Introduction
A spring is a point where underground water emerges onto the Earth’s surface (Scott et al, 2004, p. 354). Florida springs are an important resource throughout the state: recreation, agricultural, public supply, and so forth. Indeed, many Florida springs have historical prominence in their respective regions. Florida’s karst topography is truly unique; the state’s bedrock is composed of limestone (and some dolostone), which formed over eons and is the remains of deceased sea creatures. This limestone is very susceptible to dissolution, and over time water has seeped through the bedrock to form underground aquifers. When parts of these aquifers reach the surface, a spring is formed. Anthropogenic activities can influence the health of Florida’s springs. For example, stormwater runoff can carry many harmful chemicals to springs. Florida’s springs are connected to the Floridan aquifer -- the underground drinking water source for much of the state’s residents. The importance of Florida’s springs goes beyond environmental processes. To further the scientific pool of knowledge, enhance public understanding, and clarify current gaps in the current state of knowledge related to Florida springs, it is important to analyze existing data; this paper aims to contribute to all of
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This study will take an in-depth look at a specific Florida spring, Silver Glen Springs (SGS), with four related sections: (1) spring science (2) history of SGS (3) water discharge and quality
Upon returning from his annual two-week vacation in early July of 2002, the treasurer of the Spring Valley Forest Products Corporation, a Mr. Fred Firr, found the firm's audited balance sheet as of June 30 on his desk. Close scrutiny of the company's financial condition as reported in this document suggested to Mr. Firr that the cash flow picture for the enterprise was deteriorating. In times gone by, the firm had been able to maintain sizeable cash balances in its bank of account, Tippecanoe Trust Company, during the major portion of the fiscal year, and had found only modest seasonal borrowings necessary. Recently, however, a lengthening of credit terms to customers necessitated by intense
Finally there was a public outcry for change. "Now that it was almost too late," wrote Marjory, "men began to realize that the water supply was never just a local problem. The Everglades were one vast unified harmonious whole in which the old subtle balance which was destroyed needed to be replaced or restored" (Bryant pg 57, 1992). A new, scientific study of the region recommended
Wakulla Springs is a protected Florida State park; however human interference is still a major issue. The spring is often advertised as an outdoors adventure. With that advertisement come outdoor activities like swimming, boat tours, scuba diving, snorkeling, hiking, etc. The outdoor activities contaminant and interrupt the natural environment of the springs. Noise pollution, waste exposure, trash, and runoff are just a few of the human interferences the spring is exposed to. A major problem experienced by the
I researched the Everglades in Florida. There have been many negative changes in this habitat both from humans and other species. The region’s water resources are being depleted by invasions of exotic plants such as the Australian Melaluca. The Australian Melaluca also affected the native species of which the rest of the ecosystem depends. Another effect on the water is the runoff from agricultural operations, which gets into the water and pollutes it. Development pressures from agriculture, industry, and urban areas have destroyed more than half of the original Everglades
(Babbitt, 2007), (Dedekorkut 2003) Both the federal and state agencies, along the American people are dedicated to clean-up the water flows in the Everglades. With this, the Everglades Restoration, as Babbitt points-out, is an example of a national commitment to large scale restoration of degraded ecosystems (Babbitt 2007). However , currently, both the public and the political culture rely heavily on natural resource science for answers the many phenomena that exist in water resource policy.
The minor aquifers are Dockum, the Capitan, the Rustler, the Hickory, the Ellenburger- San Saba, the Lipan and to a small amount Marble Falls (Anaya 2001, 113). The aquifer is mostly unconfined but is semi confined in parts of the Trinity (Anaya 2001, 113). The direction of the groundwater flow is controlled by the areas of discharge, which are displayed by the strong influence of the streams form on the potentiometric surface (Barker and Ardis 1996, 35). The predominant direction of the groundwater flow is northwest to southeast, caused the base slope of the aquifer (Barker and Ardis 1996, 35). This flow is also normal to the potentiometric surface as shown in figure 3, except where the aquifer is anisotropic (Barker and Ardis 1996, 37). Most of the recharge that occurs in the Edward-Trinity aquifer happens from infiltration of precipitation over the outcrops and the sinkholes (Anaya 2001, 113). The average recharge rate over the eastern part of the plateau is 0.12 to 2.24 inches per year whereas over the Trans-Pecos region is 0.3 to 0.4 inches per year (Anaya 2001, 113). In certain areas of the plateau such as Pecos and Reeves counties there is induced recharge being caused from the water level declines due to irrigation pumping (Anaya 2001, 116). Discharge occurs in the southern and eastern portions from cross-formational flow
The Florida Everglades provides water to roughly 7 million people in Florida. There is on going issues with the Everglades water supply; for instance, it’s history,and the delayed problems are just two. There has been many acts to save it, and now we just can’t give up.
