Flatworm Regeneration Paper

Once upon a time in a lab far far away there was a very curious young scientist named James. James is a very young man who one day stumbled upon a new subject flatworms. He found early in his research that they can be very dangerous but on the other hand can help the earth. When he went into his lab early one morning he discovered that the worm had many segments so he tried an experiment if on piece of flatworm can regenerate into an entirely new form of flatworm. His experiment was a smashing success. He was a very known scientist all around his house. He was very excited and had just found a groundbreaking discovery for flatworms.

Basically speaking, an earthworm has two muscles, circular and longitudinal, that allow for locomotion with the muscular system. They run throughout their entire bodies and also help with contraction.

animal in the early stages of growth when it’s basic structure and organ development is forming.

Just last month, a deadly worm was found in not one, but four locations in the U.S. state of Florida. This worm, until recently, was documented in only twenty-one countries, most of which were island nations. Although the New Guinea Flatworm may seem as a highly dangerous predator, it is only about two inches in length and mainly targets snails for its nutrition. These worms are not harmful to humans, but they will feast on any soft creature in the soil. In order to eat snails or any critters with a hard shell, the New Guinea Flatworm latches itself onto the shell’s opening and then spits out its own stomach through the opening in its belly. This allows an acidic goo to dissolve the snail’s flesh and the worm can continue on with its meal by swallowing both its stomach and the snail.

I love gummy worms I been in a gummy worm factory I fell in love with it just the flavors and sweet texture just grab my attention not in that way. I use to buy gummy bears a lot everyday I had a little bit of a sweet tooth my mom just always buy me some gummies at dollar the store. It's kinda funny how i just always on my birthday my mom would ask me what i want for my birthday I would just say money and gummy worms. My mom would just be cool with it she really didn't even care she wasn't buying expensive things that's why.

The new guinea flatworm is from the united states of America.this worm is native to the island of New Guinea where it was originally to have been found in. You can find these worms in tropical areas,coastlands ,planted forests, riparian zones shrubs and urban areas as well.it feeds on earthworms ,slugs and arthopods. This worm can harm the snail called The Giant East African Snail. This worm also can mainly eat mollusks and it especially likes to prey on snail. To hunt for it's prey the worm deposits itself to the bottom of a cabbage leave. It also can follow snail mucus trails to find it`s trail. It also has a infectious rate at least 14.1% and this thing usually lives on cabbage leaves. This worm not only affects the whole population of animals or a specific area this worm can affect humans as

They were separated into three groups of four. Each group of four planaria held a different spot in the labeled petri dishes. The bodies were cut off with a blade while carefully avoiding cutting their gut, and their heads were the only piece to remain, amputating the gut or pharynx would be detrimental to the planaria (Halas et al. 1961). Each group of planaria was kept separate in different exposures to light to see if this would have any effect on their diet, movement, or regeneration. The petri dishes were filled with well water and all planaria were kept on a shrimp diet. To test different light exposure one group was placed in complete light, the second group covered with aluminum foil with holes poked in it for partial light, and the third group was in complete darkness of aluminum foil. Since planaria can grow and shrink very quickly based on amount of food they are fed every two days for two weeks their well water was cleaned out and shrimp diet remained constant (Rink 2012). This process took about twenty minutes each time, because ten minutes were allowed for them to

Spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens)) outbreaks have an important effect on succession of balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.) and spruce (Picea spp.) stands in eastern Canadian forests (MacLean 2004). Spruce budworm feeds repeatedly on annual shoots of balsam fir and spruce and leads to large-scale growth reduction and mortality (MacLean and Ostaff 1989). When overstory tree mortality occurs from defoliation, it creates gaps that allow understory plants to get an opportunity to release (Osawa 1994; Kemball et al. 2005). Defoliation also changes the competitive interactions between host fir-spruce and non-host species and may release the latter.

Heartworm disease can be fatal to your furry friend if it is left untreated. Foot-long worms are found living in the heart, lungs, and associated blood vessels. These worms can cause severe damage in organs as well as cause lung disease and heart failure. This disease has been found to affect dogs, cats, ferrets, wolves, coyotes, foxes, and sea lions. Which the information I learned from my research, I will be discussing the history of heartworm, what causes it, the symptoms and clinical signs, how to diagnose it, the treatment need, as well as preventing it.

