Essay on Floriculture

Competition is regarded as one of the major threats to edible arrangements. There will also be

208). The international market had an increasing need for reliable and homogenous product, resulting in nearly identical practices on farms throughout the country (Losch, 2002, p. 208). When Côte d’Ivoire became independent, it resulted in a dramatic spike in production that would help make the country become a market leader (Losch, 2002, p. 208). By the 1980s, the cocoa sector had been received the local government’s blessing and gained a reputation for quality mass production (Losch, 2002, p. 210). This reputation was well-merited; Côte d’Ivoire has supplied almost 50 percent of internationally traded cocoa since the 1970s and continues to do so to this day (Losch, 2002, p. 206).

Tobacco gained popularity very quickly in Europe despite being opposed by the church. Several other crops were also exported, such as “banannas, coconuts, coffee, and breadfruit”21. The export of crops completed what is called the Triangular Trade, a trade between the New World, Europe, and Africa which was central during this time. The New World traded crops to Europe.

Beats ships their product like all over the world, according to their website, and so must deal with global regulatory forces (2017). The rules and policies of Brazil regarding shipping practices and those of Hong Kong are likely very different and the company must take this into account during the transportation and interactions with customs. One example of customs regulations going beyond common sense is the illegalities of transporting kinder-eggs between Canada and the United States (McAteer, 2017). This proves that common sense does not dictate what is and is not permissible and for a large company the consequences of not following these rules are more severe.

“Breaking the Land” discusses three major components throughout the book; cotton, tobacco, and the rice culture. Pete Daniel, the author, discusses the transformation of these three subjects throughout history. The different agriculture crops are described by explaining the environment that they are in and the difficulties they come across. The book explains how the crops and the environment have changed because of the difficulties they have faced. Diseases, race, inflation and deflation of crop prices, laws, and the economy are some of the main problems that helped transform the environment of the crop industry. The book explains in great detail the challenges that each crop undertook to become a more modern industry, along with the increase of technology. Technology plays a large role in creating a more modern life for the agriculture industries. Daniel goes on to explain the new technology that is used during the timeline of events for the development of agricultural crops.

The Brazilian acai berry has been a food staple for low income families for years and a cultural symbol for generations. This berry is vital in Brazil, where it is farmed and, until recently had a relatively small market. However, after an Oprah interview the demand for acai has become an international affair. The rising demand has created a free market; however the once inexpensive food staple has become too expensive for the low income families. This report will analyse the current markets advantages and disadvantages, followed by two possible government intervention models. The examined interventions will be export tariff and price ceiling.

In 1492, after Columbus found America continent, America and Eurasian continent started exchange each other. It called Columbian exchange. It became everything to change such as plants, food, disease, animals, culture, technology and human population. I learned that Columbus gave to Spain people who want to settle down in Hispaniola such as olive tree, some many different fruit and vegetable's seeds. However, some cases are failed to grow, but banana, watermelon, fig, mandarin has grown. Maybe because of different weather and ground, every plant can’t grow in America. Later, Spain conquest got know olive, grape are grown well in Mexico, Peru, Chile. On the other hand, European farmers found plants which are grown by Native American. Native

Over 562,000 tourists visit victoria each year - 90,000 for the vine Victoria Festival and 262,000 for other shopping activities. Tourist make up the largest segment of our target market, at about 87% of the total market for our products. There are about 22,000 people living and working in victoria. If just 16% of those people buy The Italian flower twice a month, the company will sell 55,000 dinners to that market alone in 2010. Add that amount to 25% of all tourists to the Victoria area, and those two segments alone will buy 128,000

The açaí palm (Euterpe oleracea) is native to Trinidad, Brazil, and throughout the Amazon rainforest region. It grows among the flooded soil along estuaries of the Amazon river and is traditionally consumed by peasants because of its filling nature and its abundance and availability in its natural habitat. The açaí palm provides both food and construction material, via the berries, palm hearts, and palm fronds that are used as thatch roofing. Açaí has become extremely popular among American and European markets in recent years and although it is not yet a mainstream product, it has caused a substantial shift in the means of production where the fruit originates. If exports continue on their current upward trajectory it is troubling to consider the effects that this would have on açaí-producing nations given the long histories that Central and South American countries have of imposed dependency on