Along with the numerous natural disasters that humans face in their environment, sinkholes are becoming a more prominent and frequent force to reckon with. Sinkholes are not a new phenomenon, but due to human activity, these concavities are becoming increasingly common. If humans continue to abuse underlying aquifer systems then the influx of sinkhole occurrences will rise. Since sinkholes are naturally occurring hydrogeological systems, the only way to minimize damage caused by this detriment is to respect and conserve water. We can counter that the Floridian Aquifer will not deplete anytime soon, but we need to become realistic regarding the impact we apply on this delicate water mechanic. It is easy for humans to misuse their local resources
West Florida is starkly different from the preconceived images most U.S citizens have of Florida which consist of huge beaches filled with foreign tourist, high-class hotels and exotic cars. Instead, West Florida contains a mixture of southern agrarian roots and small tight knit communities that have become hallmarks of the deep souths perception. One such area which exemplifies the deep southern aspects of west Florida is the Cove, a small inlet which is located near the current location of Panama City, FL and bordered on it North eastern, southern and western portions by the Massalina Bayou and the St. Andrews Bay. The Cove is a beautifully slightly reclusive settlement that fostered a very inclusive tight knit community in Florida since its first settlements in the 18th century. Jeannie Cooper time stakingly interviewed and researched numerous families in the area to accumulate a detailed history of the Cove through the eyes of the generational families who resided in the area. These
The Everglades Restoration Plan is the policy to increase the flow of clean water to the Everglades, in an effort to protect the environment, provide for recreational activities, and supply South Florida with a clean supply of potable water. At a cost of more than $10.5 billion and with a 35+ year time-line, this is the largest hydrologic restoration project ever undertaken in the United States. The Federal Government approved Florida’s landmark water quality project that, once constructed, all parties agree will provide the clean water the Everglades need (Scott, 2013). The Everglades restoration has been hampered by decades of futile bickering over how to decide the most rational approach to restoring the flow of water to the Everglades.
Would you like to have a little water supply? Well, the water supply of the Everglades is badly affected. Many people are trying to save the Everglades, but there are many bumps in the process. The passages talk about the history of the Everglades, problems there are, and issues facing recent attempts to improve the Everglades.
Groundwater is the largest and most available usable source of drinking water in the state. There is a vast and mysterious system of caves and natural springs in North Central Florida. The cave system within the aquifer is one of the most amazing parts. The caves are remarkable in many ways. They are among the deepest and longest in the world, let alone the U.S. Another amazing aspect of the system is the purity of the water. The springs collectively produce billions of gallons of crystal clear water per day. The whole system stems from the Florida Aquifer that rests under the entire state. When most people think of Florida, they think of the weather and the beaches, but its the springs and the whole water
This project is meant to analyze various sources of scientific data on the environmental issue of phosphorus mining in the state of Florida, as well as explore concerns, solutions, and progress surrounding the problems faced. Phosphorus, a necessary element for plant respiration as well as use in the human body, is mined from phosphorus formations in the form of phosphate rock. The largest known and easily accessible phosphate formation in North America lies in Florida, in the central region, where large mining operations have been established for over a century to extract the rock for its main usage as fertilizer for the agricultural industry. Many longstanding environmental concerns as well as phosphorus supply levels have been debated in the last half century, or since the widespread use of fertilizer after the “green revolution”. This paper will explore the issues directly related to the
In karst landscapes, if local topography sinks below the water table, groundwater releases into the lower area, creating a spring (Hudak, 2000). Springs are often found at structural, topographic, and stratigraphic discontinuities (Bierman and Montgomery, 2014). There are two general types of springs, categorized according to the type of aquifer from which they derive: (1) water-table (also called non-artesian): flows through the earth from a higher elevation to a lower elevation; and (2) artesian (most of Florida’s large springs are this type): flows to the surface via hydrostatic pressure (Rosenau and Ferguson, 1978). The relationship between hydrologic and geologic factors that prevail in Florida contribute to the many springs found throughout the state (Rosenau and Ferguson, 1978). The springs located in the Ocala National Forest are a result of the local karst landscape and related processes discussed above (Rosenau and Ferguson, 1978; Bierman and Montgomery, 2014; United States Department of Agriculture,
Dalhousie Springs is located in Witjira National Park, on the western edge of the Simpson Desert. It’s almost 180 kilometres north east of Oodnadatta and about 500 kilometres south of Alice Springs.