regarding volatile organic compounds (VOCs) air toxics and human exposure.1 Current screening methods to determine exposure of toxic VOCs such as the family of Benzene, Toluene, Ethylene and Xylene (BTEX) requires a traditional gas chromatograph (GC), which requires high energy use and its bulky size is not ideal for long-term field deployment and real-time measurements. Sensor technology advancements have enabled the use of low-cost devices to measure VOCs, but require additional techniques for chemical speciation for BTEX identification (i.e.

When most people think of gas cans containing flammable liquid they associate the gas can as potentially flammable. This can be compared to the dangers of operating an ATV over rough ter-rain. Both products have a certain level of risk and provide guidance of use on warning levels, however manufacturers can still be blamed for damages the product has

Gas audibly leaked out at high pressure, ignited and exploded and produces a catastrophic fire which blown through the fire walls. The fire from the explosion had destroyed some of the oil lines and soon larger quantities of stored oil were burning out of control. An automatic system, which has been designed to spray water on such fire, had been turned off. Moreover, the accommodations were design in such a way that not smoke-proofed.

The severity of a chemical burn depends on the following factors: corrosive capability of the chemical burn, concentration of the chemical, temperature of the chemical or the solution in which it dissolved and lastly, duration of the contact with the chemical (page 294). Also an important dependent on the severity of the burn is by how deep the burn in question penetrates through the skin. This is determined by the location of the burn, age of the victim, and the amount of burned area (page 293).

The crime scene investigators took a sample of unburned carpet in order to determine the chemical composition of the carpeting in order to determine what, if any, accelerants were used to start the arson fire. By examining the unburned section of carpet, it gives them a baseline on which to start their testing.

Fire burn patterns can provide information to the investigators. Specific types of patterns can tell investigators what the type of accelerant was used. The burns can also show where and what caused the fire. Depending on the burn patterns it can show the temperature of the fire. There are also a number or burn patterns that can be examined depending on the type or fire and the location of

Arson investigation began sometime in the mid 1970’s, and has been a process changed and evolved ever since. The act of arson consists of purposely setting or starting a fire on someone’s property, and can be for a number of reasons anywhere from vandalism, excitement or serial arson, to revenge, extremism or crime concealment (Newton, M., 15). Some previously “proven” indicators pointing as to whether or not a fire is an act of arson has been questioned, further researched and tested. Many of these theories have stated that certain markings, post-fire, could only appear due an accelerant being used to help engage the fire or intensify it, though recently many of these theories have been debunked. The truth behind some of these markings

Based on the observation and some research the project is built to detect LPG gas and other combustion gas in the kitchen restaurant. Most of restaurant owner and worker use traditional method to detect a gas leakage. Therefore, as a human being, there are limitations to detect those poisonous gases as some of them are colorless and odourless compound.

The combined challenge thus consists in developing effective and environmentally friendly flame retardant systems for polymer materials. The development of flame retardant materials and understanding the phenomena that take place during combustion often require close collaboration between several fields of scientific expertise (macromolecular and physical chemistry, physics of mass and heat transfer, rheology, etc.). Fire retardants are combined with polymer resins to reduce their flammability, decrease production of volatiles and inhibit

1. Flammability and Ignitability The waste burns or explodes with the application of fire, friction, electricity spark, or any source of heat; wastes with high ignitable potential and/or which burn vigorously and persistently. Such wastes have a flash point of less than 600 C. Examples: solvent washes, waste oil, alcohols, aldehydes, paint wastes, petroleum wastes, cleaning solvents, etc. Flash point of a liquid is the lowest temperature at which it gives off enough vapour to form an

Pyrolysis is the decomposition of organic matter by utilizing heat. Pyrolysis is a chemical test, meaning particles go through a process of being dried by increasing heat to extremely high temperatures which finalize the result for identification or specific findings. Pyrolysis aids in analyzing paint, but other components can be determined through this process. Ultimately, the concept of pyrolysis is that it can be broken down into multiple chemical properties, which also means that the advantage of using this process is versatility. However, sometimes the particles can be too broad or complex for the machine to comprehend. This unique action helps to simplify the complicated matter so that scientists can receive an accurate reading of a material to solve a case. Pyrolysis has been in existing for many years, but people tend to confuse this process with oxidation or combustion. Specifically, in Criminalistics, the primary unit that handles pyrolysis is the Trace Evidence Unit, this unit uses pyrolysis in several different cases such as; accident investigations, evidence collections, hit and run cases, shoe print and tire tracks, traffic accidents, comparative analysis, forensic paint analyses and vehicle identifications (Remy. J).