The author of the book, “The Fate of the Fruit that Changed the World” (2008), Dan Koeppel, who is a famous journalist describes in a fascinating way banana’s cultural importance, threats associated with the crops of banana in the future and banana’ history. Banana is a very delicious fruit and is eaten all over the world. Banana is one of the world’s fourth largest harvests in the world. Dole and Chiquita are eminent American based distributors and producers of banana. They are claiming to produce the banana on low price. In this book, Koeppel discusses the risks associated to the plantation of banana around the world. He also discusses the fact that due to blight, the plantation of banana is destroyed (Koeppel, 2008). He points out that the farmers and the producers have no insight at all regarding this matter (Koeppel, 2008).

“Historically, the banana trade symbolized economic imperialism, injustices in the global trade market, and the exploitation of agriculture-dependent third-world countries”(2). However, they remain to be one of the most profitable items in grocery stores. Making bananas crucial to economic and global food stability for countries all over the world. They are the third largest staple crop, coming only after wheat and coffee. Since bananas are such a sought after fruit, many companies have gone to extensive lengths in the to fight for a share of the market. Chiquita Brands International was one of the pioneer companies to try and globalize bananas. They took a risk and made some very critical mistakes along the way.

As with any other commodity, especially one that must be grown, there are obstacles to trading such a commodity. “The export of Shea from West Africa has seen a spectacular expansion over the last 10 years: An increase of over 600%. However, the sector still must overcome issues including variable Shea butter quality, rudimentary production processes and low awareness among international buyers (West Africa Hub Annual Report).” This low awareness of the product can serve as a major obstacle to trade. With the product only being marketed in Africa, the butter will have uncertain prices and production may not be as high as it would if it were being produced and sold on the international market. As more people become conscious of the unique properties of Shea butter, the demand for this product increases. This gradually increasing demand can place a strain on the trees and these trees have unpredictable yields, with one year producing an excellent yield and the other a poor yield. Because Shea butter is a relatively recent discovery to the cosmetic industry, Western cosmetic companies are only now beginning to realize the potential of the product. The way the Shea butter is produced from the nuts can also hamper the potential of the product being traded on a large-scale and at the international level. The butter if produced fully by hand to ensure a high quality, but this requires several hours and therefore it will take a considerable amount of time to

The industry in which Zespri functions in within New Zealand can be broken up into three broad value generating activities. The first activity is growing of kiwifruit which pertains to the orchards and includes pest and disease control and harvesting. The second includes the post harvesting activities including grading, packing and storing. The final stage and perhaps the most intrinsic stage includes the exporting.This includes the selling and distribution of the kiwifruit to overseas markets. Zespri International group is responsible for marketing almost all the export quality fruit from New Zeland. The only exclusion being the Austrailian Market.

Fyffes procures its products worldwide and is one of the leading distributors of southern hemisphere fresh produce in Europe, in particular fresh produce sourced from South Africa and South America. The most common themes arising from the top managers so far involved the need to foster relationships among the SBUs and work with each other to reduce costs (Geoff Percival, 2012). It is critical for the relationship between the suppliers (Other region markets) and the distributors (UK, Ireland and EU). The four SBUs work together for the fresh fruits supplying and selling, the company launched its worldoffruit.com web site and subsidiary, offering Internet-based business-to-business fruits and vegetables sourcing and information supporting the company's operations are its network of 100 storage, distribution, ripening, and other facilities, a fleet of 17 company-owned or leased temperature-controlled ships, and its own land-based transportation fleet, it can share and reduce the transport cost. The synergy management of the four SBUs also helps Fyffes add more value to the supply chain and make the delivery more efficient.

Wafex is a wholly owned Australian business involved in the horticulture industry since the year 1990. The company is presently Australia’s leading exporter to flower importers and wholesalers domestically and around the world, with expertise in providing Australian native wildflowers both fresh and dried varieties. Wafex’s business strategy is to be proactive in selling, with a strong customer focus, and continually looking for opportunities to add value to its services. The company and its owners are aware of the importance of exporting for the survival and expansion of the company; and also believe quality and time to market are important factors in gaining a competitive advantage in the