Fluoxetine Research Paper

Chronic intake, the delayed onset of action, drug resistance and numerous side effects force the researchers to look for the new, safe antidepressant strategies (1, 2) with rapid onset and longer time of action.

Most antidepressants have not been adequately tested in children, not even in adults. Children’s bodies do not absorb and eliminate drugs the same way an adult’s body does. (Harvard Mental Health Letter, December 2005, 5). The Harvard Mental Health Letter states:

While the codeine is what caused the CNS depression that threatened our patient, it should be noted that the ineffectiveness of his SSRI he spoke of in our review of systems may also be attributed to our patient’s possible status as an ultra-metabolizer. Fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, and paroxetine are influenced by a few genes of the CYP450 enzymes but none more than CYP2D6. The ultra-metabolizer phenotype of CYP2D6 causes the patient to have sub-therapeutic concentrations of SSRIs causing decreased response.

Historically, the use of drugs as fixers of the world's private ills has run into serious, if unanticipated, snags. At the turn of the century, the medical community thought that Cocaine was a completely appropriate, nonaddictive drug, and widely prescribed it. In the 1950s and '60s, first barbiturates and then amphetimines were recommended for various psychological ailments. It

This drug effects the brain and the brain’s chemicals. Clomipramine is often consumed in moderate quantities. A standard consumption of this drug is 25 mg. It is recommended that for children under 10 years of age they do not use clomipramine, that people 10 to 60 years of age consume 25 mg to 100 mg and people over 60 years of age have lower doses that are increased cautiously. According to Wikipedia (2017) some possible short-term symptoms include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, headache, nervousness and dizziness. Some long-term symptoms include insomnia, anxiety, and worsening of your psychiatric status. It also says that you should be warned not to exceed recommended dosages and to avoid alcohol, as this can greatly affect your health and

Other clinical studies have implicated fluoxetine’s effects on serotonin neurotransmitters, based on the fact that serotonin is synthesized from the essential amino acid tryptophan. Patients taking fluoxetine who were in remission from major depression were given a special diet which was tryptophan-free. This rapidly decreased plasma serotonin levels, and after a short period of time (as little as 30 minutes) many of the patients began to have signs of specific depressive symptoms. Later, the reappearance of more general depressive symptoms were observed in a majority of the patients. Thus it was shown that fluoxetine has a profound effect on the neurotransmitter serotonin, and decreased

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) are currently one of the most controversial groups of medicines, with fluoxetine, more commonly known by its brand name Prozac, at the head of the controversy. Opponents of the use of SSRI medications as a successful and safe method for treating depression and related disorders assert that the actions of the drug are an unnatural and a dangerous form of tampering with our neurochemistry. Not only are these medications incredibly safe in almost all cases, they are actually an unnatural method of modifying an already disordered, natural sequence of chemicals in the brain, and therefore are not a form of tampering, but are a method for fixing

There must be special attention toward the patient's addiction history before these agents are prescribed. An understanding of the toxicity and side effects of benzodiazepines, abuse patterns and alternative anxiolytic and hypnotic agents may help clinicians to be safe from issues of medico legal case.

Fluoxetine is selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor and potent inhibitor of CYP2D6 activity. It was observed that the fluoxetine significantly inhibits metabolism of the tolterodine immediate release in an extensive metabolizers, resulting in the increase in tolterodine AUC. There was 52% decrease in Cmax and 20% decrease in the AUC of 5-hydroxymethyl tolterodine. The sum of unbound serum concentrations

Serotonin: Effect of Prozac will raise the level of Serotonin by holding it in the brain and not allowing it to be removed by the body. Animal studies showed that Prozac causes the brain to shut down it's own production of Serotonin, and by that lowering the level of serotonin have been discovered in committing violent or aggressive acts. The people who reach higher levels of concentration of Prozac in their systems, by now, are dead; due to violent acts to themselves or by the fact that they are being sued for violent actions they have taken against others or they have survived with mental or physical disabilities. (http://www.familyhealthnews.com/alternative-health-information/depression/how-prozac-works.html)

The newest medications used to suppress depression are collectively known as selective serotonin inhibitors (SSRIs). These drugs work by altering the

The efficacy and safety of the drug in patients under the age of 18 years is not established. With renal / hepatic insufficiency and long-term treatment, control over the picture of peripheral blood and liver enzymes is necessary. Patients who did not take previously psychoactive drugs respond to the drug at lower doses compared to patients taking antidepressants, anxiolytics or alcohol. With endogenous depression, alprazolam can be used in combination with antidepressants. With the use of alprazolam, patients with depression have seen cases of hypomanic and manic development. Like other benzodiazepines, alprazolam has the ability to induce drug dependence in long-term admission in large doses (more than 4 mg / day). With a sudden discontinuation of alprazolam, there may be comeback syndromes, such as depression, irritability, insomnia, increased sweating, especially with prolonged admission (more than 8-12 weeks). When patients develop such unusual reactions as increased aggressiveness, acute excitations, feelings of fear, thoughts of suicide, hallucinations, increased muscle cramps, difficult sleep, superficial sleep, treatment should be discontinued. During pregnancy Xanax is very dangerous due to its toxic effect on the fetus and increases the risk of congenital malformations when applied in the first trimester of pregnancy. Admission of therapeutic doses in later periods

A non-stimulant treatment, atomoxetine, interacts with norepinephrine transporters, increasing the synaptic concentration of norepinephrine. In a study conducted again to

Serotonin Syndrome is the resulting symptom of excess serotonin in the central nervous system or the peripheral nervous system (Gillman 1999). The condition may occur as a result from the misuse of therapeutic drugs, consuming a combination of drugs or the overdose of a particular drug. This abnormal level of serotonin leads to a range of symptoms including confusion, agitation, pupil dilation, head aches, change in blood pressure and temperature, nausea, diarrhea, increased heart rate, tremor, loss of muscle control (spasms) and heavy sweating (Fink 2007). It was seen in Joe’s case that he experienced a high body temperature, increased heart rate, dilated pupils, muscle spasms and disorientation after consuming illicit drugs. Based on his

In this study, one of the most common prescribed SSRIs, FLX will be utilized. SSRIs block the reuptake of 5-HT thereby increasing the extracellular concentration of 5-HT in the synaptic cleft available thereby altering normal synaptic and neural function. Due to the fact that monoamines and monoamine metabolism is essential and obligatory for normal neural development this proposal will focus on how FLX affect neural development using the following approaches.