Foreign Fighter Phenomenon Essay

Foreign and domestic policies are not linear, rather the policies are connected in a circle, with each policy reinforcing the values of another. Domestic American terrorism in the prison and detention systems and governmental reforms are influenced by the mobilization and ethnocentrism abroad. The militarization internationally is justified by the domestic handling of the same cultural issues within the United State borders. The United States has strangely used a near Catch-22 to handle dilemmas. The United States has allowed perspective to become reality, whether with oneself or regarding issues abroad, specifically in the Middle East. Terrorism is the use or threat of fear for political or economical gain. An internal characteristic of terrorism is how dependent it is of perspective, one man’s terrorist is another man’s freedom fighter. To understand “terrorism,” a focus must be applied to the history, what drove an organization to commit such acts. Respectively, the Middle East has been a hotbed for the key word “terrorism,” especially because of 9/11. Subsequently, Muslims have been stigmatized by the United States as terrorists. The consequences spawned because of 9/11 require a look to the past to understand the present.

For our purposes, we will use the Title 22 of the US Code, Section 2656f(d), to define terrorism. It defines terrorism as “premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents” (Central Intelligence Agency, 2013). Examples of terrorism persist on a near daily basis around the world. Unstable countries, such as Afghanistan and Syria, deal with terrorist attacks on a constant basis. The common thread of these attacks is deliberate targeting of civilian populations in order to achieve political objectives. The best known and largest example are

How did the new technologies of WWI affect soldiers fighting on the front lines? Please include at least three examples of new technologies in your answer

“Terrorism's particularly heinous but highly attractive means to achieve political objectives or even radically restructure political foundations is manifest within societies in all reaches of the world. While the practical application of terrorist methodologies comes across as a relatively straightforward craft, the conceptual and ideological understanding, and subsequent evaluation of its socio-political influence, implementation, and psychological impacts present difficult questions, and in some cases conceivably insurmountable obstacles” (Romaniuk 2014, para

Domestic Terrorism is the use of violent acts intended to intimidate or coerce a civilian population in an area as a way of trying to achieve a political goal. Domestic terrorism is a broad term, and several individuals who perform these attacks do not think their acts fall under that umbrella. Whether they believe it is an act of terroristic crime or not, several attacks that have occurred in the recent years whether it had a huge impact or not, still falls under domestic terrorism. Although the Global Terrorism Database has gone to great lengths to avoid the spread of terrorist attacks, attacks are still unavoidable; there is still a homegrown rise in domestic terrorism. As a society, we must ponder and try to find the reason why domestic

I will argue that there is a statistically significant difference between those who chose to be a foreign fighter and those who chose to commit extremist acts within the United States on behalf of ISIS. This is due to the difference in the cost-benefit analysis of the two phenomenon that are weighed by a radicalized individual. I believe that more individuals that are radicalized will become foreign fighters because the benefit of physical inclusion and proximity to ISIS territory outweighs the cost of joining and being a part of a designated terrorist organization. While on the other hand, although a more feasible option, the benefit of commit a terrorist act on behalf of ISIS is not outweigh the cost of being labeled a terrorist within the United States. As my data set I will solely be focusing on those that have been convicted of charges related to ISIS controlling for age, gender, and time sentenced. Since there is no data on potential recruits I will attempt to explain my findings through different social movement theories to explain both the differences in the two phenomenon and the causes. I will measure my theories based on the plea of those charged with crimes related to ISIS since that is the best way to measure the cost benefit analysis conducted by the individuals. For reasons explained

Early Americans understood the necessity of powerful armed forces and citizen volunteers in times of conflict. As the United States became a developed country, it also became apparent that a strong military force was necessary for global trade and strategic positioning for the prevention and possible participation in war. Strengthening America’s military resulted in the United States becoming and remaining a major world power.

Explain how war and adversity have helped to alter and advance women’s roles. Use at least one example not previously discussed in Question 1.

