Fluoxetine Research Paper

The linkage of serotonin to depression has been known for the past five years. From numerous studies, the most concrete evidence of this connection is the decreased concentration of serotonin metabolites like 5-HIAA (5-hydroxyindole acetic acid) in the cerebrospinal fluid and brain tissues of depressed people. If depression, as suggested, is a result of decreased levels of serotonin in the brain, pharmaceutical agents that can reverse this effect should be helpful in treating depressed patients. Therefore, the primary targets of various antidepressant medications are serotonin transports of the brain. Since serotonin is activated when released by neurons into the synapse, antidepressants function at the synapse to enhance serotonin activity. Normally, serotonin's actions in the synapse are terminated by its being taken back into the neuron then releases it at which point "it is either recycled for reuse as a transmitter or broken down into its metabolic by products and transported out of the brain." As a result, antidepressants work to increase serotonin levels at the synapse by blocking serotonin reuptake (2).

Introduction Chronic intake, the delayed onset of action, drug resistance and numerous side effects force the researchers to look for the new, safe antidepressant strategies (1, 2) with rapid onset and longer time of action.

Ethical Implications for Treating ADHD As responsible advocates for the health and well-being of our clients, it is pertinent for counselors to remain knowledgeable of the warning signs for potentially dangerous behavior. This awareness pertains to clients who have yet to be prescribed medication for psychosis of a diagnosed disorder, as

Psychotropic Medications Psychotropic drugs are medications which affect the central nervous system. It changes how the brain processes information and alters the mood, thoughts, behaviors and perceptions. Most psychotropic drugs are prescribed after the method of psychoeducation and therapy have failed in improving the current state and condition of the

While the codeine is what caused the CNS depression that threatened our patient, it should be noted that the ineffectiveness of his SSRI he spoke of in our review of systems may also be attributed to our patient’s possible status as an ultra-metabolizer. Fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, and paroxetine are influenced by a few genes of the CYP450 enzymes but none more than CYP2D6. The ultra-metabolizer phenotype of CYP2D6 causes the patient to have sub-therapeutic concentrations of SSRIs causing decreased response.

Prozac At first it was the cure all people were looking for. Then it became the drug they were afraid to take. Somewhere between these two extremes lies the truth about the drug Flouxetine, better known as Prozac, the most widely prescribed drug on the globe. It is mainly prescribed to patients suffering from clinical depression. It was first brought to the market in 1988 by the pharmaceutical giant Eli Lilly co. Even though it was originally prescribed for depression, it has been prescribed for everything from eating disorders to insomnia. It was first considered the wonder drug of the new decade because of the way it helped depression patients when no other anti-depressant could

This drug effects the brain and the brain’s chemicals. Clomipramine is often consumed in moderate quantities. A standard consumption of this drug is 25 mg. It is recommended that for children under 10 years of age they do not use clomipramine, that people 10 to 60 years of age consume 25 mg to 100 mg and people over 60 years of age have lower doses that are increased cautiously. According to Wikipedia (2017) some possible short-term symptoms include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, headache, nervousness and dizziness. Some long-term symptoms include insomnia, anxiety, and worsening of your psychiatric status. It also says that you should be warned not to exceed recommended dosages and to avoid alcohol, as this can greatly affect your health and

Escitalopram is a second generation antidepressant; a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) that is used in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) and anxiety related disorders. It is generic for Lexapro and was approved by the FDA in 2012 for adults and children 12 years and older who suffer

The Effect of SSRI Medications on our Humanity Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) are currently one of the most controversial groups of medicines, with fluoxetine, more commonly known by its brand name Prozac, at the head of the controversy. Opponents of the use of SSRI medications as a successful and safe method for treating depression and related disorders assert that the actions of the drug are an unnatural and a dangerous form of tampering with our neurochemistry. Not only are these medications incredibly safe in almost all cases, they are actually an unnatural method of modifying an already disordered, natural sequence of chemicals in the brain, and therefore are not a form of tampering, but are a method for fixing

When Lilly Research Laboratories were developing and screening naphtaheleneyloxy – arylprpylamines series, in August 2003, for serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, they found that Duloxetine, a member of this series, proved efficiency in treatment of major depression disorder , owing to Duloxetine is a balanced 5-hydroxytryptamine and norepinephrine dual reuptake inhibitor with minor inhibitory effect on dopamine. [1]

Prozac (fluoxetine) is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) antidepressant .Prozac is used to treat major depressive disorder. In 1970 the company Eli Lilly came up with the compound for Prozac. It was first tested as a treatment for high blood pressure, which worked in some animals but not human’s .It was also tested on psychotic patients and people in hospitals with depression by now given the generic name fluoxetine had no obvious benefit, with a number of patients getting worse. Finally it was tested on people with mild depressives. It was tested on five recruits all five started to show signs of cheering up by 1999. Depression was rarely discussed and antidepressants largely restricted people went to their GPs with anxiety

of the disease remain elusive. Fluoxetine (FLX) is one of the most widely used antidepressants for the treatment of de-

Type of interactions of tramadol include:  Drugs used to treat bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, including lithium (Lithobid)  Depression medications, including monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors like isocarboxazid (Marplan) and phenelzine (Nardil); serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) such as desvenlafaxine (Pristiq) and duloxetine (Cymbalta); tricyclic antidepressants like amitriptyline; and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) such as citalopram (Celexa) and fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem)

The efficacy and safety of the drug in patients under the age of 18 years is not established. With renal / hepatic insufficiency and long-term treatment, control over the picture of peripheral blood and liver enzymes is necessary. Patients who did not take previously psychoactive drugs respond to the drug at lower doses compared to patients taking antidepressants, anxiolytics or alcohol. With endogenous depression, alprazolam can be used in combination with antidepressants. With the use of alprazolam, patients with depression have seen cases of hypomanic and manic development. Like other benzodiazepines, alprazolam has the ability to induce drug dependence in long-term admission in large doses (more than 4 mg / day). With a sudden discontinuation of alprazolam, there may be comeback syndromes, such as depression, irritability, insomnia, increased sweating, especially with prolonged admission (more than 8-12 weeks). When patients develop such unusual reactions as increased aggressiveness, acute excitations, feelings of fear, thoughts of suicide, hallucinations, increased muscle cramps, difficult sleep, superficial sleep, treatment should be discontinued. During pregnancy Xanax is very dangerous due to its toxic effect on the fetus and increases the risk of congenital malformations when applied in the first trimester of pregnancy. Admission of therapeutic doses in later periods

In this study, one of the most common prescribed SSRIs, FLX will be utilized. SSRIs block the reuptake of 5-HT thereby increasing the extracellular concentration of 5-HT in the synaptic cleft available thereby altering normal synaptic and neural function. Due to the fact that monoamines and monoamine metabolism is essential and obligatory for normal neural development this proposal will focus on how FLX affect neural development using the following approaches.