The topic I am writing about is the recent screwworm parasite outbreak in Florida. This is the first U.S. invasion of this lethal critter in thirty years. In at least two locations near the Florida Keys, samples confirm the screwworm invasion. The screwworm is deadly even though it looks like an ordinary fly. It feeds on living tissue and can “kill a fully grown steer in 10 days” (Guarino & Post, 2016). The only way these creatures can be killed off is with a fire that includes gamma radiation and X-rays. This creature can infect not only animals and humans, but also livestock. With the absence of the screwworms, it has saved the livestock industry over $900 million. These are a few reasons why this topic is worth considering. Many animal and

Significant changes in internal organs development can be revealed from larval and pupa stages in complete metamorphosis. According to [1] between day one to day thirteen, the chrysalis shows development of numerous aspects of morphology which include wing veins, midgut, flight

Purpose: This experiment is intended to provide a greater understanding of earthworms anatomy. Typically the common earthworm does not reach lengths greater than a few inches, though some species have grown to a massive fourteen inches (Natgeo). Because of the internet and computers in general students who are squeamish can have a less disturbing why to perform dissections (MacOrganisms2). This experiment hopes to show the anatomy of earthworms through dissection.

These flatworms are bi-directionally regenerating creatures which means a cut body can form a brand new tail from the posterior cut and a new head from the anterior cut. Using this skill, they are able to clone themselves, and reproduce asexually. While taking down observations, there were tail droppings. Tail droppings occur when a planaria attaches itself to a surface and pulls away, separating into two pieces. This is one form of reproduction, the other form is called fragmentation. Fragmentation is just like tail droppings, but instead of separating into two pieces, the tail dropping divides up into more pieces. Furthermore, planarians have an abundant amount of stem cell-like cells that are capable of converting into the cell needed for regenerating tissue, and are available when it is required. When they lose a portion of itself, pale white coloured cells filled with stem cell-like cells starts to form, this is blastema. Those cells will transform into the desired cell and will begin to divide, which will result in a new body part to replace the missing part. This could be seen during the lab, the worms were distinctly transparent, or a pale colour, in the areas where they were dissected. These flatworms are organisms, and organisms need to eat, or get nutrients. Once their head is cut off and they are just a tail, it is really easy for them to obtain food. The cells in the tail will self-destruct to provide energy for the growing planarian until the head and tail are proportionate to each other, where it will then continue feeding and growing like before it got transected. Humans too, are capable of regeneration, but just to a certain extent. Everyday the human body creates more blood, new skin, and much more, which is regeneration. Unfortunately, limbs regenerating is unthinkable. That is why studying animals like the planarians and

If there was a lack of apoptosis in organisms that need digit individualization, the regions will be fused together. The elimination of the cells is vital to explain digit sculpting, only part of the tissue is destroyed without affecting the living cells forming the digits. Previously, it was believed that apoptosis did not affect the surrounding cells, but now there is evidence that it induces the remodeling of surrounding cells. Elimination of excess and abnormal neuronal connections during the development of the vertebrae nervous system has affected the organization and functioning of the brain. Extracellular matrix is coincided with apoptosis to reorganize the intestinal tissue. One example of direct tissue remodeling from apoptosis comes from the segmentation of Drosophila. Apoptosis helps with the morphogenetic model of leg joint formation by which a fold in the epithelium is created. Compared to not destroying the surrounding tissues, when leg joint formation occurs, the cellular mechanism must be different. While cells die in the monolayer epithelium, the epithelial barrier must be maintained. Epithelial integrity allows for the neighboring cells to be reorganized by filling the gap during the removal of dead

Planarians are members of the Platyhelminthes (flatworm) family and are triploblastic organisms whose tissues arose from the three germ layers namely; ecto-, meso- and endoderm. They act as a good model for cell proliferation and therefore regeneration. Planarians are composed of many organ systems including a centralized nervous system (CNS) which is made up of bi-lobed cephalic ganglia that are positioned at the anterior end of the body. These ganglia are linked to two longitudinal ventral nerve cords that run posteriorly along the worm. Planarians ingest and excrete through a muscular feeding tube connected to the gut. The gastrovascular system is also composed of three intestinal branches that deliver the nutrients.