Over the past year or two, newspapers, radio stations, and news broadcasts have been covering the rapid ascent of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria, also known as ISIS. But they have spread far beyond those material boundaries, reaching into the minds and homes of young people across the globe. These young people are led to believe that ISIS is saving the world, not harming it and that they must partake in the fight for religious dictatorship. They are instructed over the internet to perform acts of terrorism in their own country, known as domestic terrorism. Due to the dramatic increase in terrorist activity

Ever since post 9/11 conflicts began and the United States became involved in the Syrian conflict, several homegrown radicalized terrorist have come extremely close to succeeding in highly destructive attacks. Currently, there are gaps in understanding the radicalization of homegrown Muslims in the United States. Therefore, it is imperative to understand paths towards radicalization through crime prevention strategies (Kamien, 2012). The sources listed below will aid in the psychological background of radicalization, and how radicalization happens to homegrown Muslim converts and non-converts (Schumacher, 2011).

The statement that one man’s freedom fighter is another man’s terrorist is not valid and this is because the differences between the two are far more complex than perspective alone. The issue with perspective being the only distinction is in the difficulty to accurately define terrorism in a way synonymous to describing the characteristics of a freedom fighter. In examining the characteristics of numerous definitions it becomes evident that there is a distinction in the relationship which terrorists and freedom fighters have with civilians when carrying out their violent and politically motivated goals.

It was quite eye-opening to find out that every single country in our world has experienced a terrorist attack, whether that be minor or major. Gaining knowledge about this issue allowed us to come up with solutions to combat this problem, in order to avoid getting targeted by other countries. The largest and most well-known terrorist group in Syria is named ISIS (Islamic State of Iran and Syria). This group has taken over many cities in Syria, including the city of Damascus which has been named “ISIS’ Capital City”. ISIS frequently targets families, and many foreign civilians. During my research, I came to the realization that many other countries also have terrorist groups, which are unheard of in the media. For this task, I researched terrorism in Saudi Arabia, Cuba, Japan, China, Iran, and India. During this research, I learned that Saudi Arabia is one of the largest sponsors of terrorism, and they are the world’s largest source of funds/promoters of Salafist Jihadism, which is where terrorist groups such as ISIS, and al-Qaeda get their ideological basis. Iran, much like Saudi Arabia, is classified by the U.S government as the “most active state sponsor of terrorism”. After the Iranian Revolution in 1979, they have been accused

Domestic radicalized individuals are self-centered, impulsive, opportunistic individuals who seek opportunities to change the lives of individuals within society through acts of violence (Kamien, 2012). In the criminal justice lens, all levels of law enforcement agencies share an important role in national security. The idea of incorporating criminal justice departments from all levels of government offers a variety of counter-radicalization strategies to deter, prevent, and respond to acts of terrorism (Kamien, 2012). However, the increase in homegrown radicalization and terrorist attacks require all agencies to be more proactive than reactive in preventing and detecting acts of radicalization and terrorism. The goal for the criminal justice

That call to action can come in many forms of media and to a global audience. “Terrorist recruitment videos, often released online, have been tailored to appeal to various audiences. A propaganda video, which can still be watched on YouTube of captured U.S. soldier, Bowe R. Bergdahl, compares what seems to be his good treatment under al-Qaeda, to those of U.S.-run prisoner of war camps” (Philipp).

Following the September 11 terror attack on the United States, terrorism has remained a salient issue for the Australian government and a significant source of anxiety for Australians. In fact, a study conducted by Hassan and Martin (2015) determined that 81% of Australians are somewhat fearful of terrorism. In response to the threat, Australia implemented an exhaustive counter-terrorism regime to pre-emptively eliminate potential harms (Williams, 2011). However, while expanded police and judicial powers are somewhat effective crime prevention mechanisms, they do not address the underlying problem. Essentially, a common characteristic of recent terror attacks in Sydney and Melbourne is that the perpetrators are ‘home grown’ individuals who have been radicalised. Critically, these individuals are not formally connected to terrorist organisations, making them harder to detect (Patucci, Ellis, and Chaplais, 2016). The potential harm of terrorism is catastrophic, thus, various developmental programs in Australia and around the world attempt to minimise youth radicalisation through early intervention. Nevertheless, developmental criminology remains underutilised in the counter-terrorism regime and is an important step to eliminating the accompanying us vs. them mentality. Therefore, this paper will establish the body of literature and theoretical framework from which recommendations may be drawn to inform de-radicalisation programs.