China Case Study

Anything that makes slow the process of economic development is called obstacles to its functioning. The various obstacles to the Economic development 0″ Pakistan may be categorized as economic, social, cultural, administrative and political.

China’s investment surpasses all foreign investments in Pakistan in the past. Win-win cooperation is based on trust, confidence and convergence of interests. The Chinese influence in Pakistan has touched an unprecedented high level and it has surpassed the US which has remained the most preferred ally since 1954.

Taoism is a very broad movement, it isnt a doctrine as such, nor a belief system, but is more like a personal experience. It is a way of living and understanding the world, away from the systematization and dogmas, which caused numerous trends. It was the historian Sima Tan (or Sima Qian) in the -I century who brought together all these trends under the name of "Taoist school" in his "Historical Memoirs".

With a growing population in every country comes with challenges and dilemmas. 7.4 billion humans are living on earth today and it is projected to be around 9 billion by the year 2040. Important aspects partake into population growth such as fertility, migration, and mortality. Other aspects greatly effect population growth, however; each country has their own rate of growth. In 20-30 years the world population will grow yet, at grow at a decreasing rate which still raises challenges for the over populated countries. I have great interest in China; I will be explaining and giving an outline on the possible problems that China is currently facing, future dilemmas and advice to advise China with solutions with the it’s challenges.

Pakistan will have the chance to get access into the markets of Central Asia and Iran.

A few numbers of Pakistanis consider CPEC (China Pakistan Economic Corridor) will prove as East India Company for Pakistan. Moreover, the others have a few reservations as the poor strategies and interest rate of the lease for CPEC are not in the favour of national interests. Here, we will scrutinize multi-facet aspects of China Pakistan Economic Corridor. Firstly, I will suggest that you visit the website of CPEC. After that, you will realize that CPEC is the part of OBOR (One belt one road). 64 countries will be connected by OBOR –A dream of China- with each other. Reality is that OBOR consists of 6 corridors and CPEC is one of its Corridors. Length of CPEC is almost 2400Km. This 2400Km long CPEC has various other projects namely highways, Railways, and Energy Projects. These CPEC projects will bring prosperity in Pakistan. CPEC -A multi-billion project- will be a game changer for the South Asia region. Kashgar will be joined by CPEC with Gwadar by 2030. Firstly, we will discuss all the viable routes of CPEC.

Foreign direct investment (FDI) has played a huge part of the international economy influencing economic growth globally with a total of $1.2 trillion spending via it in 2014 (UNCTAD, 2015). Over the past five years from 2011 to 2016 the UK has seen its FDI increase by almost double to 2213 individual FDI projects, this being an increase of 11% from 2014/15 to 2015/16 (Department for International Trade, 2016). The UK also stands out as the clear leader in attracting this FDI into the UK taking a total of 20.9% of the market share of FDI in the European union (Ernst & Young LLP, 2016). FDI is becoming an influential power within the economic system for the UK. A current FDI project underway seeing the constructing of a new nuclear power

For Foreign Companies looking to invest in Pakistan we methodize a process for taking the permissions from different agencies of government like the all-important Investment Board

population witnessed food shortages causing high cereal prices. The food price spike led to the so-called “Bread Revolutions” resulting in a number of causalities (Nasim, 2012). In this regard, the focus of this article will be limited to agricultural foreign investments abroad.

〖FDI〗_. represents the foreign direct investment inflow into partner countries (in current USD). An inflow of cash will lead to a temporary financial solvency in recipient countries, which enables the consumers of those countries to buy more differentiated products. However, because it is a temporary cash inflow, the FDI inflow might have an inverse effect as well and therefore the predicted sign for this variable was indeterminate. The results of regression analysis indicate that the FDI coefficient is -0.03 which indicates a negative relationship with the logistic transformation of IIT, but the parameter estimate is statistically insignificant.

Foreign investment is a tool to foster the economic development in a country. It can be denied that foreign investment helps poor countries to boost their development faster than just only relying on domestic business. The first bilateral treaty was signed in 1959 between Germany and Pakistan. After World War II, European countries started to expand their business to the developing countries? markets. BITs were signed to give confidence to business players from developed states by offering more protection than just relying on domestic law. Before 1980, the protection of investment was the task of diplomatic negotiations, and when disputed, international customary law was in the eyes of ad hoc claims tribunals. International

According to tribune newspaper report, Pakistan has received 49 billion dollars from 2005 to 2015. I being a Pakistani citizen can see that the poverty stricken masses are still living in impoverished conditions. There is a less effective taxation system and rampant corruption, fueled with incompetent institutions ranging from legal, financial, educational and so forth exacerbates the problem. The issues are on an almost standstill.

The economic corridor will link China’s underdeveloped far western region to Pakistan ‘s Gawader deep-sea port on the Arabian sea via Pok through a massive and complex networks of roads,railways,business zones, energy scheme and pipelines.(Rediff News)) Chinese Government will support and finance Chinese Companies, to build $45.6 billion worth of energy and infrastructure project is part of CPEC and $33.8billions in energy and $ 11.8billions infrastructure will be completed in 2017 and deal includes $622 million for Gwadar port. According to CPEC agreement $15.5 billion worth of coal, wind ,solar and hydro energy project will add 10,400 megawatt of energy to the national grade of Pakistan.(Reuter:21 November 2014.

Despite its deceleration over the past few years, India has become one of the most attractive places to outsource operations for corporations due to several important factors: Its young, well-educated low cost labor (Median age 27, according to the World Fact Book, CIA), the gradual economic liberalization and industry deregulation and their several technical skills are only to mention a few of the characteristics that make, along with China and certain other rising Asian nations, serious candidates for hosting big corporation’s foreign direct investments (Ranker, 2014). But India has had to come a long way to stand to where it is now. Several events throughout history have made the nation struggle, from religious to political issues, from

The literature on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has documented various spillover effects on host countries. Following the same line of literature, this chapter takes the analysis further analysing spatial spillover in Indian manufacturing firms for the period 2001-2015. The analysis is based on two different types of weight matrices, one which is geographical based on firm’s location district and the other is based on ‘economic distance’ created by industry type of the firms. The results from Spatial Autoregressive Model and Spatial Durbin Model suggest the existence of positive main effects of foreign direct investment and on the job training but negative interaction effects with weight matrices. The possible cause of the negative